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Novel epigenetic based differentiation therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia

ABSTRACT: Despite the development of novel therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), outcomes remain poor for most patients, and therapeutic improvements are an urgent unmet need. Although treatment regimens promoting differentiation have succeeded in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), their role in other AML subtypes needs to be explored. Here we identified and characterized two lysine (K) deacetylase inhibitors (DACi), CM-444 and CM-1758, exhibiting higher capacity to promote myeloid differentiation in all AML subtypes at low non-cytotoxic doses than commercial HDACi. Analyzing the acetylome after CM-444 and CM-1758 treatment revealed modulation of non-histone proteins involved in the enhancer–promoter chromatin regulatory complex, including bromodomain proteins (BRDs). This acetylation was essential for enhancing the expression of key transcription factors directly involved in the differentiation therapy provided by CM-444/CM-1758 in AML. In summary, these compounds may represent effective differentiation-based therapeutic agents across AML subtypes with a novel mechanism for treatment of AML.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE219230 | GEO | 2024/05/20

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Novel epigenetic based differentiation therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Project description:Despite the development of novel therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), outcomes remain poor for most patients, and therapeutic improvements are an urgent unmet need. Although treatment regimens promoting differentiation have succeeded in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), their role in other AML subtypes needs to be explored. Here we identified and characterized two lysine (K) deacetylase inhibitors (DACi), CM-444 and CM-1758, exhibiting capacity to promote myeloid differentiation in all AML subtypes at low non-cytotoxic doses unlike other commercial HDACi. Analyzing the acetylome after CM-444 and CM-1758 treatment revealed modulation of non-histone proteins involved in the enhancer–promoter chromatin regulatory complex, including bromodomain proteins (BRDs). This acetylation was essential for enhancing the expression of key transcription factors directly involved in the differentiation therapy induced by CM-444/CM-1758 in AML. In summary, these compounds may represent effective differentiation-based therapeutic agents across AML subtypes with a novel mechanism for treatment of AML.

2024-05-21 | GSE268008 | GEO

Novel epigenetic based differentiation therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Project description:We have identified and characterized two lysine (K) deacetylase inhibitors (DACi), CM-444 and CM-1758. These inhibitors demonstrate the ability to promote myeloid differentiation in all acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtypes at low, non-cytotoxic doses, setting them apart from other commercially available histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). Upon analysis of the acetylome following treatment with CM-444 and CM-1758, we observed modulation of non-histone proteins involved in the enhancer–promoter chromatin regulatory complex, including bromodomain proteins (BRDs). This acetylation is crucial for enhancing the expression of key transcription factors directly involved in the differentiation therapy induced by CM-444 and CM-1758 in AML. In summary, these compounds present promising potential as effective differentiation-based therapeutic agents across AML subtypes, offering a novel mechanism for the treatment of AML

2024-06-03 | PXD050623 | Pride

Modulation of tumor microenvironment by targeting histone acetylation in bladder cancer

Project description:Alterations in the epigenetic machinery in both tumor and immune cells contribute to bladder cancer (BC) development, constituting a promising target as an alternative therapeutic option. Here, we have explored the effects of a novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor CM-1758, alone or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in BC. We determined the antitumor effects of CM-1758 in various BC cell lines together with the induction of broad transcriptional changes, with focus on the epigenetic regulation of PD-L1. Using an immunocompetent syngeneic mouse model of metastatic BC, we studied the effects of CM-1758 alone or in combination with anti-PD-L1 not only on tumor cells, but also in the tumor microenvironment. In vitro, we found that CM-1758 has cytotoxic and cytostatic effects either by inducing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest in BC cells at low micromolar levels. PD-L1 is epigenetically regulated by histone acetylation marks and is induced after treatment with CM-1758. We also observed that treatment with CM-1758 led to an important delay in tumor growth and a higher CD8+ T cell tumor infiltration. Moreover, anti-PD-L1 alone or in combination with CM-1758 reprogramed macrophage differentiation towards a M1-like polarization state and increased of pro-inflammatory cytokines systemically, yielding potential further cooperative antitumor effects. Our results suggest the possibility of combining HDAC inhibitors with immunotherapies for the management of advanced metastatic BC.

