Extrahepatic tumors induce inflammation causing liver depletion of HNF4a and driving a systemic metabolic rewiring II
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE223835 | GEO | 2023/03/27
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:To evaluate whether liver metabolic pathways are affected by non-hepatic cancer in-vivo, we performed RNA sequencing of hepatocytes isolated from perfused livers of WT and 4T1 breast cancer-bearing mice on days 4 and 21 following cancer cells injection.
2023-03-27 | GSE212113 | GEO
Project description:Extrahepatic tumors induce inflammation causing liver depletion of HNF4a and driving a systemic metabolic rewiring
| PRJNA874037 | ENA
Project description:Extrahepatic tumors induce inflammation causing liver depletion of HNF4a and driving a systemic metabolic rewiring II
| PRJNA928486 | ENA
Project description:Cancer is a systemic disease that includes several noted features, such as pre-metastatic niche formation, cachexia, and immune dysregulation. However, the mechanisms underlying multi-organ failure remain to be further investigated. Here, we show that inflammation, fatty liver, and dysregulated metabolism are hallmarks of systemically affected livers in various animal tumor models and cancer patients in the absence of hepatic metastasis. We identify that tumor-derived extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) are crucial mediators of cancer-induced hepatic functional reprogramming. Tumor EVPs package multiple fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, and target Kupffer cells upregulating tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) via Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), which in turn promotes a pro-inflammatory microenvironment leading to fatty liver formation and downregulates metabolic pathways, such as fatty acid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Strikingly, ablation of Kupffer cells or TNFα blockade markedly abrogates the tumor-induced excess hepatic lipid droplet accumulation. We show that tumor implantation or pre-treatment with tumor EVPs decreases the expression of Cytochrome P450 genes and attenuates drug metabolism in mice. Notably, increased fatty livers and decreased Cytochrome P450 genes are observed in tumor-free livers in cancer patients. Thus, tumor-derived EVP uptake in the liver may lead to reduced tolerance of drug toxicity in cancer patients. Our results highlight the role of tumor EVPs in dysregulating hepatic functions and its potential to serve as therapeutic targets along with Kupffer cell-induced TNFα inhibition to prevent fatty liver formation and enhance anti-cancer chemotherapy.
2023-03-09 | GSE199863 | GEO
Project description:HNF4a has been shown to be a central regulator of hepatocyte differentiation and function in adult mice. It was recently shown the HNF4a regulates the onset of hepatic gene expression during liver differentiation in vitro and is critical for the specification of liver towards a hepatic fate We examined the global gene expression of the differentiaiton of iPS cells into specified hepatic cells on consecutive days of liver differentiation (Mallanna et al 2013) to determine the onset of hepatic gene expression and the role HNF4a plays during hepatic specification.
2019-01-28 | GSE104612 | GEO
Project description:Acute toxic responses to a single 50 mg/kg oral dose of 1-napthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) were evaluated by microarray analysis of laser capture-microdissected rat biliary epithelium or hepatic parenchyma at 2 and 6 hours post-dose. Selective and dramatic differences between the biliary epithelium and the hepatic parenchyma were evident as soon as 2 hours at which time 375 genes were altered in biliary epithelium, but only a nominal 38 genes were altered in the hepatic parenchyma. Gene expression analysis revealed increased expression of genes involved in the unfolded protein response and ER stress in biliary epithelial cells, but no alteration of these genes in hepatocytes. By 6 hours post dose, 620 genes showed altered expression in biliary epithelium while there were only 32 genes altered in hepatic parenchyma. At this timepoint, analysis of the biliary epithelium revealed decreased expression of genes involved in the unfolded protein response compared to the 2 hour time point, and increased expression at 6 hours of genes involved in protein degradation such as proteasome-ubquination pathways, and genes associated with cell death. Our analysis revealed early loss of biliary epithelial integrity and attempts at repair of damage with subsequent activation of protein degradation and cell fate decisions leading to death pathways within a 6 hour time course. During this same time interval, hepatic parenchymal gene expression changed little and mainly reflected a decrease in enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and an increase in ribosomal proteins which may signal an adaptive change to reduced bile acid delivery to the liver and an increased demand for bile acids and glutathione-mediated transport of ANIT. This versatile approach provides a precise evaluation of distinct cell populations, biliary epithelium and hepatic parenchyma, in situ. (Cullen et.al., Toxicologic Pathology 2010) Rat were exposed to a single dose of 1-napthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) or vehicle. Laser capture-microdissection was used to isolate rat biliary epithelium or hepatic parenchyma at 2 and 6 hours post-dose. Affymetrix GeneChips and Rosetta Resolver were used to determine differential gene expression.
