Protein profiling reveals five principal chromatin types in Drosophila cells

ABSTRACT: The local protein composition of chromatin is important for the regulation of transcription and other functions. By integrative analysis of genome-wide binding maps of 53 broadly selected chromatin components in Drosophila cells, we show that the genome is segmented into five principal chromatin types that are defined by unique, yet overlapping combinations of proteins, and form domains that can extend over >100 kb. We identify a novel repressive chromatin type that covers about half of the genome and lacks classic heterochromatin markers. Furthermore, transcriptionally active euchromatin consists of two distinct types that differ in molecular organization and H3K36 methylation, and regulate distinct classes of genes. Finally, we provide evidence that the different chromatin types act as guides that help to target DNA-binding factors to specific subsets of their recognition motifs. These results uncover basic principles of chromatin organization in a higher eukaryote. For this study, we generated whole-genome DamID binding profiles of 45 chromatin proteins in Drosophila Kc167 cells. Additionally, we perused published binding data of 8 chromatin proteins and generated a binding profile of one exogenous (yeast) DNA binding factor in Kc167 cells. On the same array platform, we obtained ChIP-on-chip profiles of histone H3, H1, H3K9me2, H3K27me3, H3K4me2, and H3K79me3. See supplementary files below. Gene expression was measured by RNA tag profiling. See GeneCounts supplementary file below.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE22069 | GEO | 2010/10/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA128945

REPOSITORIES: GEO