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Role of the mRNA-binding protein HuR in the global transcriptomic status of cells stimulated with electrophiles and oxidants

ABSTRACT: HuR has been implicated as a stress-responsive protein: cytoplasmic translocation of HuR is promoted by several small-molecule stressors, e.g., H2O2, arsenite, and the cyclopentenone prostaglandin A2 (PGA2), a Michael acceptor RES (Wang et al., 2000; Yang et al., 2004). Treatment with PGA2 also increases the affinity of HuR for p21 mRNA (Wang et al., 2000). Intrigued by these reports, we launched HuR-dependent gene-expression profiling studies in the presence and absence of small-molecule stress signals. HNE—a native RES with a reactive core chemically similar to that of PGA2—was selected as a representative bioactive RES (Jacobs and Marnett, 2009; Schopfer et al., 2011) and H2O2 was selected as a representative ROS. shHuR and shControl HEK293T cells were first generated and then treated with HNE or H2O2 under the conditions where cell viability is largely unaffected. We subsequently sequenced their RNA post ribosomal RNA (rRNA) depletion (see details below). Significant differential expression was evaluated with CuffDiff (Trapnell et al., 2013).

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE127444 | GEO | 2020/02/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Aim: To determine the effect of an AtrbohC mutation on the gene expression pattern in primary root tissue, to identify candidate genes acting downstream of AtrbohC, particularly any encoding antioxidant-related proteins, signal transduction components or proteins known to be required for normal root-hair development. Background: Root-hairs are a model system for investigating plant cell polarity. The root-hair mutant rhd2 (Schiefelbein and Somerville, 1990. Plant Cell, 2:235) has short hairs that burst at their tips, (Jones and Smirnoff, unpublished). RHD2 has been cloned and is identical to AtrbohC (L. Dolan, pers. comm.), which encodes a homologue of the superoxide-generating neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase catalytic subunit gp91phox (Torres et al., 1998. Plant J., 14:365). Superoxide rapidly dismutates to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), suggesting that the rhd2 phenotype may result from reduced H2O2 levels in root-hair cells. Low doses of exogenous antioxidants phenocopy the rhd2 root-hair phenotype in wild-type plants (Jones and Smirnoff, unpublished) further supporting a role for H2O2 in root-hair growth. Fluorescent dyes that detect H2O2 show distinct localisation patterns in growing root-hair cells, (Jones and Smirnoff, unpublished). H2O2 may be an important second messenger in plant cell signalling with proposed roles in the development of cotton fibres (Potikha et al., 1999. Plant Physiol., 119: 849) and in ABA-induced stomatal closure (Zhang et al., 2001. Plant Physiol., 126: 1438). In cultured Arabidopsis cells H2O2 induces gene expression, including that of a gp91phox homologue, (Desikan et al., 1998. J. Exp. Bot., 49: 1767; Desikan, et al., 2000. Free Rad. Biol. Med., 28: 773; Baxter-Burrell et al., 2002. Science, 296: 2026) and activates a MAP kinase cascade (Desikan et al., 1999. J. Exp Bot., 50: 1863). cDNA microarray technology has been used previously to examine the effects of H2O2 on gene expression during oxidative stress (Desikan et al., 2001. Plant Physiol., 127: 159). We wish to investigate the effects of H2O2 on gene expression during root development using the rhd2 mutant. We are currently determining the expression pattern of RHD2. By extracting RNA from the small region of the primary root (for wild-type and rhd2 plants grown in sterile conditions) where root hairs are growing we hope to enrich for root-hair RNAs. This may reveal candidate genes that could be examined more closely at the single-cell level. This approach will provide new insights into the role of H2O2 in root-hair development. Keywords: strain_or_line_design