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Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE135496 | GEO | 2020/06/17

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection.

Project description:Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of biofilm-associated prosthetic joint infection (PJI), resulting in considerable disability and prolonged treatment. It is known that host leukocyte IL-10 production is required for S. aureus biofilm persistence in PJI. An S. aureus bursa aurealis Tn library consisting of 1,952 non-essential genes was screened for mutants that failed to induce IL-10 in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which identified a critical role for bacterial lactic acid biosynthesis. We generated an S. aureus ddh/ldh1/ldh2 triple Tn mutant that cannot produce D- or L-lactate. Co-culture of MDSCs or macrophages with ddh/ldh1/ldh2 mutant biofilm produced substantially less IL-10 compared with wild-type S. aureus, which was also observed in a mouse model of PJI and led to reduced biofilm burden. Using MDSCs recovered from the mouse PJI model and in vitro leukocyte-biofilm co-cultures, we show that bacterial-derived lactate inhibits histone deacetylase 11, causing unchecked HDAC6 activity and increased histone 3 acetylation at the Il-10 promoter, resulting in enhanced Il-10 transcription in MDSCs and macrophages. Finally, we show that synovial fluid of patients with PJI contains elevated amounts of D-lactate and IL-10 compared with control subjects, and bacterial lactate increases IL-10 production by human monocyte-derived macrophages.

| S-EPMC7529909 | biostudies-literature

Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Using ChIP-seq we show that total H3Ac within ± 10,000 bp of all genomic transcription start sites was decreased by approximately two-fold in MDSCs recovered from mice infected with a triple mutant, unable to make lactate, compared to WT S. aureus.

2020-06-17 | GSE135494 | GEO

Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection [RNA-seq]

Project description:scRNA-seq of CD45+ leukocytes isolated from WT and triple mutant-infected mice identified several genes with concordant changes in H3Ac status and transcriptional expression.

2020-06-17 | GSE135495 | GEO

Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection

Project description:Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection

| PRJNA559090 | ENA

Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection [RNA-seq]

Project description:Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection [RNA-seq]

| PRJNA559093 | ENA

Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Lactate production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm inhibits HDAC11 to reprogramme the host immune response during persistent infection [ChIP-seq]

| PRJNA559092 | ENA

Loratadine inhibits Staphylococcus aureus virulence and biofilm formation.

Project description:There are no anti-virulence and anti-biofilm treatments for Staphylococcus aureus infection. We found that 25 μM loratadine inhibits S. aureus biofilm formation under static or flow-based conditions. Testing of loratadine effects on 255 clinical S. aureus strains with varying biofilm robustness showed inhibition of biofilm formation in medium and strong, but not weak, biofilm-producing strains. At 25 μM, loratadine reduced pigmentation and hemolysis of the bacteria without affecting growth. Loratadine (5 mg/kg) reduced mortality in S. aureus pulmonary infection model mice and acted synergistically with vancomycin to reduce pulmonary bacterial load and levels of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Loratadine analogues (side-chain carbamate moiety changed) inhibited biofilm formation, pigmentation, and hemolysis of S. aureus. Regarding mechanism, loratadine exposure reduced RNA levels of virulence-related S. aureus genes, and loratadine-induced mutations in MgrA reduced loratadine-MgrA binding. Overexpression of mutated mgrA in wild-type S. aureus decreased the biofilm formation inhibition effect of loratadine.

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Staphylococcus aureus exhibits heterogeneous siderophore production within the vertebrate host.

Project description:Siderophores, iron-scavenging small molecules, are fundamental to bacterial nutrient metal acquisition and enable pathogens to overcome challenges imposed by nutritional immunity. Multimodal imaging mass spectrometry allows visualization of host-pathogen iron competition, by mapping siderophores within infected tissue. We have observed heterogeneous distributions of Staphylococcus aureus siderophores across infectious foci, challenging the paradigm that the vertebrate host is a uniformly iron-depleted environment to invading microbes.

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Deinococcus radiodurans Exopolysaccharide Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation.

Project description:Deinococcus radiodurans is an extremely resistant bacterium against extracellular stress owing to on its unique physiological functions and the structure of its cellular constituents. Interestingly, it has been reported that the pattern of alteration in Deinococcus proportion on the skin is negatively correlated with skin inflammatory diseases, whereas the proportion of Staphylococcus aureus was increased in patients with chronic skin inflammatory diseases. However, the biological mechanisms of deinococcal interactions with other skin commensal bacteria have not been studied. In this study, we hypothesized that deinococcal cellular constituents play a pivotal role in preventing S. aureus colonization by inhibiting biofilm formation. To prove this, we first isolated cellular constituents, such as exopolysaccharide (DeinoPol), cell wall (DeinoWall), and cell membrane (DeinoMem), from D. radiodurans and investigated their inhibitory effects on S. aureus colonization and biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo. Among them, only DeinoPol exhibited an anti-biofilm effect without affecting bacterial growth and inhibiting staphylococcal colonization and inflammation in a mouse skin infection model. Moreover, the inhibitory effect was impaired in the Δdra0033 strain, a mutant that cannot produce DeinoPol. Remarkably, DeinoPol not only interfered with S. aureus biofilm formation at early and late stages but also disrupted a preexisting biofilm by inhibiting the production of poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG), a key molecule required for S. aureus biofilm formation. Taken together, the present study suggests that DeinoPol is a key molecule in the negative regulation of S. aureus biofilm formation by D. radiodurans. Therefore, DeinoPol could be applied to prevent and/or treat infections or inflammatory diseases associated with S. aureus biofilms.

| S-EPMC8739996 | biostudies-literature

Persistent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Host, Pathogen, and Treatment.

Project description:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a devastating pathogen responsible for a variety of life-threatening infections. A distinctive characteristic of this pathogen is its ability to persist in the bloodstream for several days despite seemingly appropriate antibiotics. Persistent MRSA bacteremia is common and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The etiology of persistent MRSA bacteremia is a result of the complex interplay between the host, the pathogen, and the antibiotic used to treat the infection. In this review, we explore the factors related to each component of the host-pathogen interaction and discuss the clinical relevance of each element. Next, we discuss the treatment options and diagnostic approaches for the management of persistent MRSA bacteremia.

| S-EPMC10044482 | biostudies-literature

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