2024-01-04 | GSE245122 | GEO

Expression profiling of myeloid leukemia cell treated with vibsanin A, PMA and ATRA

Project description:All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-based differentiation therapy has achieved success with the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, other subtypes of AML display resistance to ATRA-based treatment. Here, we demonstrate that a novel natural vibsane-type diterpenoid vibsanin A promotes the differentiation of myeloid leukemia cell lines and primary AML blasts. To reveal how vibsanin A function on promoting myeloid leukemia cell differentiation, we analyzed and compared the gene expression profiles in myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells treated with vibsanin A, PMA, and ATRA.

2016-02-28 | GSE78734 | GEO

Expression profiling of myeloid leukemia cell treated with vibsanine A, PMA and ATRA

Project description:All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-based differentiation therapy has achieved success with the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, other subtypes of AML display resistance to ATRA-based treatment. Here, we demonstrate that a novel natural vibsane-type diterpenoid vibsanine A promotes the differentiation of myeloid leukemia cell lines and primary AML blasts. To reveal how vibsanine A function on promoting myeloid leukemia cell differentiation, we analyzed and compared the gene expression profiles in myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells treated with vibsanine A, PMA, and ATRA. HL-60 cells were treated with vibsanine A, PMA and ATRA for 6 hours or longer up to 24 hours. Gene expression profiling was conducted

2016-02-28 | E-GEOD-78734 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Proteome dynamics of HL-60, NB4, and K562 cells under the ATRA treatment

Project description:Searching for new strategies of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment is of particular interest. Cell lines, e. g. HL-60 and NB4, represent model systems to study molecular features of leukemic cells. The all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) has proven itself to be an effective treatment for one of AML subtypes, i.e., acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). At the same time, ATRA causes granulocytic differentiation of non-APL leukemic cells in vitro. Combination of new therapeutics with ATRA could improve efficiency of treatment. Studying the proteome perturbation in leukemic cells under the ATRA treatment allows to determine potential regulatory molecules that could be affected pharmacologically. Thus, the TMT-based proteomic profiles of HL-60, NB4, and K562 cell lines under the ATRA treatment were obtained at 0, 3, 12, 24, and 72 h after the ATRA treatment.

2024-06-23 | PXD050317 | Pride

Epigenetic Control over IFN Type-I Response antagonizes self-renewal in acute myeloid leukemia

Project description:Large biological heterogeneity hallmarks acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and substantially hampers development of novel comprehensive therapies. While all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) revolutionized therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia, its impact on other AML subtypes remained largely disappointing. Here we show for the first time that ATRA mediated phosphorylation of the histone demethylase PHF8 induces apoptosis of AML cells of different subtypes via regulation of viral mimicry and subsequent initiation of interferon (IFN) type-I response. Phospho-PHF8 conferred H3K9me2 demethylation at promoter sites of key initiators of cell-intrinsic immune response. Multiomics based analyses revealed activation of cytosolic RNA sensors as key step towards NF-κB driven IFN type-I mediated apoptosis. Epigenetic changes directed by PHF8 also induced a specific proteosome pathway controlling NF-κB activity after its initial activation. Hence, PHF8 orchestrates viral mimicry, triggering IFN type-I response-differentiation-apoptotic network in a broad spectrum of AML when activated by ATRA. Forced phosphorylation of PHF8 via combination treatment with ATRA and simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of PHF8 dephosphorylation significantly impaired growth of human AML. Our findings finally open the gate for successful application of ATRA-based combination therapies in AML.

