ABSTRACT: An IRF8-dependent subset of classical dendritic cells (cDCs), termed DC1, effectively cross-primes CD8+ T cells and facilitates antitumor T cell responses. Etv6 is an ETS family transcription factor that controls hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function. We report that like HSPC, cDCs express Etv6 but not its antagonist ETS1, whereas interferon-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express both factors. Deletion of Etv6 in the bone marrow reduced the generation of DC1-like cells in vitro and the differentiation of DC1 in vivo, including the loss of signature marker CD8a. Global expression and chromatin profiling of Etv6-deficient DCs revealed impaired lineage identity of DC1, including the reduction of cDC signature and upregulation of pDC signature. Accordingly, DC-specific Etv6 deletion impaired CD8+ T cell cross-priming and tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responses. These results identify Etv6 as a regulator of DC1 differentiation and functional fitness that indirectly facilitates T cell cross-priming and antitumor immunity.
Project description:An IRF8-dependent subset of classical dendritic cells (cDCs), termed DC1, effectively cross-primes CD8+ T cells and facilitates antitumor T cell responses. Etv6 is an ETS family transcription factor that controls hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function. We report that like HSPC, cDCs express Etv6 but not its antagonist ETS1, whereas interferon-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express both factors. Deletion of Etv6 in the bone marrow reduced the generation of DC1-like cells in vitro and the differentiation of DC1 in vivo, including the loss of signature marker CD8a. Global expression and chromatin profiling of Etv6-deficient DCs revealed impaired lineage identity of DC1, including the reduction of cDC signature and upregulation of pDC signature. Accordingly, DC-specific Etv6 deletion impaired CD8+ T cell cross-priming and tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responses. These results identify Etv6 as a regulator of DC1 differentiation and functional fitness that indirectly facilitates T cell cross-priming and antitumor immunity.
Project description:The functional diversification of dendritic cells (DCs) is a key step in establishing protective immune responses. Despite the importance of this lineage diversity, its genetic basis is not fully understood. DC-SCRIPT (Zfp366) is a poorly known transcription factor expressed in conventional DCs (cDCs) and their committed bone marrow progenitors but not in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). We show that mice lacking DC-SCRIPT displayed substantially impaired development of IRF8-dependent conventional DC1 (cDC1), while cDC2 differentiated normally. The residual DC-SCRIPT-deficient cDC1s had impaired CD8+ T-cell cross-priming, which could be in part explained by the direct control of DC-SCRIPT on IL-12p40 production. Genome-wide mapping of DC-SCRIPT binding and gene expression analyses revealed a key role for DC-SCRIPT in maintaining cDC1 identity via the direct regulation of cDC1 signature genes, including Irf8. Our study reveals DC-SCRIPT to be a critical component of the gene regulatory program shaping the functional attributes of cDC1s.
Project description:The functional diversification of dendritic cells (DCs) is a key step in establishing protective immune responses. Despite the importance of this lineage diversity, its genetic basis is not fully understood. DC-SCRIPT (Zfp366) is a poorly known transcription factor expressed in conventional DCs (cDCs) and their committed bone marrow progenitors but not in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). We show that mice lacking DC-SCRIPT displayed substantially impaired development of IRF8-dependent conventional DC1 (cDC1), while cDC2 differentiated normally. The residual DC-SCRIPT-deficient cDC1s had impaired CD8+ T-cell cross-priming, which could be in part explained by the direct control of DC-SCRIPT on IL-12p40 production. Genome-wide mapping of DC-SCRIPT binding and gene expression analyses revealed a key role for DC-SCRIPT in maintaining cDC1 identity via the direct regulation of cDC1 signature genes, including Irf8. Our study reveals DC-SCRIPT to be a critical component of the gene regulatory program shaping the functional attributes of cDC1s.
Project description:The functional diversification of dendritic cells (DCs) is a key step in establishing protective immune responses. Despite the importance of this lineage diversity, its genetic basis is not fully understood. DC-SCRIPT (Zfp366) is a poorly known transcription factor expressed in conventional DCs (cDCs) and their committed bone marrow progenitors but not in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). We show that mice lacking DC-SCRIPT displayed substantially impaired development of IRF8-dependent conventional DC1 (cDC1), while cDC2 differentiated normally. The residual DC-SCRIPT-deficient cDC1s had impaired CD8+ T-cell cross-priming, which could be in part explained by the direct control of DC-SCRIPT on IL-12p40 production. Genome-wide mapping of DC-SCRIPT binding and gene expression analyses revealed a key role for DC-SCRIPT in maintaining cDC1 identity via the direct regulation of cDC1 signature genes, including Irf8. Our study reveals DC-SCRIPT to be a critical component of the gene regulatory program shaping the functional attributes of cDC1s. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Project description:The goal of this project was to characterize DCs from lymphopenic mice, like RAG (recombination activated gene) deficient mice and to examine the influence of mature B and T cells on the antigen presenting ability of splenic cDCs. We demonstrate how cellular cross-talk can shape the character and function of cDCs. Lymphopenic conditions, where splenic cDCs have to develop and differentiate, drastically change their character and their ability to cross-present soluble antigen. In this approach we sorted out two populations (CD8?+ and CD8?-) of splenic dendritic cells (DCs) from untreated WT, and RAG2-/- C57Bl/6 mice. The age of mice was between 8-10 weeks. Further we isolated RNA and performed microarray analysis. Each DCs population was repeated twice.
