Project description:We report transcriptome profiling of middle internode tissues from four development stages and three soil moisture readings representing progressive drought stress in sweet sorghum. Sequencing of 14 libraries (two biological replicates for each stage). Each replicate yielded an average of 86 million reads per sample for developmental stages and drought stressed samples yielded an average of 74 million reads per sample .
Project description:We report transcriptome profiling of middle internode tissues from four development stages and three soil moisture readings representing progressive drought stress in grain sorghum. Sequencing of 14 libraries (two biological replicates for each stage). Each replicate yielded an average of 86 million reads per sample for developmental stages and drought stressed samples yielded an average of 74 million reads per sample .
Project description:Amino acid insertions and deletions (indels) are an abundant class of genetic variants. However, compared to substitutions, the effects of indels are not well understood and poorly predicted. Here we address this shortcoming by performing deep indel mutagenesis (DIM) of structurally diverse proteins. Indel tolerance is strikingly different to substitution tolerance and varies extensively both between different proteins and within different regions of the same protein. Although state of the art variant effect predictors perform poorly on indels, we show that both experimentally-measured and computationally-predicted substitution scores can be repurposed as good indel variant effect predictors by incorporating information on protein secondary structures. Quantifying the effects of indels on protein-protein interactions reveals that insertions can be an important class of gain-of-function variants. Our results provide an overview of the impact of indels on proteins and a method to predict their effects genome-wide.
Project description:We report transcriptome profiling of middle internode tissues from four development stages and three soil moisture readings representing progressive drought stress in sweet sorghum. Sequencing of 14 libraries (two biological replicates for each stage). Each replicate yielded an average of 86 million reads per sample for developmental stages and drought stressed samples yielded an average of 74 million reads per sample .
Project description:We performed whole genome re-sequencing to reveal the comprehensive genetic variation of the fruit development between kumquat (Fortunella japonica) and Clementine mandarin. Total 5,865,235 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 414,447 insertion/deletion (InDels) were identified in the two citrus species. Meanwhile, a total of 640,801 SNPs and 20,733 InDels were identified based on integrative analysis of genome and transcriptome of fruit. The variation feature, genomic distribution, functional effect and other characteristics of these genetic variation were explored. Total 1,090 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found during fruit development process of kumquat and Clementine mandarin by RNA-sequencing. Gene Ontology revealed that these genes were involved in various molecular functional and biological processes. Meanwhile, the genetic variation of 939 DEGs and 74 multiple fruit development pathway genes from previous reported were also identified. In addition, a global survey of genes splicing events identified 24,237 specific alternative splicing (AS) events in the two citrus species and showed that intron retention is the most prevalent pattern of alternative splicing.
Project description:Gene variants leading to insertions or deletions of amino acid residues (indels) often have detrimental consequences for the folding of the encoded protein. Yet at some positions indels are tolerated or only result in partial unfolding. Typically unfolded proteins are targeted for protein quality control (PQC) degradation via ubiquitin-proteasome system, which in yeast is mediated by specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, including Ubr1 and San1. Here we systematically probed the folding of a library of indel variants in the DHFR protein using sensitive yeast-based protein folding reporter. We show that deletion of Ubr1 and San1 leads to a greater fraction of folded DHFR indel variants, primarily positioned towards the N- and C-termini regions in DHFR. Intriguingly, most of the DHFR indels that are structurally stabilized in the E3 knockout strains, are also stabilized at lowered temperatures and upon binding the DHFR inhibitor methotrexate. This suggests that blocking PQC degradation can restore function to partially unfolded hypomorph variants, thus providing a potential therapeutic avenue for protein misfolding diseases.