2024-06-22 | PXD035635 | Pride

The Proteogenomic Subtypes of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive blood cancer with poor prognosis. We performed a comprehensive proteogenomic analysis of bone-marrow biopsies from 252 uniformly treated AML patients to elucidate the molecular pathophysiology of AML in order to inform future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In addition to in-depth quantitative proteomics, our analysis included cytogenetic and mutation profiling, and RNA sequencing. This identified five proteomic AML subtypes, each reflecting specific biological features spanning genomic boundaries. Two of these subtypes were correlated with patient outcome, but none exclusively associated with specific genomic aberrations. Remarkably, one subtype (Mito-AML), which was only captured in the proteome, was characterized by high expression of mitochondrial proteins and showed poor outcome, with reduced remission rate and shorter overall survival upon treatment with intensive induction chemotherapy. Functional analyses revealed that Mito-AML is metabolically wired towards stronger complex Idependent respiration and is more responsive to treatment with the BCL2-inhibitor venetoclax.

2022-03-08 | PXD028007 | Pride

Targeting miR-126 in inv(16) acute myeloid leukemia inhibits leukemia development and leukemia stem cell maintenance

Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) harboring inv(16)(p13q22) expresses high levels of miR-126. Here we show that the CBFB-MYH11 (CM) fusion gene upregulates miR-126 expression through aberrant miR-126 transcription and perturbed miR-126 biogenesis via the HDAC8/RAN-XPO5-RCC1 axis. Aberrant miR-126 upregulation promotes survival of leukemia-initiating progenitors and is critical for initiating and maintaining CM-driven AML. We show that miR-126 enhances MYC activity through the SPRED1/PLK2-ERK-MYC axis. Notably, genetic deletion of miR-126 significantly reduced AML rate and extended survival in CM knock-in mice. Therapeutic depletion of miR-126 with an anti-miR-126 (miRisten) inhibited AML cell survival, reduced leukemia burden and leukemia stem cell (LSC) activity in inv(16) AML murine and xenograft models. Combination of miRisten with chemotherapy further enhanced the anti-leukemia and anti-LSC activity. Overall, this study provides molecular insights for the mechanism and impact of miR-126 dysregulation in leukemogenesis and highlights the potential of miR-126 depletion as a new therapeutic approach for inv(16) AML.

2021-09-15 | GSE184015 | GEO

Agonistic targeting of TLR1/TLR2 induces p38 MAPK-dependent apoptosis and NfkB-dependent differentiation of AML cells

Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor survival and there is a strong need to identify disease vulnerabilities that might reveal new treatment opportunities. Here, we found that Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and TLR2 are upregulated on primary AML CD34+CD38- cells relative to corresponding normal bone marrow cells. Activating the TLR1/TLR2 complex by the agonist Pam3CSK4 in MLL-AF9 driven human AML, resulted in induction of apoptosis by p38 MAPK-dependent activation of Caspase 3 and myeloid differentiation in a NFκB-dependent manner. By using murine Trp53-/- MLL-AF9 AML cells, we demonstrate that p53 is dispensable for Pam3CSK4-induced apoptosis and differentiation. Moreover, also murine AML1-ETO9a driven AML cells were forced into apoptosis and differentiation upon TLR1/TLR2 activation, demonstrating that the antileukemic effects observed were not confined to MLL-rearranged AML. We further evaluated whether Pam3CSK4 would exhibit selective antileukemic effects. Ex vivo Pam3CSK4 treatment inhibited murine and human leukemia-initiating cells, whereas murine normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) were relatively less affected. Consistent with these findings, primary human AML cells across several genetic subtypes of AML were more vulnerable for TLR1/TLR2 activation relative to normal human HSPCs. In the MLL-AF9 AML mouse model, treatment with Pam3CSK4 provided proof of concept for in vivo therapeutic efficacy. Our results demonstrate that TLR1 and TLR2 are upregulated on primitive AML cells and that agonistic targeting of TLR1/TLR2 forces AML cells into apoptosis by p38 MAPK-dependent activation of Caspase 3, and differentiation by activating NFκB, thus revealing a new putative strategy for therapeutically targeting AML cells.

2017-10-31 | GSE92744 | GEO

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