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Myc-mediated SDHA Acetylation Triggers Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression and Tumorigenesis

ABSTRACT: Trimethylated H3K4 (H3K4me3), which is often found surrounding the transcriptional start site of active genes, is strongly enriched in the promoter regions of Myc-targeted genes. Succinate, which inhibits JmjC domain-containing histone demethylases (JHDMs), can induce H3K4me3 level of the promoter regions. It's interesting to ask whether Myc can mediate H3K4me3 by inhibiting SDH activity and inducing cellular succinate level. Here, We used ChIP-seq to study Myc modulates H3K4me3 by altering succinate levels, dimethyl succinate (DMS), a membrane-permeable succinate analog, was introduced to treat P493-6 cells with high or depleted Myc expression. And we performed RNA-seq assays in Myc expressed or depleted P493-6 cells with or without DMS treatment. Besides, we also performed RNA-seq assays in Myc expressed or depleted P493-6 cells with or without 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA, SDH enzyme inhibitor) treatment.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE124255 | GEO | 2020/03/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Myc-mediated SDHA Acetylation Triggers Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression and Tumorigenesis.

Project description:Trimethylated H3K4 (H3K4me3), which is often found surrounding the transcriptional start site of active genes, is strongly enriched in the promoter regions of Myc-targeted genes. Succinate, which inhibits JmjC domain-containing histone demethylases (JHDMs), can induce H3K4me3 level of the promoter regions. It's interesting to ask whether Myc can mediate H3K4me3 by regulating cellular succinate level. Here, We used ChIP-seq to study Myc modulates H3K4me3 by altering succinate levels, dimethyl succinate (DMS), a membrane-permeable succinate analog, was introduced to treat CA46 cells with high or depleted Myc expression. And we also performed RNA-seq assays in Myc expressed or depleted CA46 cells with or without DMS treatment.

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SDHA/B reduction promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation by removing cullin1 NEDDylation and stabilizing YAP/TAZ

Project description:Background & Aims: Succinate dehydrogenase enzyme (SDH) is frequently found to be diminished in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient samples, and SDH reduction is associated with elevated succinate level and poor prognosis in HCC patients. But the underlying mechanisms about how impaired SDH activity promotes HCC malignancy remain unclear. Approach & Results: In this study, we observed remarkable downregulations of SDH subunits A and B (SDHA/B) in chronic liver injury-induced murine HCC models and HCC patient samples. Subsequent RNA sequencing, hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses of HCC samples revealed that Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) were significantly upregulated in HCC, with their levels inversely correlating with that of SDHA/B. The protein stability of YAP/TAZ was greatly enhanced in SDHA/B-depleted HCC cells along with accumulation of succinate. Further mechanistic analyses demonstrated that impaired activity of SDHA/B resulted in succinate accumulation which facilitated the removal of NEDDylation on cullin1, therefore disrupted the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCFβ-TrCP complex, consequently led to YAP/TAZ stabilization and activation in HCC cells. The accelerated in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth caused by SDHA/B reduction or succinate exposure were largely dependent on the aberrant activation of YAP/TAZ. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that SDHA/B reduction promotes HCC proliferation by preventing the proteasomal degradation of YAP/TAZ through modulating cullin1 NEDDylation, thus addicts SDH-deficient HCC cells to YAP/TAZ pathway and renders these cells vulnerable to YAP/TAZ inhibition. Our findings warrant further investigation on the therapeutic effects of targeting YAP/TAZ in HCC patients displaying reduced SDHA/B or elevated succinate levels.

