Dataset Information

Variation of Leptin-Melanocortin Signaling Pathway Genes and Their Genetic Effects on Linear Body Measurement and Fatness

ABSTRACT: The leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway has a central role in body weight regulation, energy homeostasis, and fat modulation. This pathway regulates the hypothalamic food intake and energy expenditure, with the help of the major genes such as melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and Leptin (LEP), alongside with other genes and enzymes in the pathway. This project aimed to evaluate the role of leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway gene variants in body weight gain and fatness modulation in sheep. In this project, a total of 524 individuals from 5 different native sheep breeds were collected from their native habitats. Including Ujmuqin (n=96) from Xilinguole Meng, Inner Mongolia Province, Sunits sheep (n=96) from Wulanchabu city of Inner Mongolia, Guangling big-tailed sheep (n=145) from Datong, Shanxi Province, Small- Tailed Han sheep (n=90) at Heze, Shandong, and Hu sheep (n=97) from Yichang, Hubei. PCR products from DNA of 524 sheep were used to identify polymorphisms within the CDS region of the MC4R and STAT3 genes using available reference sequences of sheep MC4R ENSOARG00000004034, and STAT3 ENSOARG00000001511. DNA sequencing was performed by Quintarabio Company (Wuhan, China). Reference sequences and sequenced fragments were analyzed using version 12 DNASTAR? Lasergene Genomics Suite Software, Madison, WI, USA. Our data indicated that the genetic polymorphisms of the major genes involved in the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway are significantly associated with the growth, development and fatness of the sheep.

INSTRUMENT(S): -

ORGANISM(S): Ovis Aries

SUBMITTER: HUAZHONG AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

PROVIDER: PRJEB34293 | EVA | 2019-10-02

REPOSITORIES: EVA

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Project description:In humans and other species, Longlong-term hypoxia (LTH) during pregnancy can lead to intrauterine growth restriction with reduced body/brain weight, dysregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF), and other problems in humans and rodents. In contrast, sheep appear to undergo relatively successful acclimatization, not demonstrating any of the above-mentioned problems except at extremely high altitude. To identify the signal transduction genetic pathways and those critical molecules, which may be involved in acclimatization to high altitude LTH, we conducted microarray with advanced bioinformatic analysis on carotid arteries (CA) from the normoxic near-term ovine fetus at sea-level and those acclimatized to high altitude for 110+ days during gestation. In response to LTH acclimatization, in fetal CA we identified, mRNA from 38 genes upregulated (> 2 fFold; (P < 0.05) and 9 genes downregulated (> 2-f Fold; (P < 0.05). The major genes with upregulated mRNA were SLC1A3, Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein 3, IGF type 2 receptor, transforming growth factor (TGF) Beta-3, and genes involved in the AKT and BCL2 signal transduction networks. The majority of genes with upregulated mRNA have a common motif for Pbx/Knotted homeobox in the promoter region, and Sox family binding sites in the 3M-bM-^@M-^Y un -translated region (UTR). Genes with downregulated mRNA included those involved in the P53 pathway and 5-lipoxygenase activating proteins. The promoter region of all genes with downregulated mRNA, had a common 49 bp region, with a binding site for DOT6 and TOD6, components of the RPD3 histone deacetylase complex RPD3C(L). We also identified miRNA complementary to a number of the altered genes. Thus, the present study identified molecules in the ovine fetus, which may help it to play a role in the acclimatizatione successfully response to high-altitude associated LTH. In these series of experiments we examined changes in gene expression in sheep carotids. Pregnant sheep and non-pregnant adult sheep were exposed to 110 days of hypoxia at 3801 meters of altitude. Carotid arteries from fetuses from non-pregnant adult from sea-level controls and those from high-altitude were compared by Agilent ovine custom array

Project description:Purpose: Photoperiod is known to cause physiological changes in seasonal mammals, including body weight, physical activity, and reproductive status. Because cats are seasonal breeders, we recently tested the effects of day length on resting metabolic rate, voluntary physical activity, and food intake. In that study, resting metabolic rate, physical activity, and food intake to maintain body weight were greater in cats exposed to long days vs. short days. Because photoperiod has also been demonstrated to affect adipose tissue gene expression in several species, including dairy cows, sheep, and Siberian hamsters, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of day length on the adipose transcriptome profile of cats as assessed by RNA-seq. Methods: Ten healthy adult neutered male domestic shorthair cats were used in a randomized crossover design study. During two 12-wk periods, cats were exposed to either short days (8 hr light:16 hr dark) or long days (16 hr light:8 hr dark). Cats were fed a commercial diet to maintain baseline body weight. Subcutaneous adipose biopsies were collected at wk 12 of each period for RNA isolation and Illumina sequencing. Results: A total of 578 million sequences (28.9 million/sample) were generated by Illumina sequencing. Using a raw p value of P<0.005, 170 mRNA transcripts were differentially expressed between short day- and long day-housed cats. Of the 170 transcripts highlighted, 25 annotated transcripts were up-regulated, while 116 annotated transcripts were down-regulated by long days. Another 29 un-annotated transcripts (name and function not known) were also different between groups. In general, adipose tissue of long day-housed cats had greater expression of genes involved with cholesterol trafficking, fatty acid synthesis and immune function, and lower expression of genes involved with cell cycle and growth, cell development and structure, and protein processing, when compared to short day-housed cats. Subcutaneous adipose tissue mRNA profiles of healthy adult neutered male cats exposed to short days (8 hr light: 16 hr dark) or long days (16 hr light: 8 hr dark) using Illumina sequencing.

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Variation of Leptin-Melanocortin Signaling Pathway Genes and Their Genetic Effects on Linear Body Measurement and Fatness

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