SEROTYPING AND ENTEROTOXIGENICITY OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Misra RN
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5530822 | biostudies-other | 1997 Apr
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:(1) Background: Hybrid uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains carry virulence markers of the diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) pathotypes, which may increase their virulence potential. This study analyzed the frequency and virulence potential of hybrid strains among 452 UPEC strains. (2) Methods: Strains were tested for the DEC virulence diagnostic genes' presence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Those carrying at least one gene were classified as hybrid and further tested for 10 UPEC and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) virulence genes and phylogenetic classification. Also, their ability to produce hemolysis, adhere to HeLa and renal HEK 293T cells, form a biofilm, and antimicrobial susceptibility were evaluated. (3) Results: Nine (2%) hybrid strains were detected; seven of them carried aggR and two, eae, and were classified as UPEC/EAEC (enteroaggregative E. coli) and UPEC/aEPEC (atypical enteropathogenic E. coli), respectively. They belonged to phylogroups A (five strains), B1 (three), and D (one), and adhered to both cell lineages tested. Only the UPEC/EAEC strains were hemolytic (five strains) and produced biofilm. One UPEC/aEPEC strain was resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and carried blaCTX-M-15. (4) Conclusions: Our findings contribute to understanding the occurrence and pathogenicity of hybrid UPEC strains, which may cause more severe infections.
| S-EPMC8065829 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (HIMFG) is a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City where Escherichia coli is frequently isolated from the urine samples of pediatric patients with urinary tract infections. A collection of 178 urinary Escherichia coli (UEc) isolates associated with complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections were evaluated in this study. The patterns of resistance to 9 antibiotic classes showed that 60.7% of the UEc isolates had a highly multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile. Genetic diversity analyses of the UEc isolates showed a high variability and revealed 16 clusters associated with four phylogenetic groups, namely, groups A, B1, B2, and D. Phylogenetic group B2 was widely associated with the 16 clusters as well as with virulence and fitness genes. The virulence and fitness genes in the UEc isolates, which included fimbriae-, siderophore-, toxin-, and mobility-associated genes, were grouped as occurring at a low, variable, or high frequency. Interestingly, only the papF gene could be amplified from some UEc isolates, and the sequence analysis of the pap operon identified an insertion sequence (IS) element and gene loss. These data suggested pathoadaptability and the development of immune system evasion, which was confirmed by the loss of P fimbriae-associated agglutination in the UEc isolates. E. coli clone O25-ST131 had a prevalence of 20.2% among the UEc isolates; these isolates displayed both a highly MDR profile and the presence of the papGII, fimH, papGIII, iutD, sat, hlyA, and motA genes. In conclusion, the UEc isolates from complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) were characterized as being MDR, highly genetically diverse, and associated with phylogenetic group B2 and many virulence and fitness genes. Additionally, gene loss and IS elements were identified in some UEc isolates identified as clone O25-ST131.
| S-EPMC6171886 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs). E. coli genes epidemiologically associated with UTIs are potentially valuable in developing strategies for treating and/or preventing such infections as well as differentiating uropathogenic E. coli from nonuropathogenic E. coli. To identify E. coli genes associated with UTIs in humans, we combined microarray-based and PCR-based analyses to investigate different E. coli source groups derived from feces of healthy humans and from patients with cystitis, pyelonephritis, or urosepsis. The cjrABC-senB gene cluster, sivH, sisA, sisB, eco274, and fbpB, were identified to be associated with UTIs. Of these, cjrABC-senB, sisA, sisB, and fbpB are known to be involved in urovirulence in the mouse model of ascending UTI. Our results provide evidence to support their roles as urovirulence factors in human UTIs. In addition, the newly identified UTI-associated genes were mainly found in members of phylogenetic groups B2 and/or D.