Project description:Characterization of proteins in extracellular vesicles (EV) from cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) of a clinically relevant pig model. Additionally, considering that priming stem cells with inflammatory stimuli may increase the therapeutic potential of released vesicles, here we studied the dynamic changes that take place in the EV from IFNγ-primed CDCs.
Project description:Emerging evidence emphasizes the important role of tumor neoantigen in generating the spontaneous antitumor immune response and predicting the clinical response to immunotherapies. Despite the presence of numerous neoantigens, complete tumor elimination rarely occurs in majority of patients due to failures in mounting a sufficient and lasting antitumor immunity. Here we show that the durable neoanitgen-specific immunity is regulated by a m6A-binding protein, Ythdf1. In contrast to wild-type mice, Ythdf1-deficient (Ythdf1-/-) mice generate more antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response for persistent tumor control. Loss of Ythdf1 in dendritic cell (DC) results in an enhanced cross-presentation of tumor antigen and cross-priming of CD8+ T cell in vivo. To confirm our observations, we performed RNA-Seq to analyze the transcriptional level of genes in DCs and performed RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP-seq) to locate the binding sites of Ythdf1.
Project description:Emerging evidence emphasizes the important role of tumor neoantigen in generating the spontaneous antitumor immune response and predicting the clinical response to immunotherapies. Despite the presence of numerous neoantigens, complete tumor elimination rarely occurs in majority of patients due to failures in mounting a sufficient and lasting antitumor immunity. Here we show that the durable neoanitgen-specific immunity is regulated by a m6A-binding protein, Ythdf1. In contrast to wild-type mice, Ythdf1-deficient (Ythdf1-/-) mice generate more antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response for persistent tumor control. Loss of Ythdf1 in dendritic cell (DC) results in an enhanced cross-presentation of tumor antigen and cross-priming of CD8+ T cell in vivo. To confirm our observations, we performed Ribo-Seq to analyze the translational efficiency of genes in DCs and performed m6A-seq to locate the m6A sites.
Project description:Emerging evidence emphasizes the important role of tumor neoantigen in generating the spontaneous antitumor immune response and predicting the clinical response to immunotherapies. Despite the presence of numerous neoantigens, complete tumor elimination rarely occurs in majority of patients due to failures in mounting a sufficient and lasting antitumor immunity. Here we show that the durable neoanitgen-specific immunity is regulated by a m6A-binding protein, Ythdf1. In contrast to wild-type mice, Ythdf1-deficient (Ythdf1-/-) mice generate more antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response for persistent tumor control. Loss of Ythdf1 in dendritic cell (DC) results in an enhanced cross-presentation of tumor antigen and cross-priming of CD8+ T cell in vivo. To confirm our observations, we performed Ribo-Seq to analyze the translational efficiency of genes in DCs and performed m6A-seq to locate the m6A sites.
Project description:Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a crucial role in orchestrating immune responses, especially against viral infections, and have traditionally been well recognized for their ability to produce type I and type III interferons. However, recent discoveries reveal pDCs to be heterogeneous with more complex functions that include antigen uptake, processing, and presentation. We investigated the antigen cross-presentation ability of pDCs and their role in CD8+ T cell priming, a subject of ongoing debate. Utilizing a novel culturing system of CD8+ T cells and autologous pDCs derived from human blood circulating CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (cHSPCs), we demonstrate that pDCs can efficiently prime CD8+ T cells through cross-presentation, thereby contributing to their expansion and cytotoxic activity. The pDCs’ antigen presentation ability is comparable to that of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), which are traditionally known for their efficient antigen presentation capacity. Bioinformatic analysis of the primed CD8+ T cells to uncover their transcriptomic profile following priming by pDCs versus moDCs, revealed distinct genetic signatures, indicating that pDCs prime CD8+ T cells differently than cDCs. These findings challenge the traditional view of pDCs as mere IFN-producing cells, highlighting their significant role in antigen presentation and T cell activation.