2010-03-09 | E-GEOD-20498 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background and aims: There are considerable evidences demonstrating that angiogenesis and chronic inflammation are mutually dependent. However, although cirrhosis progression is characterized with a chronic hepatic inflammatory process, this connection is not sufficiently explored as a therapeutic strategy. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the potential benefits of targeting angiogenesis in cirrhotic livers to modulate inflammation and fibrosis. For this purpose, we evaluate the therapeutic utility of angiogenesis inhibitors. Methods: The in vivo effects of angiogenesis inhibitors were monitored in liver of cirrhotic rats by measuring angiogenesis, inflammatory infiltrate, fibrosis, a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) accumulation, differential gene expression (by microarrays), and portal pressure. Results: Cirrhosis progression was associated with a significant enhancement of vascular density and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and placental growth factor (PlGF) in cirrhotic livers. The newly formed hepatic vasculature expressed vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Interestingly, the expression of these adhesion molecules correlated well with local inflammatory infiltrate. Livers of cirrhotic rats treated with angiogenesis inhibitors presented a significant decrease in hepatic vascular density, inflammatory infiltrate, a-SMA abundance, collagen expression and portal pressure. Conclusion: Angiogenesis inhibitors may offer a potential novel therapy for cirrhosis due to its multiple mechanisms of action against angiogenesis, inflammation and fibrosis in cirrhotic livers. Experiment Overall Design: RNA from liver of 4 non-treated cirrhotic rats or 4 rats treated with angiogenesis inhibitors was hybridized to 8 high-density oligonucleotide microarray (Rat2302, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA)
2008-06-15 | E-GEOD-6929 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The mRNA-based therapeutics such as COVID-19 vaccines are rapidly progressing into the clinic with a tremendous potential of benefiting millions of people worldwide. Therapeutic targeting of injuries that require transient restoration of proteins by mRNA delivery is an attractive aspect, however until recently, it has remained poorly explored. In this study, we examined for the first time therapeutic utility of mRNA delivery in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, which contributes to millions of deaths, annually. Here, demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of the human transcription factor hepatic nuclear factor alpha (HNF4A) encoding mRNA in murine chronically injured liver leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. We investigated restoration of hepatocyte functions by HNF4A mRNA transfection in vitro, and analyzed the attenuation of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in multiple mouse models, by delivering hepatocyte-targeted biodegradable lipid nanoparticles (LNP) encapsulating HNF4A mRNA. To identify potential mechanism, we performed microarray-based gene expression profiling, single cell RNA sequencing, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. We used primary liver cells and human liver buds for further functional validation. Expression of HNF4A encoding mRNA led to restoration of metabolic activity of fibrotic primary murine and human hepatocytes in vitro. Repeated in vivo delivery of HNF4A mRNA encapsulated-LNP induced a robust inhibition of fibrogenesis in four independent mouse models of hepatotoxin- and cholestasis-induced liver fibrosis. Mechanistically, we discovered that paraoxonase 1 is a direct target of HNF4A and it contributes to HNF4A-mediated attenuation of liver fibrosis via modulation of liver macrophages and hepatic stellate cells. Collectively, our findings provide the first direct preclinical evidence of the applicability of HNF4A mRNA therapeutics for the treatment of fibrosis in the liver.
2021-09-01 | GSE165277 | GEO
Project description:Acute toxic responses to a single 50 mg/kg oral dose of 1-napthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) were evaluated by microarray analysis of laser capture-microdissected rat biliary epithelium or hepatic parenchyma at 2 and 6 hours post-dose. Selective and dramatic differences between the biliary epithelium and the hepatic parenchyma were evident as soon as 2 hours at which time 375 genes were altered in biliary epithelium, but only a nominal 38 genes were altered in the hepatic parenchyma. Gene expression analysis revealed increased expression of genes involved in the unfolded protein response and ER stress in biliary epithelial cells, but no alteration of these genes in hepatocytes. By 6 hours post dose, 620 genes showed altered expression in biliary epithelium while there were only 32 genes altered in hepatic parenchyma. At this timepoint, analysis of the biliary epithelium revealed decreased expression of genes involved in the unfolded protein response compared to the 2 hour time point, and increased expression at 6 hours of genes involved in protein degradation such as proteasome-ubquination pathways, and genes associated with cell death. Our analysis revealed early loss of biliary epithelial integrity and attempts at repair of damage with subsequent activation of protein degradation and cell fate decisions leading to death pathways within a 6 hour time course. During this same time interval, hepatic parenchymal gene expression changed little and mainly reflected a decrease in enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and an increase in ribosomal proteins which may signal an adaptive change to reduced bile acid delivery to the liver and an increased demand for bile acids and glutathione-mediated transport of ANIT. This versatile approach provides a precise evaluation of distinct cell populations, biliary epithelium and hepatic parenchyma, in situ. (Cullen et.al., Toxicologic Pathology 2010)
2010-02-24 | GSE20498 | GEO
Project description:The gut microbiome shapes local and systemic immunity. The liver is presumed to be a protected sterile site. As such, a hepatic microbiome has not been examined. Here, we show that the liver hosts a robust microbiome in mice and humans that is distinct from the gut and is enriched in Proteobacteria. It undergoes dynamic alterations with age and is influenced by the environment and host physiology. Fecal microbial transfer experiments revealed that the liver microbiome is populated from the gut in a highly selective manner. Hepatic immunity is dependent on the microbiome, specifically Bacteroidetes species. Targeting Bacteroidetes with oral antibiotics reduced the hepatic immune cell infiltrate by ~90%, prevented APC maturation, and mitigated adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, presentation of Bacteroidetes-derived glycosphingolipids to NKT cells promotes CCL5 signaling, which drives hepatic leukocyte expansion and maturation. Collectively, we reveal a microbial – glycosphingolipid – NKT – CCL5 axis that underlies hepatic immunity.
2022-05-17 | GSE161876 | GEO