Repressive and active histone methylation mark distinct promoters in human and mouse spermatozoa
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE19892 | GEO | 2010/05/16
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA122035
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:In higher eukaryotes, histone methylation is involved in the maintenance of cellular identity during somatic development. During spermatogenesis, Since most nucleosomes are replaced by protamines during spermatogenesis . Iit is therefore unclear whether if histone modifications function in paternal transmission of epigenetic information. Here we show that H3K4 di-methylation (H3K4me2) and H3K27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3), two modifications important for Trithorax and Polycomb-mediated gene regulation, display methylation-specific distributions at regulatory regions in human spermatozoa. H3K4 dimethylation H3K4me2-marksed promoters of genes relevant control gene functions in spermatogenesis and cellular homeostasis suggesting that this mark reflects germline transcription. In contrast, H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) marks promoters of key developmental regulators in sperm like in somatic cells. Promoters of orthologous genes are similarly modified in mouse spermatozoa. Further, particularly genes with extensive H3K27me3 coverage around transcriptional start sites are never expressed during male and female gametogenesis, nor in pre-implantation embryos. These data are compatible with a function for Polycomb in repressing somatic determinants across generations. Importantly, however, we observe only modest selective retention of nucleosomes at regulatory regions in human sperm suggesting that paternal transmission of H3K27me3-encoded epigenetic information may be subjected to variegation.
2010-05-16 | GSE19889 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE13863: Repressive and active histone methylation mark distinct promoters in human and mouse spermatozoa (Nimblegen) GSE19889: Repressive and active histone methylation mark distinct promoters in human and mouse spermatozoa (Illumina) Refer to individual Series
2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-19892 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In higher eukaryotes, histone methylation is involved in the maintenance of cellular identity during somatic development. During spermatogenesis, most nucleosomes are replaced by protamines. Therefore, it is unclear if histone modifications function in paternal transmission of epigenetic information. Here we show that active H3K4 di-methylation (H3K4me2) and repressive H3K27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3), two modifications important for Trithorax and Polycomb-mediated gene regulation, are present in chromatin of human spermatozoa and show methylation-specific distributions at regulatory regions. H3K4me2-marked promoters control gene functions in spermatogenesis and cellular homeostasis suggesting that this mark reflects germline transcription. In contrast, H3K27me3 marks promoters of key developmental regulators in sperm as in soma. Many H3K27me3-marked genes are never expressed in the male and female germline, and in early “totipotent” embryos, suggesting a function for Polycomb in repressing somatic determinants across generations. Targets of H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 are also modified in mouse spermatozoa, implicating an evolutionary conserved role for histone methylation in chromatin inheritance via the male germline. Chromatin immuno precipitation (ChIP) was performed on sperm samples obtained from 9 normospermic donors. DNA associated with H3K4me2 or H3K27me3 was precipitated using specific antibodies. Input and precipitated DNA were amplified and hybridized to a tiling microarray (NimbleGen Systems Inc.) representing 18029 promoter regions (2200bp upstream to 500bp downstream of transcription start sites) of all RefSeq annotated human genes. For each modification 3 independent ChIP experiments were performed of which one was hybridized in a dye swap configuration.
