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Comprehensive mapping of SARS-CoV-2 interactions in vivo reveals virus-snoRNA interactions

ABSTRACT: SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is one of the largest RNA viruses (26-32kb) and has emerged as a major threat to global public health. The resulting pandemic has caused global societal and economic disruptions. Here, we investigate the intramolecular and intermolecular RNA interactions of wildtype and a 382 deletion SARS-CoV-2 virus inside cells. We identified twelve potentially functional structural elements along the SARS-CoV-2 genome and observed that subgenomic viral RNA (sgRNAs) contains different structures that could be important for their functions using direct RNA sequencing. Proximity ligation sequencing experiments identified hundreds of intramolecular and intermolecular pair-wise interactions within the virus genome and between virus and host cellular RNAs. SARS-CoV-2 binds strongly to mitochondrial and nucleolar RNAs including COX1 and SNORD27, and contains 130 2’O-methylation sites along its genome. 2’O-methylation sites along the virus RNA are enriched in the UTRs and associated with increased pair-wise interactions. SARS-CoV-2 infection also results in a global decrease of 2’O-methylation sites on host mRNAs, suggesting that binding of SARS-CoV-2 to snoRNAs could be a pro-viral mechanism to sequester methylation machinery away from host RNAs to methylate the virus genome. Collectively, these studies deepen our understanding of the molecular basis of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity, its cellular host factors and provides a platform for targeting the virus.

ORGANISM(S): Chlorocebus

PROVIDER: GSE165005 | GEO | 2021/07/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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