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KDM5 binding and kdm5 null mutant differential expression profiling of Drosophila prothoracic gland cells

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE229077 | GEO | 2023/10/16

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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KDM5 binding and kdm5 null mutant differential expression profiling of Drosophila prothoracic gland cells

Project description:KDM5 binding and kdm5 null mutant differential expression profiling of Drosophila prothoracic gland cells

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Genome-winding binding profile of KDM5 in Drosophila larval prothoracic gland cells via Targeted DamID analysis

Project description:kdm5 is an essential gene in Drosophila that has critical developmental roles in the prothoracic gland cells of the larval ring gland. To profile KDM5 binding within these cells and this developmental stage, we performed Targeted DamID (TaDa). By profiling the nearest genes to significant TaDa peaks (FDR < 0.01), we identified 5815 candidate KDM5 target genes. Interestingly, 42% of these candidate KDM5 target genes appear to be conserved across multiple cellular contexts in Drosophila and span many cellular processes for future investigation.

2023-10-16 | GSE229076 | GEO

A high-frequency null mutant of an odorant-binding protein gene, Obp57e, in Drosophila melanogaster.

Project description:We have found a null mutant of an odorant-binding protein, Obp57e, in Drosophila melanogaster. This frameshift mutation, which is a 10-bp deletion in the coding region, is at a high frequency in the Kyoto population and is also present in Taiwan and Africa. We have sequenced a 1.5-kb region including the tandemly duplicated gene, Obp57d, from 16 inbred lines sampled in Kyoto, Japan. The analyses showed a peak of nucleotide diversity and strong linkage disequilibrium around this mutation. This pattern suggests an elevated mutation rate or an influence of balancing selection in this region. The level of nucleotide divergence between D. melanogaster and D. simulans does not support the former possibility. Thus, this presence/absence polymorphism may be due to balancing selection, which takes advantage of the relatively weak functional constraint in members of a large gene family. In addition, the Obp57d gene region showed an excess of high-frequency-derived mutants that is consistent with a pattern predicted under positive natural selection.

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Drosophila ribosomal protein mutants control tissue growth non-autonomously via effects on the prothoracic gland and ecdysone.

Project description:The ribosome is critical for all aspects of cell growth due to its essential role in protein synthesis. Paradoxically, many Ribosomal proteins (Rps) act as tumour suppressors in Drosophila and vertebrates. To examine how reductions in Rps could lead to tissue overgrowth, we took advantage of the observation that an RpS6 mutant dominantly suppresses the small rough eye phenotype in a cyclin E hypomorphic mutant (cycE(JP)). We demonstrated that the suppression of cycE(JP) by the RpS6 mutant is not a consequence of restoring CycE protein levels or activity in the eye imaginal tissue. Rather, the use of UAS-RpS6 RNAi transgenics revealed that the suppression of cycE(JP) is exerted via a mechanism extrinsic to the eye, whereby reduced Rp levels in the prothoracic gland decreases the activity of ecdysone, the steroid hormone, delaying developmental timing and hence allowing time for tissue and organ overgrowth. These data provide for the first time a rationale to explain the counter-intuitive organ overgrowth phenotypes observed for certain members of the Minute class of Drosophila Rp mutants. They also demonstrate how Rp mutants can affect growth and development cell non-autonomously.

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Transcriptional control of steroid biosynthesis genes in the Drosophila prothoracic gland by ventral veins lacking and knirps.