2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-13863 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In higher eukaryotes, histone methylation is involved in the maintenance of cellular identity during somatic development. During spermatogenesis, Since most nucleosomes are replaced by protamines during spermatogenesis . Iit is therefore unclear whether if histone modifications function in paternal transmission of epigenetic information. Here we show that H3K4 di-methylation (H3K4me2) and H3K27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3), two modifications important for Trithorax and Polycomb-mediated gene regulation, display methylation-specific distributions at regulatory regions in human spermatozoa. H3K4 dimethylation H3K4me2-marksed promoters of genes relevant control gene functions in spermatogenesis and cellular homeostasis suggesting that this mark reflects germline transcription. In contrast, H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) marks promoters of key developmental regulators in sperm like in somatic cells. Promoters of orthologous genes are similarly modified in mouse spermatozoa. Further, particularly genes with extensive H3K27me3 coverage around transcriptional start sites are never expressed during male and female gametogenesis, nor in pre-implantation embryos. These data are compatible with a function for Polycomb in repressing somatic determinants across generations. Importantly, however, we observe only modest selective retention of nucleosomes at regulatory regions in human sperm suggesting that paternal transmission of H3K27me3-encoded epigenetic information may be subjected to variegation. Identification of nucleosome containing regions in 6 human sperm samples
2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-19889 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In higher eukaryotes, histone methylation is involved in the maintenance of cellular identity during somatic development. During spermatogenesis, most nucleosomes are replaced by protamines. Therefore, it is unclear if histone modifications function in paternal transmission of epigenetic information. Here we show that active H3K4 di-methylation (H3K4me2) and repressive H3K27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3), two modifications important for Trithorax and Polycomb-mediated gene regulation, are present in chromatin of human spermatozoa and show methylation-specific distributions at regulatory regions. H3K4me2-marked promoters control gene functions in spermatogenesis and cellular homeostasis suggesting that this mark reflects germline transcription. In contrast, H3K27me3 marks promoters of key developmental regulators in sperm as in soma. Many H3K27me3-marked genes are never expressed in the male and female germline, and in early “totipotent” embryos, suggesting a function for Polycomb in repressing somatic determinants across generations. Targets of H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 are also modified in mouse spermatozoa, implicating an evolutionary conserved role for histone methylation in chromatin inheritance via the male germline.
2010-05-16 | GSE13863 | GEO
Project description:The JAK2 tyrosine kinase is a critical mediator of cytokine-induced signaling. It plays a role in the nucleus, where it regulates transcription by phosphorylating histone H3 at tyrosine 41 (H3Y41ph). We used chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to massively parallel DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) to define the genome-wide pattern of H3Y41ph in human erythroid leukemia cells. Our results indicate that H3Y41ph is located at three distinct sites: (1) at a subset of active promoters, where it overlaps with H3K4me3, (2) at distal cis-regulatory elements, where it coincides with the binding of STAT5, and (3) throughout the transcribed regions of active, tissue-specific hematopoietic genes. Together, these data extend our understanding of this conserved and essential signaling pathway and provide insight into the mechanisms by which extracellular stimuli may lead to the coordinated regulation of transcription.
| S-EPMC3607218 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:CTCF and cohesinSA-1 are regulatory proteins involved in a number of critical cellular processes including transcription, maintenance of chromatin domain architecture, and insulator function. To assess changes in the CTCF and cohesinSA-1 interactomes during erythropoiesis, chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high throughput sequencing and mRNA transcriptome analyses via RNA-seq were performed in primary human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and primary human erythroid cells from single donors. RESULTS:Sites of CTCF and cohesinSA-1 co-occupancy were enriched in gene promoters in HSPC and erythroid cells compared to single CTCF or cohesin sites. Cell type-specific CTCF sites in erythroid cells were linked to highly expressed genes, with the opposite pattern observed in HSPCs. Chromatin domains were identified by ChIP-seq with antibodies against trimethylated lysine 27 histone H3, a modification associated with repressive chromatin. Repressive chromatin domains increased in both number and size during hematopoiesis, with many more repressive domains in erythroid cells than HSPCs. CTCF and cohesinSA-1 marked the boundaries of these repressive chromatin domains in a cell-type specific manner. CONCLUSION:These genome wide data, changes in sites of protein occupancy, chromatin architecture, and related gene expression, support the hypothesis that CTCF and cohesinSA-1 have multiple roles in the regulation of gene expression during erythropoiesis including transcriptional regulation at gene promoters and maintenance of chromatin architecture. These data from primary human erythroid cells provide a resource for studies of normal and perturbed erythropoiesis.
