The Superomedial Pedicle Wise-Pattern Breast Reduction: Reproducible, Reliable, and Resilient.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Brown RH
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4621399 | biostudies-other | 2015 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:IntroductionWe present an alteration of the superomedial pedicle technique in breast reduction to control lateral fullness and create a more natural and contoured breast during reshaping. This approach has been adopted by the senior author (NC) in 79 patients over the past 4 years.MethodsA wise pattern skin incision is used, and the nipple-areola complex (NAC) is maintained on a de-epithelialized superomedial pedicle. Instead of fully releasing the pedicle from the lateral parenchyma for rotation and inset, a bridge of tissue between the pedicle on its most posterior aspect and the lateral pillar is maintained. Key holding sutures are subsequently placed in Scarpa's fascia for reshaping.ResultsWe find that with this refinement, the connection with the lateral pillar pulls the lateral parenchyma medially and superiorly when the pedicle is rotated into its new position, adding a natural curve to the side. The superior medial pedicle is still attached in its postero-lateral aspect to the lateral pillar and theoretically, will provide an even more robust vascular supply to the NAC. In our series, three patients developed minor skin healing issues amenable to treatment with dressings. No one suffered from nipple loss or other serious complications, and no dog ear revisions were required.ConclusionsWe present a simple alteration of the superomedial pedicle technique that we believe results in improved breast contouring. Our experience suggests that this simple adaptation is safe, effective, and reproducible.Level of evidence ivThis journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
| S-EPMC10784394 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundOncoplastic breast conservation has been classically divided into volume displacement (VD) or volume replacement (VR) techniques. There have been few descriptions of merging these two approaches. This report describes our experience combining Wise-pattern VD and autologous VR to repair extensive partial mastectomy defects in patients with ptosis.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed for patients who underwent combined Wise-pattern VD surgery and autologous VR by the author from June 2017 to June 2023, with at least 6 months follow-up. Patient demographics, oncological and intraoperative details, and complications were recorded.ResultsForty patients underwent Wise-pattern VD surgery combined with a medial intercostal artery perforator flap (five patients), lateral thoracic artery perforator/lateral intercostal artery perforator flap (18 patients), anterior intercostal artery perforator flap (five patients), or muscle-sparing latissimus dorsi flap (12 patients). The average tumor size was 4.0 cm (range, 1.5-9.1 cm), and specimen weight was 152 g (range, 33-415 g). Six patients (15%) required re-operation for positive margins. There was delayed healing of three (7.5%) donor sites. There were no flap failures. Two (5%) patients had clinically apparent fat necrosis without requirement for surgical revision.ConclusionsThis report demonstrates the feasibility of combining Wise-pattern VD and autologous VR. We propose that oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery be no longer divided into two mutually exclusive approaches and that surgeons make liberal use of combining these approaches to address challenging cases of breast-conserving surgery.
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Project description: Not available
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Project description:BACKGROUND:In order to conduct laboratory studies on donated cervical tissue at suitable times an effective and reliable cryopreservation protocol for cervical tissue is required. METHODS:An active freezing approach was devised utilising 10% dimethyl sulfoxide in foetal bovine serum as a cryoprotective agent with a cooling rate of 1 °C/min to -50 °C then 10 °C/min to -120 °C; a related thawing protocol was also optimised which would allow for the bio-banking of cervical tissue. Viability of freshly harvested cervical tissue was compared to frozen-thawed samples utilising colorimetric MTT assay. In parallel, fresh and freeze-thawed samples were cultured and tested on days 1, 7 and 14 to determine whether bio-banking had detrimental effects on tissue viability over time. RESULTS:Repeat testing revealed that tissue viability between fresh and freeze-thawed samples was comparable at all four time points (days 0, 1, 7 and 14) with no apparent reductions of viability, thus demonstrating this method of cryopreserving cervical tissue is reliable and reproducible, without detrimental effects on live tissue culture. We believe this methodology creates the opportunity for bio-banking donated cervical tissues, which aids improved experimental design and reduces time pressures and wastage.
| S-EPMC5536152 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The diagnosis of medulloblastoma likely encompasses several distinct entities, with recent evidence for the existence of at least four unique molecular subgroups that exhibit distinct genetic, transcriptional, demographic, and clinical features. Assignment of molecular subgroup through routine profiling of high-quality RNA on expression microarrays is likely impractical in the clinical setting. The planning and execution of medulloblastoma clinical trials that stratify by subgroup, or which are targeted to a specific subgroup requires technologies that can be economically, rapidly, reliably, and reproducibly applied to formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens. In the current study, we have developed an assay that accurately measures the expression level of 22 medulloblastoma subgroup-specific signature genes (CodeSet) using nanoString nCounter Technology. Comparison of the nanoString assay with Affymetrix expression array data on a training series of 101 medulloblastomas of known subgroup demonstrated a high concordance (Pearson correlation r = 0.86). The assay was validated on a second set of 130 non-overlapping medulloblastomas of known subgroup, correctly assigning 98% (127/130) of tumors to the appropriate subgroup. Reproducibility was demonstrated by repeating the assay in three independent laboratories in Canada, the United States, and Switzerland. Finally, the nanoString assay could confidently predict subgroup in 88% of recent FFPE cases, of which 100% had accurate subgroup assignment. We present an assay based on nanoString technology that is capable of rapidly, reliably, and reproducibly assigning clinical FFPE medulloblastoma samples to their molecular subgroup, and which is highly suited for future medulloblastoma clinical trials.