| S-EPMC3264149 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The virulence determinants of uropathogenic Escherichia coli have been studied extensively over the years, but relatively little is known about what differentiates isolates causing various types of urinary tract infections. In this study, we compared the genomic profiles of 45 strains from a range of different clinical backgrounds, i.e., urosepsis, pyelonephritis, cystitis, and asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), using comparative genomic hybridization analysis. A microarray based on 31 complete E. coli sequences was used. It emerged that there is little correlation between the genotypes of the strains and their disease categories but strong correlation between the genotype and the phylogenetic group association. Also, very few genetic differences may exist between isolates causing symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. Only relatively few genes that could potentially differentiate between the individual disease categories were identified. Among these were two genomic islands, namely, pathogenicity island (PAI)-CFT073-serU and PAI-CFT073-pheU, which were significantly more associated with the pyelonephritis and urosepsis isolates than with the ABU and cystitis isolates. These two islands harbor genes encoding virulence factors, such as P fimbriae (pyelonephritis-associated fimbriae) and an important immunomodulatory protein, TcpC. It seems that both urovirulence and growth fitness can be attributed to an assortment of genes rather than to a specific gene set. Taken together, urovirulence and fitness are the results of the interplay of a mixture of factors taken from a rich menu of genes.
| S-EPMC3126446 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study determined the antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolates from dogs with a presumptive diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI). Urine samples from 201 dogs with UTI diagnosed through clinical examination and urinalysis were processed for isolation of Escherichia coli. Colonies from pure cultures were identified by biochemical reactions (n=114) and were tested for susceptibility to 18 antimicrobials. The two most frequent antimicrobials showing resistance in Urinary E. coli isolates were oxytetracycline and ampicillin. Among the resistant isolates, 17 resistance patterns were observed, with 12 patterns involving multidrug resistance (MDR). Of the 69 tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates, tet(B) was the predominant resistance determinant and was detected in 50.9% of the isolates, whereas the remaining 25.5% isolates carried the tet(A) determinant. Most ampicillin and/or amoxicillin-resistant E. coli isolates carried blaTEM-1 genes. Class 1 integrons were prevalent (28.9%) and contained previously described gene cassettes that are implicated primarily in resistance to aminoglycosides and trimethoprim (dfrA1, dfrA17-aadA5). Of the 44 quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates, 38 were resistant to nalidixic acid, and 6 were resistant to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin. Chromosomal point mutations were found in the GyrA (Ser83Leu) and ParC (Ser80Ile) genes. Furthermore, the aminoglycoside resistance gene aacC2, the chloramphenicol resistant gene cmlA and the florfenicol resistant gene floR were also identified. This study revealed an alarming rate of antimicrobial resistance among E. coli isolates from dogs with UTIs.
| S-EPMC4349538 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in companion animals. Increasing awareness of biofilm-forming bacteria raises concern regarding the appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of UTIs associated with these organisms.Hypothesis/objectivesTo (1) describe the population of dogs with UTIs associated with biofilm-forming Escherichia coli and (2) determine whether or not clinical differences exist between dogs with biofilm-forming E. coli UTIs and dogs with nonbiofilm-forming E. coli UTIs. We hypothesized that there would be no difference in the population characteristics, but that biofilm-formation would be more prevalent in dogs with chronic, complicated, and asymptomatic UTIs.AnimalsSeventy-six client-owned dogs with E. coli UTIs, divided into 2 groups based on the biofilm-forming capability of stored bacterial isolates as assessed by the crystal violet assay.MethodsRetrospective cross-sectional study. Medical records of the affected dogs were reviewed and their population and infection characteristics were compared.ResultsMost (52.6%) E. coli isolates were capable of forming biofilms. Biofilm-forming E. coli had a lower likelihood (P?<?.001) of multidrug resistance than did nonbiofilm-forming E. coli. No statistically significant differences were identified between the population or infection characteristics of the 2 groups of dogs.Conclusions and clinical importanceEscherichia coli isolated from canine urinary tracts are frequently capable of forming biofilms. Because no reliable clinical features allowed exclusion of biofilm formation, the potential for biofilm formation should be considered whenever E. coli UTI is diagnosed. The association of antibiotic resistance and biofilm potential may affect treatment of UTIs, but additional investigation is warranted.
