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Sex-specific gene regulation in malaria parasites by an AP2 Family Transcription Factor

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Plasmodium berghei ANKA

PROVIDER: GSE114096 | GEO | 2019/05/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Sex-specific gene regulation in malaria parasites by an AP2 Family Transcription Factor [Agilent]

Project description:Malaria gametocytes, the precursors of gametes, is the stage essential for malaria transmission to the mosquito vector. In the circulation they arise from asexual erythrocytic stages and then develop into mature females and males. Identification of sex-specific transcription factors is a key to understand biology of this stage. However, despite of intensive studies, none of them have been identified yet. In this paper we report an AP2 family transcription factor AP2-FG is responsible for female-specific gene expression.

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Sex-specific gene regulation in malaria parasites by an AP2 Family Transcription Factor

Project description:Sex-specific gene regulation in malaria parasites by an AP2 Family Transcription Factor

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Sex-specific gene regulation in malaria parasites by an AP2 Family Transcription Factor [Agilent]

Project description:Sex-specific gene regulation in malaria parasites by an AP2 Family Transcription Factor [Agilent]

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Sex-specific gene regulation in malaria parasites by an AP2 Family Transcription Factor [ChIP-Seq]

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Malaria parasite transcription repressor AP2-O3 regulates sex-specific identity of gene expression in female gametocytes

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

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Genome-Wide Identification of the Target Genes of AP2-O, a Plasmodium AP2-Family Transcription Factor.

Project description:Stage-specific transcription is a fundamental biological process in the life cycle of the Plasmodium parasite. Proteins containing the AP2 DNA-binding domain are responsible for stage-specific transcriptional regulation and belong to the only known family of transcription factors in Plasmodium parasites. Comprehensive identification of their target genes will advance our understanding of the molecular basis of stage-specific transcriptional regulation and stage-specific parasite development. AP2-O is an AP2 family transcription factor that is expressed in the mosquito midgut-invading stage, called the ookinete, and is essential for normal morphogenesis of this stage. In this study, we identified the genome-wide target genes of AP2-O by chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing and elucidate how this AP2 family transcription factor contributes to the formation of this motile stage. The analysis revealed that AP2-O binds specifically to the upstream genomic regions of more than 500 genes, suggesting that approximately 10% of the parasite genome is directly regulated by AP2-O. These genes are involved in distinct biological processes such as morphogenesis, locomotion, midgut penetration, protection against mosquito immunity and preparation for subsequent oocyst development. This direct and global regulation by AP2-O provides a model for gene regulation in Plasmodium parasites and may explain how these parasites manage to control their complex life cycle using a small number of sequence-specific AP2 transcription factors.

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Characterization of the APETALA2/Ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factor family in sunflower.

Project description:One of the most prominent families of genes in plants is the AP2/ERF which play an important role in regulating plant growth and responses to various stresses. In this research, a genome-wide survey was conducted to recognize the AP2/ERF genes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and a total of 288 HaAP2/ERF was obtained. Phylogenetic analysis divided them into four sub-families, including 248 ERF, 4 RAV and 35 AP2, and one subgroup of the Soloist family. Localization of chromosome, gene structure, the conserved motif, gene ontology, interaction networks, homology modeling, the modeling of cis-regulatory elements and the analysis of events in the duplication of genes were carried out for HaAP2/ERF genes. Finally, 9AP2/ERF genes were chosen to confirm the gene expression of the selected genes in leaf and root tissues in various abiotic stress conditions by qPCR. The results confirmed that AP2/ERFs genes could effectively resist abiotic stress. Also, proline content was studied under drought, salinity, cold and heat stress. The results indicated that proline was increased under abiotic stress. This research has been done for the first time to determine the HaAP2/ERF family, which prepared valuable data for the evolutionary and practical research regarding AP2/ERF in sunflower.

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Project description:The ERF-1 transcription factor was previously shown to be involved in the regulation of estrogen receptor (ER) gene transcription in hormonally responsive breast and endometrial carcinomas. In this study we sought to identify the gene for ERF-1. ERF-1 activates ER gene transcription by binding to the imperfect palindrome CCCTGCGGGG within the promoter of the ER gene. ERF-1 protein was purified from the ER-positive breast carcinoma cell line, MCF7, utilizing ion exchange and DNA affinity chromatography. Peptide sequence analysis was used to isolate a 2.7 kb cDNA clone from an MCF7 cDNA library. This cDNA encodes a protein of 48 kDa previously identified as the AP2gamma transcription factor. By gel-shift analysis, in vitro synthesized ERF-1 comigrates with MCF7 native ERF-1 complex and demonstrates identical sequence binding specificity as native ERF-1. In addition, AP2 polyclonal antisera supershifts both in vitro synthesized and native ERF-1 complexes. These results show that ERF-1 is a member of the AP2 family of developmentally regulated transcription factors. Given the central role of ER expression in breast carcinoma biology, ERF-1 is likely to regulate expression of a set of genes characteristic of the hormonally-responsive breast cancer phenotype.

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Erythroid cell-specific alpha-globin gene regulation by the CP2 transcription factor family.

Project description:We previously demonstrated that ubiquitously expressed CP2c exerts potent erythroid-specific transactivation of alpha-globin through an unknown mechanism. This mechanism is reported here to involve specific CP2 splice variants and protein inhibitor of activated STAT1 (PIAS1). We identify a novel murine splice isoform of CP2, CP2b, which is identical to CP2a except that it has an additional 36 amino acids encoded by an extra exon. CP2b has an erythroid cell-specific transcriptional activation domain, which requires the extra exon and can form heteromeric complexes with other CP2 isoforms, but lacks the DNA binding activity found in CP2a and CP2c. Transcriptional activation of alpha-globin occurred following dimerization between CP2b and CP2c in erythroid K562 and MEL cells, but this dimerization did not activate the alpha-globin promoter in nonerythroid 293T cells, indicating that an additional erythroid factor is missing in 293T cells. PIAS1 was confirmed as a CP2 binding protein by the yeast two-hybrid screen, and expression of CP2b, CP2c, and PIAS1 in 293T cell induced alpha-globin promoter activation. These results show that ubiquitously expressed CP2b exerts potent erythroid cell-specific alpha-globin gene expression by complexing with CP2c and PIAS1.

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