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Distinct fibroblast functional states drive clinical outcomes in ovarian cancer and are regulated by TCF21

ABSTRACT: Recent studies indicate that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous. However, little is known about CAF subtypes and the roles they play in cancer progression. Here we identify and characterize two CAF subtypes that coexist within high grade serous ovarian cancers: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-high (FH) CAFs resemble the classical myofibroblast-type CAF, whereas FAP-low (FL) CAFs possesses a preadipocyte-like molecular signature.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE126132 | GEO | 2020/05/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Distinct fibroblast functional states drive clinical outcomes in ovarian cancer and are regulated by TCF21

Project description:Recent studies indicate that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous. However, little is known about CAF subtypes and the roles they play in cancer progression. Here we identify and characterize two CAF subtypes that coexist within high grade serous ovarian cancers: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-high (FH) CAFs resemble the classical myofibroblast-type CAF, whereas FAP-low (FL) CAFs possesses a preadipocyte-like molecular signature.

2020-05-01 | GSE126131 | GEO

Functional heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts from human colon tumors shows specific prognostic gene expression signature

Project description:Tumor growth and metastasis is controlled by paracrine signaling between cells of the tumor microenvironment and malignant cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), are functionally important components of the tumor microenvironment. Although some steps involved in the cross-talk between these cells are known, there is still a lot that is not clear. Thus, the addition of, the consideration of microenvironment in the development of the disease, to the clinical and pathological procedures (currently admitted as the consistent value cancer treatments) could lay the foundations for the development of new treatment strategies to control the disease. Primary CAF cultures from 15 primary human colon tumors were established Their purity was evaluated by the expression of various epithelial and myofibroblast specific markers Co-culture assays of primary CAFs with different colon tumor cells were performed to evaluate pro-migratory CAF-derived effects on cancer cells CAF gene expression profiles were analyzed by microarray to identify deregulated genes in different pro-migratory CAFs

2013-10-30 | E-GEOD-51257 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Comparative single-cell genomics uncovers evolutionarily conserved features and therapeutic targets in triple-negative breast cancer fibroblasts

Project description:We performed scRNA-seq analysis of fibroblasts from murine and human TNBCs. We observed three CAF subtypes in mouse TNBC: two transcriptionally distinct CAFs that were found intermingled and adjacent to tumor cells, and distal CAFs that were located further away from tumor cells. All three CAFs appear to evolve from normal resident fibroblasts/pericytes by activation of Pdgf and Tgfb receptors in fibroblasts in parallel with reciprocal upregulation of ligands in tumor cells and other tumor microenvironment cells. Additionally, extracellular matrix, glycolytic and mitochondrial respiratory genes were strongly upregulated in all three CAFs. Murine pancreatic CAFs displayed matching subtypes. Human TNBCs displayed three analogous CAF subtypes, although only a subset of marker genes are conserved. Finally, the upregulation of specific extracellular matrix genes in different CAF subtypes provides a basis for developing selective CAF-targeted therapeutics.

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Differential proteomic profiling between Cancer Associated Fibroblasts and KRAS mutated cancer cell lines

Project description:Purpose Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key component of tumors. We aimed to profile the proteome of cancer cell lines representing three common cancer types (lung, colorectal and pancreatic) and a representative CAF cell line from each tumor type to gain insight into CAF function and identify new CAF biomarkers. Experimental Design We used isobaric labeling, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to evaluate the proteome of 9 cancer and 3 CAF cell lines. Functions of selected differentially expressed proteins in CAF cell lines were further investigated using siRNA and the expression levels of candidate novel CAF biomarkers were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 30 human tumor specimens. Results Of the 9460 proteins evaluated, functional enrichment analysis revealed N-glycan biosynthesis and extracellular membrane proteins to be upregulated in CAFs and not in cancer cells. 85 proteins had 16-fold higher expression in CAFs compared to cancer cells. These included previously known CAF markers like ACTA2, FAP and SDC2. Novel biomarkers overexpressed in CAFs were noted, including HSPB6 and PTGS1. SiRNA knockdown of these genes encoding these proteins did not reduce contractility in lung CAFs, suggesting they were not crucial to this function despite high expression. Immunohistochemical analysis of 30 tumor samples (10 lung, 10 colorectal and 10 pancreatic) showed HSPB6 and PTGS1 expression were restricted to the stroma. Conclusions An unbiased analysis of the differences in the proteome of cancer cells compared to CAFs revealed increased expression of HSPB6 and PTGS1 in CAFs.

2023-08-21 | PXD040360 | Pride

Comprehensive proteomic profiling of the differences between Cancer Associated Fibroblasts and KRAS mutated cancer cell lines

Project description:Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key component of tumors. We aimed to profile the proteome of cancer cell lines representing three common cancer types (lung, colorectal and pancreatic) and a representative CAF cell line from each tumor type to gain insight into CAF function and identify new CAF biomarkers. We used liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry to evaluate the proteome of 9 cancer and 3 CAF cell lines. Functions of selected differentially expressed proteins in CAF cell lines were studied using siRNA and expression of new CAF biomarkers identified in cell lines were studied by immunohistochemistry in 30 human tumor specimens. Of the 9460 proteins evaluated, functional enrichment analysis revealed N-glycan biosynthesis and extracellular membrane proteins to be upregulated in CAFs and not in cancer cells. 85 proteins had 16-fold higher expression in CAFs compared to cancer cells. These included previously known CAF markers like ACTA2, FAP and SDC2. Novel biomarkers overexpressed in CAFs were noted, including HSPB6 and PTGS1. SiRNA knockdown of these genes encoding these proteins did not reduce contractility in lung CAFs, suggesting they were not crucial to this function despite high expression. Immunohistochemical analysis of 30 tumor samples (10 lung, 10 colorectal and 10 pancreatic) showed HSPB6 and PTGS1 expression were restricted to the stroma. An unbiased analysis of the differences in the proteome of cancer cells compared to CAFs revealed increased expression of HSPB6 and PTGS1 in CAFs.

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Extracellular matrix targeted mRNA profiles of PKN2 KO/WT mouse pancreatic stellate cell lines (PSCs) treated with TGF-b or vehicle control

Project description:In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), differentiation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) into myofibroblast-like cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promotes fibrotic, therapy-resistant tumours. Conversely, suppression of CAFs can result in aggressive metastatic tumours. Here we show that the Rho-effector kinase protein kinase N2 (PKN2) is critical for PSC myofibroblast differentiation. Loss of PKN2 was associated with reduced PSC proliferation and contractility, retention of lipid droplets and decreased a-SMA stress fibres. PKN2 loss was also associated with a myofibroblast CAF to -like inflammatory CAF switch in the PSC matrisome signature both in vitro and in vivo. In spheroid co-cultures with PDAC cells, loss of PKN2 prevented PSC invasion but, counter-intuitively, promoted invasive cancer cell outgrowth. Further, deletion of PKN2 in the pancreatic stroma induced more locally invasive, orthotopic pancreatic tumours. Finally, we demonstrated that a PKN2KO PKN2 KO matrisome signature predicts poor outcome in pancreatic and other solid human cancers. Our data indicate that suppressing PSC myofibroblast differentiation function can limit important stromal tumour suppressive mechanisms, while promoting a switch to a cancer-supporting CAF phenotype.

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Disruption of pancreatic stellate cell myofibroblast phenotype promotes pancreatic tumour invasion.

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2024-02-16 | PXD049116 | Pride

Cancer-associated fibroblasts produce matrix-bound vesicles that influence endothelial cell function (part 5: pCAF1 proteome)

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