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Project description:Women with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in California, USA (1999-2001), were infected with closely related or indistinguishable strains of Escherichia coli (clonal groups), which suggests point source dissemination. We compared strains of UTI-causing E. coli in California with strains causing such infections in Montréal, Québec, Canada. Urine specimens from women with community-acquired UTIs in Montréal (2006) were cultured for E. coli. Isolates that caused 256 consecutive episodes of UTI were characterized by antimicrobial drug susceptibility profile, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus 2 PCR, serotyping, XbaI and NotI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, and phylogenetic typing. We confirmed the presence of drug-resistant, genetically related, and temporally clustered E. coli clonal groups that caused community-acquired UTIs in unrelated women in 2 locations and 2 different times. Two clonal groups were identified in both locations. Epidemic transmission followed by endemic transmission of UTI-causing clonal groups may explain these clusters of UTI cases.
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Project description:Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) have a capacity to cause serious infections of blood, the central nervous system and particularly the urinary tract. Relatively little is known about how ExPEC adapt their cell-wide protein expression to environments with different carbon sources and other required nutrients. We used label-free quantitative (LFQ) proteomic analysis to determine proteomes of five ExPEC strains purified from clinical blood cultures, and compared them with proteomes of reference uropathogenic E. coli strain 536 derived from blood culture and two chemically different solid media. We identified 2,883 proteins in total, and for 90% of the detected proteins described their relative quantitative levels based on LFQ intensity scores. Comparison of anaerobic and aerobic blood cultures revealed significant differences in the levels of 32 proteins out of 1854 shared proteins. A majority of these proteins was associated with acquisition and utilization of metal ions, which are critical either for anaerobic (nickel) or aerobic (iron) respiration. ANOVA analysis of the relative quantitative levels of 1758 proteins shared between the strains identified 47 differentially expressed proteins, including proteins involved in vitamin B6 metabolism, cell motility and virulence. Comparison of strain 536 proteomes derived from blood cultures and solid media showed substantial variation in the relative quantitative levels of 200 proteins, which represented 11% of the common proteins between the conditions. Blood culture condition was characteristic by upregulation of anaerobic fermentative metabolism, cell motility and iron utilization. In a response to the growth on solid media increased levels of proteins functional in aerobic respiration, catabolism of various biochemicals obtained from the media and protection against environmental stresses. The study presents the largest coverage of ExPEC/UPEC proteome to date,with a detail account of ExPEC metabolism under three chemically different environments.
2016-07-04 | PXD002912 | Pride
Project description:Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the major causative agent of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). A common virulence genotype of UPEC strains responsible for UTIs is yet to be defined, due to the large variation of virulence factors observed in UPEC strains. We hypothesized that studying UPEC functional responses in patients might reveal universal UPEC features that enable pathogenesis. Here we identify a transcriptional program shared by genetically diverse UPEC strains isolated from 14 patients during uncomplicated UTIs. Strikingly, this in vivo gene expression program is marked by upregulation of translational machinery, providing a mechanism for the rapid growth within the host. Our analysis indicates that switching to a more specialized catabolism and scavenging lifestyle in the host allows for the increased translational output. Our study identifies a common transcriptional program underlying UTIs and illuminates the molecular underpinnings that likely facilitate the fast growth rate of UPEC in infected patients.
2019-10-29 | GSE128997 | GEO
Project description:During their lifetime almost half of women will experience a symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) with a further half experiencing a relapse within six months. Currently UTIs are treated with antibiotics, but increasing antibiotic resistance rates highlight the need for new treatments. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is responsible for the majority of symptomatic UTI cases and thus has become a key pathological target. Adhesion of type one pilus subunit FimH at the surface of UPEC strains to mannose-saturated oligosaccharides located on the urothelium is critical to pathogenesis. Since the identification of FimH as a therapeutic target in the late 1980s, a substantial body of research has been generated focusing on the development of FimH-targeting mannose-based anti-adhesion therapies. In this review we will discuss the design of different classes of these mannose-based compounds and their utility and potential as UPEC therapeutics.
| S-EPMC7894189 | biostudies-literature