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ORE15, a PLATZ transcription factor, determines root meristem size by modulating auxin and cytokinin signaling

ABSTRACT: An optimal size of postembryonic root apical meristem (RAM) is achieved by a balance between cell division and differentiation. Despite extensive research, molecular mechanisms underlying the spatiotemporal coordination of cell division and differentiation remain largely unknown. Here, we report that ORESARA 15 (ORE15), an Arabidopsis PLATZ transcription factor preferentially expressed in the RAM, determines RAM size. The primary root length, RAM size, cell division rate, and stem cell niche activity were reduced in an ore15 loss-of-function mutant but enhanced in an activation-tagged line overexpressing ORE15 compared with the wild type. We further demonstrate that ORE15 regulates auxin transport and distribution, at least partly, by modulating the expression and localization of the auxin importer AUXIN RESISTANT 1 (AUX1). ORE15 forms mutually positive and negative feedback loops with auxin and cytokinin signaling, respectively. Collectively, our findings imply that ORE15 controls the RAM size by mediating the antagonistic interaction between auxin and cytokinin.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE171143 | GEO | 2024/03/08

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:This model is from the article: The influence of cytokinin-auxin cross-regulation on cell-fate determination in Arabidopsis thaliana root development Muraro D, Byrne H, King J, Voss U, Kieber J, Bennett M. J Theor Biol.2011 Aug 21;283(1):152-67. PMID: 21640126, Abstract: Root growth and development in Arabidopsis thaliana are sustained by a specialised zone termed the meristem, which contains a population of dividing and differentiating cells that are functionally analogous to a stem cell niche in animals. The hormones auxin and cytokinin control meristem size antagonistically. Local accumulation of auxin promotes cell division and the initiation of a lateral root primordium. By contrast, high cytokinin concentrations disrupt the regular pattern of divisions that characterises lateral root development, and promote differentiation. The way in which the hormones interact is controlled by a genetic regulatory network. In this paper, we propose a deterministic mathematical model to describe this network and present model simulations that reproduce the experimentally observed effects of cytokinin on the expression of auxin regulated genes. We show how auxin response genes and auxin efflux transporters may be affected by the presence of cytokinin. We also analyse and compare the responses of the hormones auxin and cytokinin to changes in their supply with the responses obtained by genetic mutations of SHY2, which encodes a protein that plays a key role in balancing cytokinin and auxin regulation of meristem size. We show that although shy2 mutations can qualitatively reproduce the effect of varying auxin and cytokinin supply on their response genes, some elements of the network respond differently to changes in hormonal supply and to genetic mutations, implying a different, general response of the network. We conclude that an analysis based on the ratio between these two hormones may be misleading and that a mathematical model can serve as a useful tool for stimulate further experimental work by predicting the response of the network to changes in hormone levels and to other genetic mutations.

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ORE15, a PLATZ transcription factor, determines root meristem size by modulating auxin and cytokinin signaling

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