Project description:Specialized endocrine cells produce and release steroid hormones that govern development, metabolism and reproduction. In order to synthesize steroids, all the genes in the biosynthetic pathway must be coordinately turned on in steroidogenic cells. In Drosophila, the steroid producing endocrine cells are located in the prothoracic gland (PG) that releases the steroid hormone ecdysone. The transcriptional regulatory network that specifies the unique PG specific expression pattern of the ecdysone biosynthetic genes remains unknown. Here, we show that two transcription factors, the POU-domain Ventral veins lacking (Vvl) and the nuclear receptor Knirps (Kni), have essential roles in the PG during larval development. Vvl is highly expressed in the PG during embryogenesis and is enriched in the gland during larval development, suggesting that Vvl might function as a master transcriptional regulator in this tissue. Vvl and Kni bind to PG specific cis-regulatory elements that are required for expression of the ecdysone biosynthetic genes. Knock down of either vvl or kni in the PG results in a larval developmental arrest due to failure in ecdysone production. Furthermore, Vvl and Kni are also required for maintenance of TOR/S6K and prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) signaling in the PG, two major pathways that control ecdysone biosynthesis and PG cell growth. We also show that the transcriptional regulator, Molting defective (Mld), controls early biosynthetic pathway steps. Our data show that Vvl and Kni directly regulate ecdysone biosynthesis by transcriptional control of biosynthetic gene expression and indirectly by affecting PTTH and TOR/S6K signaling. This provides new insight into the regulatory network of transcription factors involved in the coordinated regulation of steroidogenic cell specific transcription, and identifies a new function of Vvl and Knirps in endocrine cells during post-embryonic development.

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Genome-winding binding profile of KDM5 in Drosophila larval prothoracic gland cells via Targeted DamID analysis

Project description:Genome-winding binding profile of KDM5 in Drosophila larval prothoracic gland cells via Targeted DamID analysis

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RNA-seq profiling of Drosophila larval ring glands of kdm5 null mutants

Project description:kdm5 is an essential gene in Drosophila that has critical developmental roles in the prothoracic gland cells of the larval ring gland. We performed a bulk transcriptome analysis of the larval ring gland in w[1118] (wild type) and kdm5[140] (null mutant) in order to identify genes in the prothoracic gland involved in the lethality of kdm5 null mutants. We found that the absence of kdm5 causes dysregulation of genes involved in various metabolic pathways. In particular, genes both bound by KDM5 and differentially expressed in this cell type are involved in regulation of mitochondrial biology and autophagy.

2023-10-16 | GSE229075 | GEO

Autocrine regulation of ecdysone synthesis by β3-octopamine receptor in the prothoracic gland is essential for Drosophila metamorphosis.

Project description:In Drosophila, pulsed production of the steroid hormone ecdysone plays a pivotal role in developmental transitions such as metamorphosis. Ecdysone production is regulated in the prothoracic gland (PG) by prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) and insulin-like peptides (Ilps). Here, we show that monoaminergic autocrine regulation of ecdysone biosynthesis in the PG is essential for metamorphosis. PG-specific knockdown of a monoamine G protein-coupled receptor, β3-octopamine receptor (Octβ3R), resulted in arrested metamorphosis due to lack of ecdysone. Knockdown of tyramine biosynthesis genes expressed in the PG caused similar defects in ecdysone production and metamorphosis. Moreover, PTTH and Ilps signaling were impaired by Octβ3R knockdown in the PG, and activation of these signaling pathways rescued the defect in metamorphosis. Thus, monoaminergic autocrine signaling in the PG regulates ecdysone biogenesis in a coordinated fashion on activation by PTTH and Ilps. We propose that monoaminergic autocrine signaling acts downstream of a body size checkpoint that allows metamorphosis to occur when nutrients are sufficiently abundant.

| S-EPMC4321272 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptional responses of expressing Drosophila melanogaster IRP1A alleles in the prothoracic gland

Project description:We report the genome-wide profiling of hand-dissected ring glands that expressed one of the six flag-tagged transgene: IRP1AWT and IRP1BWT, which are both wild-type; IRP1AC450S and IRP1BC447S, both of which can only assume the apo-form; as well as IRP1A3R3Q and IRP1B3R3Q, both of which are presumed to be non-RNA-binding

2019-04-20 | GSE130103 | GEO

RNA-seq analysis of kdm5 null mutant wing discs

Project description:In order to determine which genes were affected by the complete loss of kdm5, we carried out RNA-seq analysis using wing discs from wildtype and kdm5 140, the new null mutant. Consistent with the phenotypes observed, transcriptome analyses of kdm5140 mutant wing imaginal discs revealed the dysregulation of a significant number of genes involved in cell cycle progression and DNA repair.

2019-12-31 | GSE109201 | GEO

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