| S-EPMC3306784 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Nucleic acid analysis is used in many areas of life sciences such as medicine, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Accurate, reliable measurements of nucleic acids are crucial for maximum impact, yet users are often unaware of the global metrological infrastructure that exists to support these measurements. In this work, we describe international efforts to improve nucleic acid analysis, with a focus on the Nucleic Acid Analysis Working Group (NAWG) of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance: Metrology in Chemistry and Biology (CCQM). The NAWG is an international group dedicated to improving the global comparability of nucleic acid measurements; its primary focus is to support the development and maintenance of measurement capabilities and the dissemination of measurement services from its members: the National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs). These NMIs and DIs provide DNA and RNA measurement services developed in response to the needs of their stakeholders. The NAWG members have conducted cutting edge work over the last 20 years, demonstrating the ability to support the reliability, comparability, and traceability of nucleic acid measurement results in a variety of sectors.
| S-EPMC8568362 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Recently, many residents living in apartment buildings in Korea have been bothered by noise coming from the houses above. In order to reduce noise pollution, communities are increasingly imposing bylaws, including the limitation of floor impact sound, minimum thickness of floors, and floor soundproofing solutions. This research effort focused specifically on the deflection of resilient materials in the floor sound insulation systems of apartment houses. The experimental program involved conducting twenty-seven material tests and ten sound insulation floating concrete floor specimens. Two main parameters were considered in the experimental investigation: the seven types of resilient materials and the location of the loading point. The structural behavior of sound insulation floor floating was predicted using the Winkler method. The experimental and analytical results indicated that the cracking strength of the floating concrete floor significantly increased with increasing the tangent modulus of resilient material. The deflection of the floating concrete floor loaded at the side of the specimen was much greater than that of the floating concrete floor loaded at the center of the specimen. The Winkler model considering the effect of modulus of resilient materials was able to accurately predict the cracking strength of the floating concrete floor.
| S-EPMC4276361 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundThe prevalence of breast lesions (benign, precancerous and cancer lesions) in reduction mammaplasty (RM) specimens has rarely been reported in Europe and never in the Swiss population.MethodsPersonal and histopathological data from 534 female patients who underwent RM were reviewed.ResultsBenign and/or malignant lesions were detected in 76.2% of all patients. Benign breast lesions associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer represented 2.8% of all lesions. Breast cancer in situ was identified in 5 (0.9%) patients. Patient age and previous history of breast cancer were risk factors for incidental breast cancer.ConclusionThe rate of incidental carcinoma in situ was higher for patients with breast cancer history. Probably due to preoperative breast cancer investigation, no occult invasive breast cancer was found in reduction mammary specimens. Therefore before RM, breast cancer evaluation should be considered for all patients, especially for those with breast cancer risk factors (e.g., patient age, personal history of breast cancer).
| S-EPMC3915108 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveShort-term viability assays of cultured cells in 96-well plates are routinely used to determine the cytotoxicity or safety of drugs. These are often based on the formation of chromogen, generated selectively in viable cells. The innate problems of such short-term cell viability assays include (i) effect of drugs is determined by cell density (ii) some drugs have slow/gradual effect and hence may escape such assays, (iii) cell morphology that reveal significant hints to molecular signaling underlining the effect of drugs cannot be effectively captured, (iv) long-term effect on viability and clonogenic potential of cells cannot be determined and (v) herbal extracts often possess intrinsic color that interferes with spectrophotometer estimation. In light of the ease and importance of cell culture-based assessment of drug safety and cytotoxicity, we attempted to combine the conventional cell-based assays in a way that allows multiple readouts (quantitative and qualitative) from a single experiment, and avoids the drawbacks of color interference.ResultsWe have established and validated (using 16 types of cultured mammalian cells) a Quantitative and Qualitative Cell Viability assay in 12-well cell culture plates. It overcomes several shortcomings as discussed above and allows long-term observations on cell morphology and clonogenicity.
| S-EPMC6013999 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionCervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) provide an objective measure of the integrity of the sacculo-collic pathway leading to their widespread use as a clinical tool in the diagnostic vestibular test battery. Though the application of cVEMPs in preclinical models to assess vestibular function, as performed in relevant clinical populations, remains limited. The present study aimed to establish a rodent model of cVEMP with standardized methods and protocols, examine the neural basis of the responses, and characterize and validate important features for interpretation and assessment of vestibular function.MethodsWe compared air-conducted sound (ACS)-evoked VEMPs from the sternocleidomastoid muscles in naïve Brown Norway rats. A custom setup facilitated repeatable and reliable measurements which were carried out at multiple intensities with ACS between 1 and 16 kHz and over 7 days. The myogenic potentials were identified by the presence of a positive (P1)-negative (N1) waveform at 3-5 ms from the stimulus onset. Threshold, amplitude, and latency were compared with intensity- and frequency-matched responses within and between animals.ResultscVEMP responses were repeatedly evoked with stimulus intensities between 50-100 dB SPL with excellent test-retest reliability and across multiple measurements over 7 days for all frequencies tested. Suprathreshold, cVEMP responses at 90 dB SPL for 6-10 kHz stimuli demonstrated significantly larger amplitudes (p < 0.01) and shorter latencies (p < 0.001) compared to cVEMP responses for 1-4 kHz stimuli. Latency of cVEMP showed sex-dependent variability, but no significant differences in threshold or amplitude between males and females was observed.DiscussionThe results provide a replicable and reliable setup, test protocol, and comprehensive characterization of cVEMP responses in a preclinical model which can be used in future studies to elucidate pathophysiological characteristics of vestibular dysfunctions or test efficacy of therapeutics.
| S-EPMC10508189 | biostudies-literature