2023-05-31 | GSE207147 | GEO

Selective transcriptional regulation by Myc in cellular growth control and lymphomagenesis [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:The c-myc proto-oncogene product, Myc, is a transcription factor that binds thousands of genomic loci. Recent work suggested that rather than up- and down-regulating selected groups of genes, Myc targets all active promoters and enhancers in the genome (a phenomenon termed "invasion") and acts as a general amplifier of transcription. However, the available data did not readily discriminate between direct and indirect effects of Myc on RNA biogenesis. We addressed this issue with genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA expression profiles during B-cell lymphomagenesis in mice, in cultured B-cells and fibroblasts. Consistent with long-standing observations, we detected general increases in total RNA or mRNA copies per cell (hereby termed "amplification") when comparing actively proliferating cells with control quiescent cells: this was true whether cells were stimulated by mitogens (requiring endogenous Myc for a proliferative response) or by deregulated, oncogenic Myc activity. RNA amplification and promoter/enhancer invasion by Myc were separable phenomena that could occur without one another. Moreover, whether or not associated with RNA amplification, Myc drove the differential expression of distinct subsets of target genes. Hence, while having the potential to interact with all active/poised regulatory elements in the genome, Myc does not directly act as a global transcriptional amplifier. Instead, our results imply that Myc activates and represses transcription of discrete gene sets, leading to changes in cellular state that can in turn feed back on global RNA production and turnover. Mapping c-Myc, RNAPII and H3K4me3, H3K4me1 and H3K27ac in four different models of Myc regulation Note: GEO Sample GSM894093 was used as input sample to generate processed data files P493.Myc.NoMyc.bed, P493.Myc.LowMyc.bed, P493.Myc.HighMyc.bed, P493.Myc.t1h.bed, P493.Myc.t24h.bed, P493.Pol2.NoMyc.bed, P493.Pol2.t24h.bed

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2016-01-22 | E-MTAB-4349 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Succinate dehydrogenase deficiency-driven succinate accumulation induces drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia via ubiquitin-cullin regulation

Project description:Drug resistance is vital for the poor prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Given the unique microenvironment of bone marrow, we reasoned that drug resistance of AML might rely on distinct microenvironment-associated metabolic processes. Here, we identified SDH deficiency and over-cumulative succinate as typical features in AML, with a marked function in causing the resistance of AML cells to a wide range of anti-cancer therapies. Mechanistically, succinate promoted the accumulation of oncogenic proteins in a manner that precedes transcriptional activation. This function was mediated by succinate-triggered upregulation of UBC12 phosphorylation, which impaired its E2 function in cullins neddylation. Notably, decreasing succinate levels by fludarabine could effectively restore the drug sensitivity of SDH-deficient AML PDX. Together, we uncover a novel function of succinate in driving drug resistance by regulating p-UBC12/cullin activity, and indicate reshaping succinate metabolism as a promising treatment for SDH-deficient AML.

2024-08-27 | GSE247623 | GEO

SDH deficiency-driven succinate accumulation dictates the drug resistance of AML through regulating p-UBC12/cullin activity

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Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-Complex II regulates skeletal muscle cellular respiration and fatigue but not muscle mass in genetically induced pulmonary emphysema [20 wk]

Project description:Skeletal muscle wasting and reduced oxidative capacity coexist in patients with COPD/pulmonary emphysema and are independently associated with higher mortality. Whether reduced respiration contributes to muscle atrophy in that setting remains unknown. We have previously shown that a mouse with genetically induced COPD/pulmonary emphysema recapitulates muscle dysfunction features present in patients’ muscles, including reduced expression and activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), which are partially reversed by genetic gain of SDH function. Previous research suggests that succinate accumulation, a by-product of SDH inhibition, can increase respiratory capacity of skeletal muscle. Here, we generated an inducible, muscle-specific SDH-C knockout mouse which demonstrates lower mitochondrial oxygen consumption and oxidative fibers’ contractility, associated with overall reduced exercise endurance. These changes are partially offset by mitochondrial complex I-dependent respiration, a respiratory pattern replicated in the muscles from the COPD/pulmonary emphysema genetic model. Moreover, while mice skeletal muscle SDH-C knockout causes an early succinate accumulation associated with a downregulated transcriptome, these changes do not correlate with the proteomic landscape; and animals muscle mass, fiber-type composition, and dry body mass constituents remain unaltered. We preset the first conditional, skeletal muscle-specific SDH-C knockout animal and demonstrate that while SDH-C regulates fibers respiration in genetically induced pulmonary emphysema, it does not control muscle mass.

2024-02-24 | GSE255635 | GEO

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-Complex II regulates skeletal muscle cellular respiration and fatigue but not muscle mass in genetically induced pulmonary emphysema [3 wk]

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Chromatin occupancy of key transcriptional regulators in P493-6 cells with various levels of c-Myc expression

Project description:P493-6 cells are immortalized human peripheral B cells that carry a conditional, tetracycline-regulated myc gene. We present ChIP-seq analysis of key transcritional regulators in P493-6 cells expressing various levels of c-Myc: 0hr (low c-Myc levels), 1hr (intermediate c-Myc levels), 24hr (very high c-Myc levels) and No Tet (steady-state c-Myc levels). Brd4, c-Myc, Max, Med1, RNAPII, and the chromatin modification H3K27Ac were profiled in P493-6 cells

2012-11-14 | E-GEOD-42262 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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