| S-EPMC4878738 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The aim of the project was to identify the global distribution of H3Y41ph and correlate its presence with the transcription factor STAT5 and the active histone modification H3K4me3. This was done in human erythroid leukaemia cells (HEL). HEL cells were treated with DMSO or a JAK2 inhibitor (TG101209) for 4 hours they were then crosslinked with formaldehyde and Chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed using antibodies against the proteins of interest. The DNA was then sequenced on the solexa platform. The analysis includes 7 samples: (1) H3Y41ph with DMSO, (2) H3Y41ph with TG101209, (3) STAT5 with DMSO, (4) STAT5 with TG101209, (5) IgG with DMSO, (6) H3K4me3 with DMSO, (7) independent replicate with H3Y41ph in DMSO
2013-04-15 | E-MTAB-1096 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Histone H3 di- and trimethylation on lysine 4 are major chromatin marks that correlate with active transcription. The influence of these modifications on transcription itself is, however, poorly understood. We have investigated the roles of H3K4 methylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by determining genome-wide expression-profiles of mutants in the Set1 complex, COMPASS, that lays down these marks. Loss of H3K4 trimethylation has virtually no effect on steady-state or dynamically-changing mRNA levels. Combined loss of H3K4 tri- and dimethylation results in steady-state mRNA upregulation and delays in the repression kinetics of specific groups of genes. COMPASS-repressed genes have distinct H3K4 methylation patterns, with enrichment of H3K4me3 at the 3'-end, indicating that repression is coupled to 3'-end antisense transcription. Further analyses reveal that repression is mediated by H3K4me3-dependent 3'-end antisense transcription in two ways. For a small group of genes including PHO84, repression is mediated by a previously reported trans-effect that requires the antisense transcript itself. For the majority of COMPASS-repressed genes, however, it is the process of 3'-end antisense transcription itself that is the important factor for repression. Strand-specific qPCR analyses of various mutants indicate that this more prevalent mechanism of COMPASS-mediated repression requires H3K4me3-dependent 3'-end antisense transcription to lay down H3K4me2, which seems to serve as the actual repressive mark. Removal of the 3'-end antisense promoter also results in derepression of sense transcription and renders sense transcription insensitive to the additional loss of SET1. The derepression observed in COMPASS mutants is mimicked by reduction of global histone H3 and H4 levels, suggesting that the H3K4me2 repressive effect is linked to establishment of a repressive chromatin structure. These results indicate that in S. cerevisiae, the non-redundant role of H3K4 methylation by Set1 is repression, achieved through promotion of 3'-end antisense transcription to achieve specific rather than global effects through two distinct mechanisms.
| S-EPMC3447963 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mammalian cardiac myocytes (CMs) stop proliferating soon after birth and subsequent heart growth comes from hypertrophy, limiting the adult heart's regenerative potential after injury. The molecular events that mediate CM cell cycle exit are poorly understood. To determine the epigenetic mechanisms limiting CM cycling in adult CMs (ACMs) and whether trimethylation of lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9me3), a histone modification associated with repressed chromatin, is required for the silencing of cell cycle genes, we developed a transgenic mouse model where H3K9me3 is specifically removed in CMs by overexpression of histone demethylase, KDM4D. Although H3K9me3 is found across the genome, its loss in CMs preferentially disrupts cell cycle gene silencing. KDM4D binds directly to cell cycle genes and reduces H3K9me3 levels at these promotors. Loss of H3K9me3 preferentially leads to increased cell cycle gene expression resulting in enhanced CM cycling. Heart mass was increased in KDM4D overexpressing mice by postnatal day 14 (P14) and continued to increase until 9-weeks of age. ACM number, but not size, was significantly increased in KDM4D expressing hearts, suggesting CM hyperplasia accounts for the increased heart mass. Inducing KDM4D after normal development specifically in ACMs resulted in increased cell cycle gene expression and cycling. We demonstrated that H3K9me3 is required for CM cell cycle exit and terminal differentiation in ACMs. Depletion of H3K9me3 in adult hearts prevents and reverses permanent cell cycle exit and allows hyperplastic growth in adult hearts in vivo.
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