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DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE193714 | GEO | 2022/01/17

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [DNA-Seq]

Project description:We generated iPS cells knock out (KO) for two Aicardi Goutières syndrome genes, TREX1 and RNASEH2b to model the disease in a human neurological context. However, it has been reported that after precise genome engineering human iPSCs may show severe alterations of the p53 gene. With the aim to evaluate the genome engeneering impact on the p53 pathway in the CRISPR-CAS9 knock out clones we verified integrity of the p53 genome sequence after gene editing.

2022-01-17 | GSE193712 | GEO

DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [RNA-Seq]

Project description:We generated iPS cells knock out (KO) for two Aicardi Goutières syndrome genes, TREX1 and RNASEH2b to model the disease in a human neurological context. Their transcriptomes were analyzed at several differentiation stages: iPSC-derived Neural Stem Cells, iPSC-derived proinflammatory astrocytes and iPSC-derived neurons. We then evaluated when and to which extent the AGS-related transcriptional alterations arised in all KO and WT cells.

2022-01-17 | GSE193711 | GEO

DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [scRNA-Seq]

Project description:The contribution of the different CNS cell types to Aicardi-Goutiéres Syndrome pathogenesis is still unclear. With the aim to elucidate how oligodendrocytes, neurons and astrocytes impact AGS human phenotype we interrogate transcriptomes of the different cell populations performing single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNASeq). We compared cells deriving from AGS patient-derived iPSC harboring mutations in TREX1 (AGS1) or RNASEH2B (AGS2) to healthy donor control (WT) cells differentiated into mixed neuronal/glial cell populations.

2022-01-17 | GSE193710 | GEO

DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome astrocytes.

Project description:Aberrant induction of type I IFN is a hallmark of the inherited encephalopathy Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), but the mechanisms triggering disease in the human central nervous system (CNS) remain elusive. Here, we generated human models of AGS using genetically modified and patient-derived pluripotent stem cells harboring TREX1 or RNASEH2B loss-of-function alleles. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis reveals that spontaneous proinflammatory activation in AGS astrocytes initiates signaling cascades impacting multiple CNS cell subsets analyzed at the single-cell level. We identify accumulating DNA damage, with elevated R-loop and micronuclei formation, as a driver of STING- and NLRP3-related inflammatory responses leading to the secretion of neurotoxic mediators. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of proapoptotic or inflammatory cascades in AGS astrocytes prevents neurotoxicity without apparent impact on their increased type I IFN responses. Together, our work identifies DNA damage as a major driver of neurotoxic inflammation in AGS astrocytes, suggests a role for AGS gene products in R-loop homeostasis, and identifies common denominators of disease that can be targeted to prevent astrocyte-mediated neurotoxicity in AGS.

| S-EPMC8916121 | biostudies-literature

DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes

Project description:DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes

| PRJNA797369 | ENA

DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [DNA-Seq]

Project description:DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [DNA-Seq]

| PRJNA797374 | ENA

DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [scRNA-Seq]

Project description:DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [scRNA-Seq]

| PRJNA797376 | ENA

DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [RNA-Seq]

Project description:DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome astrocytes [RNA-Seq]

| PRJNA797375 | ENA

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome

Project description:Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a genetically heterogeneous encephalopathy whose pathology is linked to an abnormal type I interferon response induced by self-derived nucleic acids. Data indicate that endogenous retroelements represent one source of interferon-stimulatory self-nucleic acid. No effective therapies are available for this disorder. In this pilot study involving patients with AGS due to mutations in TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B or SAMHD1 three nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) were administered over 12 months. Transcription profiling was done by RNA-seq.

2018-12-12 | E-MTAB-7087 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation and RNA:DNA hybrid accumulation in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome

Project description:Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a severe childhood inflammatory disorder that shows clinical and genetic overlap with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). AGS is thought to arise from the accumulation of incompletely metabolized endogenous nucleic acid species owing to mutations in nucleic acid degrading enzymes TREX1 (AGS1), RNase H2 (AGS2, 3 and 4) and SAMHD1 (AGS5). However, the identity and source of such immunogenic nucleic acid species remain undefined. Using genome-wide approaches, we show that fibroblasts from AGS patients with AGS1-5 mutations are burdened by excessive loads of RNA:DNA hybrids. Using MethylC-seq, we show that AGS fibroblasts display pronounced and global loss of DNA methylation and demonstrate that AGS-specific RNA:DNA hybrids often occur within DNA hypomethylated regions. Altogether, our data suggest that RNA:DNA hybrids may represent a common immunogenic form of nucleic acids in AGS and provide the first evidence of epigenetic perturbations in AGS, furthering the links between AGS and SLE.

2015-07-17 | GSE57353 | GEO

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