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ESGI Identification of novel genes and mechanisms leading to Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

ABSTRACT: Approximately 80% of clinically clearly diagnosed patients suffering from primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) cannot be assigned to a specific gene defect. Despite extensive research on PCD and despite the increasing number of PCD genes and knowledge about their sites of action as e.g structural component or cytoplasmic pre-assembly factor, the biology of motile cilia and the pathomechanism leading to PCD is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to identify novel PCD related genes and processes relevant for motile cilia function. We will perform exome sequencing, aiming on the analysis of family trios. In these families, the diagnosis of PCD is secured, but the underlying gene defects has so far not been identified.

PROVIDER: EGAS00001000523 | EGA |

REPOSITORIES: EGA

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EGAS00001000523-sc-20141204 - samples

Project description:Approximately 80% of clinically clearly diagnosed patients suffering from primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) cannot be assigned to a specific gene defect. Despite extensive research on PCD and despite the increasing number of PCD genes and knowledge about their sites of action as e.g structural component or cytoplasmic pre-assembly factor, the biology of motile cilia and the pathomechanism leading to PCD is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to identify novel PCD related genes and processes relevant for motile cilia function. We will perform exome sequencing, aiming on the analysis of family trios. In these families, the diagnosis of PCD is secured, but the underlying gene defects has so far not been identified.

| EGAD00001001092 | EGA

Multiomics analysis of a DNAH5-mutated PCD organoid model revealed the key role of the TGF-β/BMP and Notch pathways in epithelial differentiation and the immune response in DNAH5-mutated patients

Project description:Dynein axonemal heavy chain 5 (DNAH5) is the most mutated gene in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), leading to abnormal cilia ultrastructure and function. Few studies have revealed the genetic characteristics and pathogenetic mechanisms of PCD caused by DNAH5 mutation. Here, we established a child PCD airway organoid directly from the bronchoscopic biopsy of a patient with DNAH5 mutation. We found abnormal ciliary function and a decreased immune response caused by DNAH5 mutation through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

2022-11-12 | GSE217596 | GEO

Multiomics analysis of a DNAH5-mutated PCD organoid model revealed the key role of the TGF-β/BMP and Notch pathways in epithelial differentiation and the immune response in DNAH5-mutated patients

2023-03-11 | PXD038024 | Pride

Cellular responses in the airway ciliary microenvironment from mouse models of primary ciliary dyskinesia with central pair apparatus defects

Project description:Dysfunction of motile cilia can impair mucociliary clearance in the airway and result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a pediatric syndrome characterized by chronic respiratory infection and bronchiectasis, as well as infertility, laterality defects, and occasionally hydrocephalus due to defects in cilia in other organ systems. We have previously shown that mutations in genes encoding components of the ciliary central pair apparatus (CPA) perturb ciliary motility and result in PCD in mouse models. However, little is known about how epithelial cell types in the ciliary microenvironment of the upper airway respond to defects in ciliary motility and mucociliary clearance. In this study, we have used a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach to investigate the effects of ciliary dysfunction on the tracheal epithelial cells from mouse models with mutations in CPA genes Cfap221 (also known as Pcdp1), Cfap54, and Spef2. Expected cell types were identified in the tracheal epithelial samples, including basal cells, suprabasal cells, secretory cells, deuterosomal cells, ciliated cells, tuft cells, ionocytes, and neuroendocrine cells, as well as an unidentified cell type that does not express markers of typical airway cells. The deuterosomal cells were found to exist in two states that differ largely in expression of genes involved in differentiation into the ciliated cell type. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified for each cell type, and functional enrichment analysis revealed a variety of important cellular functions altered in mutant cells. Overlapping DEGs shed light on general cellular responses to cilia dysfunction, while unique DEGs indicate that some responses may be specific to the individual mutation and ciliary defect. These analyses uncover new information about cellular responses to mucociliary clearance defects in the airway and pathogenesis of PCD.

2024-11-14 | GSE254100 | GEO

Genome-wide gene expression analysis in primary ciliary dyskinesia patients

Project description:We performed whole genome gene expression profiling in bronchial biopsies from PCD patients. We used the Quality Threshold clustering algorithm to identify groups of genes that revealed highly correlated RNA expression patterns in the biopsies. The largest cluster contained 372 genes and was significantly enriched for genes related to cilia. The database and literature search showed that 16250 genes in this cluster were known cilia genes, strongly indicating that the remaining 21022 genes were likely to be new cilia genes. The tissue expression pattern of the 210 new cilia genes and the 162 known genes was consistent with the presence of motile cilia in a given tissue. Analysis of the upstream promotor sequences revealed evidence for RFX transcription factors binding site motif in both subgroups. Total RNA obtained from 6 primary ciliary dyskinesia patients and 9 control individuals

2015-02-24 | E-GEOD-25186 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Identification of protein interactors of SPAG1 in human airway epithelia

Project description:Dysfunctional motile cilia result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic oto-sino-pulmonary disease, infertility, and laterality defects. Mutations in dynein axonemal assembly factors (DNAAF), that facilitate the assembly of dynein arms in the cytoplasm before transport into the cilium, cause PCD. Sperm-associated antigen 1 (SPAG1) is a DNAAF; however, SPAG1’s precise role in dynein assembly is unknown. Here, we identify a novel 60 kDa SPAG1 isoform that can partially compensate for the absence of full-length SPAG1 to assemble normal outer dynein arms, leading to phenotypic variability in PCD subjects with SPAG1 mutations. Our data shows that SPAG1 interacts with DNAAF, dynein chains, and components of the R2TP complex, and SPAG1 is necessary for axonemal dynein arm assembly by facilitating the folding and/or binding of the dynein heavy chains to the intermediate chain complex.

