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Single-cell sequencing deconvolutes cellular responses to exercise in human skeletal muscle

ABSTRACT: Regular physical activity is a key concept associated with a variety of health-related outcomes and successful ageing. While many of the beneficial effects of physical activity are undisputed, much of the adaptive mechanisms that lead to these benefits are not yet known. The skeletal muscle is a key contributor to physical performance and is also the target organ for many of the adaptive processes associated with exercise. Skeletal muscle is highly plastic, and changes in physical activity lead to a plethora of adaptive processes that, when repeated over time, result in structural and functional adaptations. Here we use single cell sequencing in humans to outline the effects of physical activity on cellular composition and cell type-specific processes in skeletal muscle. We show that myogenic cells in human skeletal muscle can be divided into three groups characterized by different degrees of cell maturation, and that exercise stimulates subpopulation of undifferentiated stem/progenitor myogenic cells to mature toward slow- or fast-twitch fibers. The cell type-specific adaptive mechanisms induced by exercise presented here contribute to the understanding of the skeletal muscle adaptations triggered by physical activity and may ultimately have implications for physiological and pathological processes affecting skeletal muscle, such as sarcopenia, cachexia, and glucose homeostasis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE214544 | GEO | 2022/10/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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