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Project description:The immunological roles of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway are mediated via the canonical components in immune responses and via non-canonical components in immune organogenesis and homeostasis, although the two components are capable of crosstalk. Regulatory CD4 T cells (Tregs) are homeostatically functional and represent an interesting potential meeting point of these two NF-κB components. We show that mice deficient in the non-canonical NF-κB component gene Nfkb2 (p100) had normal thymic development and suppressive function of Tregs. However, they had enhanced frequencies of peripheral 'effector-phenotype' Tregs (eTregs). In bi-parental chimeras of wild-type (WT) and Nfkb2-/- mice, the Nfkb2-/- genotype was over-represented in Tregs, with a further increase in the relative prominence of eTregs. Consistent with distinct properties of eTregs, the Nfkb2-/- genotype was more prominent in Tregs in extra-lymphoid tissues such as liver in the bi-parental chimeras. The Nfkb2-/- Tregs also displayed greater survival, activation and proliferation in vivo. These Nfkb2-/- Tregs showed higher nuclear NF-κB activity mainly comprising of RelB-containing dimers, in contrast to the prominence of cRel- and RelA-containing dimers in WT Tregs. Since p100 is an inhibitor of RelB activation as well as a participant as cleaved p52 in RelB nuclear activity, we tested bi-parental chimeras of WT and Relb-/- mice, and found normal frequencies of Relb-/- Tregs and eTregs in these chimeric mice. Our findings confirm and extend recent data, and indicate that p100 normally restrains RelB-mediated Treg activation, and in the absence of p100, p50-RelB dimers can contribute to Treg activation.
| S-EPMC6761191 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We report here the transcriptome analysis of in-vitro stimulated WT, nfkb2-/-, Relb-/- and nfkb2-/-Relb-/- murine Treg cells
2018-01-31 | GSE108532 | GEO
Project description:Role of NF-kappaB2-p100 in regulatory T cell homeostasis and activation
| PRJNA559657 | ENA
Project description:The CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cell lineage comprises thymus-derived (t)Treg cells and peripherally induced (p)Treg cells. As a model for Treg cells, studies employ TGF-β-induced (i)Treg cells generated from CD4+ conventional T (Tconv) cells in vitro. Here, we describe the relationship of iTreg cells to tTreg and Tconv cells. Proteomic analysis revealed that iTreg, tTreg and Tconv cell populations each have a unique protein expression pattern. iTreg cells had very limited overlap in protein expression with tTreg cells, regardless of cell activation status and instead shared signaling and metabolic proteins with Tconv cells. tTreg cells had a uniquely modest response to CD3/CD28-mediated stimulation. As a benchmark, we used a previously defined proteomic signature that sets ex vivo naïve and effector phenotype Treg cells apart from Tconv cells and includes unique Treg cell properties (Cuadrado et al., Immunity, 2018). This Treg cell core signature was largely absent in iTreg cells. We also used a proteomic signature that distinguishes ex vivo effector Treg cells from Tconv cells and naïve Treg cells. This effector Treg cell signature was partially present in iTreg cells. In conclusion, iTreg cells are distinct from tTreg cells and share limited features with ex vivo Treg cells at the proteomic level.
2022-11-28 | PXD038302 | Pride
Project description:Long non-coding RNA, LIRIL2R was identified and confirmed to be differentially expressed in regulatory T cells by RNAseq. A role of LIRIL2R was studied in iTreg cells using multiple approaches. Data independent analysis proteomics revealed effects of LIRIL2R knock down in Treg cells. Loss of Treg signature proteins upon LIRIL2R knock down signified the its role in iTreg cell development and function.
2024-05-16 | PXD038477 | Pride
Project description:NF-kappaB Activation Model includes the activation of both NFKB1:RELA and NFKB2:RELB for Canonical and Non-Canonical Pathway respectively.
The model includes the pathway model integrated with post-translational modifications of NF-kB subunits that regulate the NFKB1:RELA and NFKB2:RELB activity. The processes that are regulated by NF-kB pathway can be monitored through following readouts NFKB1:RELA Activity, NFKB2:RELB Activity, Degraded RelA, Degraded RelB, Degraded IkB, Degraded NIK, Apoptosis, Tumour, Antiviral Activity, B Cell Growth and Cell Migration. However, last 5 processes above are also influenced by other pathways too, therefore while making predictions, caution has to be exercised.
