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Type I interferon activates MHC class I-dressed CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells to promote protective anti-tumor CD8+ T cell immunity

ABSTRACT: Tumor-infiltrating antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DC), have the capacity to shape anti-tumor T cell responses. While tremendous progress has been made in unraveling the role of Batf3-driven DC1 in the anti-tumor immune response, the contributions of other tumor-infiltrating DC subsets remain poorly understood. Furthermore, tumor-infiltrating DC exist in a range of functional states with differential impacts on anti-tumor immunity. In this study, we sought to identify and characterize the functionally relevant DC states associated with a productive anti-tumor T cell response. By comparing the DC infiltrate of spontaneously regressing tumors and progressing tumors, we identified a novel activation state of CD11b+ conventional DC in tumors, which expressed an interferon-stimulated gene signature (‘ISG+ DC’). ISG+ DC were activated by type-I-interferon-induced signaling and could generate protective CD8+ T cell responses by cross-dressing with tumor-derived peptide-MHC complexes. Stimulatory ISG+ DC induced by exogenous IFNβ addition drove robust anti-tumor T cell responses in poorly immunogenic tumors even in the absence of DC1.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE181938 | GEO | 2022/01/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Type I interferon activates MHC class I-dressed CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells to promote protective anti-tumor CD8+ T cell immunity

Project description:Tumor-infiltrating antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DC), have the capacity to shape anti-tumor T cell responses. While tremendous progress has been made in unraveling the role of Batf3-driven DC1 in the anti-tumor immune response, the contributions of other tumor-infiltrating DC subsets remain poorly understood. Furthermore, tumor-infiltrating DC exist in a range of functional states with differential impacts on anti-tumor immunity. In this study, we sought to identify and characterize the functionally relevant DC states associated with a productive anti-tumor T cell response. By comparing the DC infiltrate of spontaneously regressing tumors and progressing tumors, we identified a novel activation state of CD11b+ conventional DC in tumors, which expressed an interferon-stimulated gene signature (‘ISG+ DC’). ISG+ DC were activated by type-I-interferon-induced signaling and could generate protective CD8+ T cell responses by cross-dressing with tumor-derived peptide-MHC complexes. Stimulatory ISG+ DC induced by exogenous IFNβ addition drove robust anti-tumor T cell responses in poorly immunogenic tumors even in the absence of DC1.

2022-01-13 | GSE151990 | GEO

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Transcription factor Etv6 controls functional differentiation of cross-presenting classical dendritic cells [RNA-Seq]

Project description:An IRF8-dependent subset of classical dendritic cells (cDCs), termed DC1, effectively cross-primes CD8+ T cells and facilitates antitumor T cell responses. Etv6 is an ETS family transcription factor that controls hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function. We report that like HSPC, cDCs express Etv6 but not its antagonist ETS1, whereas interferon-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express both factors. Deletion of Etv6 in the bone marrow reduced the generation of DC1-like cells in vitro and the differentiation of DC1 in vivo, including the loss of signature marker CD8a. Global expression and chromatin profiling of Etv6-deficient DCs revealed impaired lineage identity of DC1, including the reduction of cDC signature and upregulation of pDC signature. Accordingly, DC-specific Etv6 deletion impaired CD8+ T cell cross-priming and tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responses. These results identify Etv6 as a regulator of DC1 differentiation and functional fitness that indirectly facilitates T cell cross-priming and antitumor immunity.

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Transcription factor Etv6 controls functional differentiation of cross-presenting classical dendritic cells [ATAC-Seq]

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2023-05-11 | PXD035002 | Pride

Single cell analysis informs efficient reprogramming of human somatic cells to dendritic cells type 1

Project description:Type-1 dendritic cells (DC1s) are critical cellular mediators of anti-tumor immunity, as their ability to prime CD8+ T-cells is crucial for response to checkpoint blockade and adoptive T-cell transfer. Vaccination strategies to harness this unique DC subset for immunotherapy have been limited by their rarity in peripheral blood and lack of homogeneous alternative cell sources. We have previously identified PU.1, IRF8 and BATF3 transcription factors (TF) as sufficient to induce DC1 program in mouse fibroblasts but reprogramming efficiency in human cells was low. Here, we investigated single-cell transcriptional dynamics during human DC1 reprogramming. Human induced DC1s (hiDC1s) generated from embryonic fibroblasts acquire global DC1 transcriptional profile and activate antigen presentation signatures. Interestingly, other DC subsets are not induced at the single cell level. We extracted gene modules associated with successful reprogramming and identified inflammatory signaling and the DC1 reprogramming TF network as key drivers of the process. Combining inflammatory cytokine signaling with TF constitutive overexpression lead to improved reprogramming efficiency by 190-fold. HiDC1s acquire the ability to uptake dead cells, respond to stimuli, secrete inflammatory cytokines and perform antigen presentation. Remarkably, intra-tumoral vaccination in mouse models increased infiltration of antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells, promoted a T-cell cytotoxic profile and conferred protection against tumor growth. Finally, we demonstrated efficient hiDC1 generation from human adult somatic cells including dermal fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells with a xeno-free protocol. These findings provide insights into human DC1 specification and reprogramming and represent a platform for generating patient-specific DC1s, a long-sought DC subset for cancer immunotherapy.

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Tumor mitochondrial DNA and antigen-loaded nanoparticles encapsulated with dendritic cell derived microvesicles elicits long lasting anti-tumor immune responses by activating the cGAS-STING pathway

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