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Role of mitochondria in intestinal epithelial cells

ABSTRACT: We aimed to study the role of mitochondria in intestinal epithelial cells by generating and analyzing mice with tamoxifen-inducible intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific knockout of DARS2. DARS2 ablation caused severe mitochondrial dysfunction in IECs and resulted in suppression of epithelial cell proliferation and accumulation of lipids within large lipid droplets in enterocytes. To gain insight into the mechanism underlying the lipid processing defect, we used Lexogen 3' mRNA sequencing to compare the gene expression profiles of the proximal small intestine from mice with IEC-specific DARS2 knockout and control littermates at three days after tamoxifen induction, when the mice do not display yet lipid accumulation, and at seven days after tamoxifen induction, when enterocytes are filled with lipids.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE207803 | GEO | 2023/08/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Metabolic reprogramming is a typical feature of tumors, in which biological macromolecules and energy produced in abnormal metabolism meet the requirements of highly proliferative tumor cells and participate in multiple stages of tumor development. High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) is a structural transcription factor, which plays a carcinogenic role in regulating the transcription of oncogenes. Bioinformatics analysis showed that HMGA1 was overexpressed in human CRC. However, the mechanisms by which HMGA1 promotes the tumorigenesis of CRC remains unknown. Herein, we applied intestinal epithelium conditional knockout (Hmga1△IEC) and knock-in (Hmga1IEC-OE/+) mice of HMGA1 to induce CRC, and identified that HMGA1 promotes colorectal cancer growth by increasing lipid synthesis. Single-cell sequencing (scRNA seq) and immunohistochemical staining showed that HMGA1 was highly expressed in the epithelial cells of CRC. HMGA1 promoted the CRC cell proliferation and accelerated CRC development in HMGA1-knock-in (Hmga1IEC-OE/+) mice. Knockout of HMGA1 (Hmga1△IEC) in intestinal epithelial cells of mice reduced the lipid accumulation and inhibited the occurrence and development of CRC. We further characterized that HMGA1 upregulated the level of fatty acid synthase (FASN) through enhancing the transcriptional binding of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) to the promoter of FASN, leading to an increase in lipid synthesis in intestinal epithelial cells. High fat diet (HFD) aggravated the malignant progression of CRC in Hmga1△IEC mice and reversed the inhibitory effect of HMGA1 depletion on CRC. Administration Orlistat (50 mg/kg), an inhibitor of FASN-mediated lipid synthesis, into Hmga1-knock-in (Hmga1IEC-OE/+) mice markedly reduced lipid accumulation in intestinal epithelial cells and decreased the tumorigenesis of CRC. Taken together, our data suggest that HMGA1 promotes the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer by up-regulating FASN-mediated de novo fatty acid synthesis. Our findings provide strong evidence supporting therapeutic intervention of lipid accumulation for the prevention and treatment of CRC

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Role of mitochondria in intestinal epithelial cells

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