2022-05-27 | MODEL2001290001 | BioModels
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cell activation and expansion during neonatal life and in response to inflammation are critical for immunosuppression, yet the mechanisms governing these events are incompletely understood. We report that the oncogene and transcriptional regulator c-Myc (Myc) controls immune homeostasis through regulation of Treg cell accumulation and functional activation. Myc activity is enriched in Treg cells generated during neonatal life and responding to inflammation. Myc-deficient Treg cells show cell-intrinsic defects in overall accumulation and ability to transition to an activated state during early life or acute inflammation. Consequently, loss of Myc in Treg cells results in a rapid, early-onset autoimmune disorder accompanied by uncontrolled effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. We also provide evidence that Myc regulates mitochondrial oxidative metabolism but is dispensable for fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Indeed, Treg cell-specific deletion of Cox10, which is required for oxidative phosphorylation, but not Cpt1a, the rate-limiting enzyme for FAO, results in impaired Treg cell function and maturation. Thus, Myc coordinates Treg cell accumulation, transitional activation and metabolic programming to orchestrate immune homeostasis. We used microarrays to compare the global transcription profiles of WT and Myc-null Treg cells.
2020-01-10 | GSE141499 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: To address whether FTH regulates gene expression in TREG cells, irrespective of bystander inflammation. For this, we compared the gene expression profile of TREG and Ex-TREG cells sorted from the lymph nodes of mixed BM chimeras Results: Using an optimized data analysis workflow, we mapped an average 30.14 million sequence reads per sample to the mouse genome (build mm39) and identified 34,321 transcripts in the mRNA of Treg and Ex-Treg cells from mixed bone marrow chimeras. Differential gene expression was performed using the DESeq2 R package (v.1.32) and gene expression was modeled by genotype and condition. Differentially expressed genes were considered for genes with an adjusted p-value<0.05 and an absolute log2 fold change>0. Conclusions: Analysis of RNAseq data showed that Fth deletion in TREG cells (CD45.2+GFP+tdT+) developing from the BM of Foxp3GFP-Fth∆/∆-tdT mice, up-regulated 149 genes and down-regulation of 96 genes, compared to TREG cells from control Foxp3GFP-tdT mice. Ex-TREG cells (CD45.2+GFP-tdT+) up-regulated 90 genes and down-regulated 36 genes. The genes regulated in TREG and ex-TREG cells originating from the BM of Foxp3GFP-Fth∆/∆-tdT vs. Foxp3GFP-tdT mice were associated with the oxidative stress response regulated by NRF2 . This suggests that FTH exerts cell-autonomous control of TREG cell redox homeostasis, irrespective of bystander inflammation.
2024-01-29 | GSE226032 | GEO
Project description:The ability of Treg-cells to produce interleukin-10 (IL-10) is important for the limitation of inflammation at environmental interfaces like colon or lung. Under steady state conditions, however, only few Treg-cells produce IL-10 ex vivo. To investigate the origin and fate of IL-10 producing Tregcells we used a superagonistic mouse anti-mouse CD28 mAb (CD28SA) for polyclonal in vivo stimulation of Treg-cells, which not only led to numeric expansion but also to a dramatic increase in IL- 10 production. IL-10 secreting Treg-cells strongly upregulated surface receptors associated with suppressive function, and had higher but IL-10 independent, in vitro suppressive capacity than nonproducing Treg-cells. Furthermore, polyclonally expanding Treg-cells shifted their migration receptor pattern after activation from a lymph node-seeking to an inflammation-seeking phenotype, explaining the preferential recruitment of IL-10 producers to sites of ongoing immune responses. Finally, we observed that IL-10 producing Treg-cells from CD28SA stimulated mice were more apoptosis-prone in vitro than their IL-10 negative counterparts. These findings support a model where prolonged activation of Treg-cells results in terminal differentiation towards an IL-10 producing effector phenotype associated with a limited lifespan, implicating built-in termination of immunosuppression. total samples analysed are 4
2013-08-10 | E-GEOD-41492 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathway plays a critical role in a variety of biological functions including chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis. Activation of noncanonical NF-κB signaling largely relies on the abundance as well as the processing of the NF-κB family member p100/p52. Here, TRIM14 is identified as a novel positive regulator of the noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathway. TRIM14 promotes noncanonical NF-κB activation by targeting p100/p52 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, a mechanistic study shows that TRIM14 recruits deubiquitinase USP14 to cleave the K63-linked ubiquitin chains of p100/p52 at multiple sites, thereby preventing p100/p52 from cargo receptor p62-mediated autophagic degradation. TRIM14 deficiency in mice significantly impairs noncanonical NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses as well as acute colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer development. Taken together, these findings establish the TRIM14-USP14 axis as a crucial checkpoint that controls noncanonical NF-κB signaling and highlight the crosstalk between autophagy and innate immunity.
| S-EPMC6947505 | biostudies-literature