2022-03-20 | PXD032349 | Pride

Control of ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis by antagonistic transcription factors

Project description:Cilia and flagella are dynamicallyregulatedduring development and differentiation. Coordination of temporal and spatial transcription regulators are essential for ciliogenesis. We here report that XAP5 and XAP5L are two conserved pairs of antagonistic transcription regulators that control ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis. Male mice lacking either XAP5 or XAP5L display infertility, as a result of meiotic prophase arrest and sperm cilia malformation, respectively. XAP5 positively regulates the ciliary gene expression by activating the key regulators including FOXJ1 and RFX families during the early stage of spermatogenesis. In contrast, XAP5L negatively regulates the expression of ciliary genes via repressing these ciliary transcription factors during the spermiogenesis stage. Taken together, our data provide new insights into the mechanisms by which temporal and spatial transcription regulators are coordinated to control ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis.

2023-07-06 | GSE236388 | GEO

Evolutionary proteomics uncovers ciliary signaling components

Project description:Cilia are organelles specialized for movement and signaling. To infer when during animal evolution signaling pathways became associated with cilia, we characterized the proteomes of cilia from three organisms: sea urchins, sea anemones and choanoflagellates. From these ciliomes, we identified 437 high confidence ciliary candidate proteins conserved in mammals, including known regulators of Hh, GPCR and TRP channel signaling. The phylogenetic profiles of their ciliary association indicate that the Hh and GPCR pathways were linked to cilia before the origin of bilateria and TRP channels before the origin of animals. We demonstrated that some of the candidates not previously implicated in ciliary biology localized to cilia and further investigated ENKUR, a TRP channel-interacting protein that we identified in the cilia of all three organisms. In animals, ENKUR is expressed by cells with motile cilia, ENKUR localizes to cilia in diverse organisms and, in both Xenopus laevis and mice, ENKUR is required for patterning the left/right axis. Moreover, mutation of ENKUR causes situs inversus in humans. Thus, proteomic profiling of cilia from diverse eukaryotes defines a conserved ciliary proteome, reveals ancient connections to Hh, GPCR and TRP channel signaling, and uncovers a novel ciliary protein that controls vertebrate development and human disease.

2019-12-16 | PXD006632 | Pride

WT and FAP256-KO Cilia Proteome from Tetrahymena thermophila

Project description:Cilia are essential organelles that protrude from the cell body. Cilia are made of a microtubule-based structure called the axoneme. In most types of cilia, the ciliary tip is distinct from the rest of the cilium. By analysing Tetrahymena thermophila cells lacking a ciliary tip-enriched protein CEP104/FAP256 by mass spectrometry, we discovered candidates for the central pair cap complex and explained the potential functions of CEP104/FAP256. These data provide new insights into the function of the ciliary tip and the mechanisms of ciliary assembly and length regulation.

2023-09-01 | PXD042582 | Pride

Longitudinal Study of PCD: 5-18 Years of Age

Project description:<p>The purpose of this longitudinal study protocol is to define age-related prevalence of phenotypic characteristics and the progression of key features of lung disease in participants with one of these disorders, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD). In PCD, the abnormal structure and function of cilia results in impaired clearance of secretions and consequent obstruction and chronic recurrent infection in the airways, sinuses and middle ears. Although it seems likely that the onset of PCD airway disease occurs early in childhood, as has been reported for cystic fibrosis (CF), the clinical course of PCD lung disease is not well defined, nor, is the time course of emergence of specific microbial pathogens, or the age of onset and rate of progression of airway disease and bronchiectasis. This longitudinal study is designed to define the rate of progression of PCD lung function in participants between 5-18 years of age using spirometry which tracks well with lung impairment and prognosis in other disorders of the airways such as cystic fibrosis. This longitudinal protocol will also systematically track other specific outcomes, including pathogens infecting the airways (assessed by respiratory cultures), and age at onset and progression of airway damage and bronchiectasis (assessed by high-resolution computerized tomography, HRCT, of the chest).</p> <p>Blood will be collected for DNA to test for genetic mutations. The blood samples will be processed to establish a cell line (lymphocyte transformation) for a source of DNA for future genetic studies, in participants with disease. For participants unable to provide a blood sample, a buccal sample will be obtained for DNA.</p>

| phs000596 | dbGaP

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