Induction of leaf curling in cassava plants by the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Manihot esculenta
PROVIDER: GSE234712 | GEO | 2023/06/15
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:microRNAs can play a crucial role in stress response in plants, including biotic stress. Some miRNAs are known to respond to bacterial infection. This work has addressed the role of miRNAs in Manihot esculenta (cassava)-Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) interaction. Illumina sequencing was used for analyzing small RNA libraries from cassava tissue infected and non-infected with Xam. Cassava variety MBRA685 (resistant to Xam-CIO151) Six-week-old plants were inoculated with 36h-old cultures of the aggressive Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis strain CIO151 in both leaves and stems. Leaves were inoculated by piercing six holes in the mesophyll and placing a 5µL drop of a liquid Xam-MgCl2 culture calibrated at OD600nm = 0.002 (1 x108cfu/ml). Two leaflets per leaf and three leaves per plant were inoculated. Stems were inoculated by puncture in the stems as described previously (24). At least three plants per collection time were inoculated. Leaves and stems were collected from inoculated plants (0 hours post inoculation -hpi, 6hpi, 24hpi, 2 days post-inoculation -dpi, 5dpi, 7dpi and 15dpi) and non-inoculated plants. RNA extractions were made using a LiCl-acid phenol:chloroform method.
2011-12-01 | E-GEOD-29379 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:microRNAs can play a crucial role in stress response in plants, including biotic stress. Some miRNAs are known to respond to bacterial infection. This work has addressed the role of miRNAs in Manihot esculenta (cassava)-Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) interaction. Illumina sequencing was used for analyzing small RNA libraries from cassava tissue infected and non-infected with Xam. Cassava variety MBRA685 (resistant to Xam-CIO151) Six-week-old plants were inoculated with 36h-old cultures of the aggressive Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis strain CIO151 in both leaves and stems.
2011-12-01 | GSE29379 | GEO
Project description:Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) is a gram negative bacterium causing Cassava Bacterial Blight (CBB), an important limitation for cassava production. The genetic bases underlying cassava resistance and susceptibility to different Xam strains are currently unknown. To identify genes and pathways important for the interaction, we used RNA-seq data to study transcriptomic changes in cassava plants inoculated with the non-pathogenic Xam strain, (ORST4) and a pathogenic strain, ORST4 transformed with the TAL effector TALE1Xam (ORST4+TALE1Xam). This analysis revealed that transcriptomic responses to both strains were very similar and were dominated by the induction of genes related to photosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and the down-regulation of genes related to jasmonic acid signaling, features possibly related to defense responses. Among the genes induced exclusively in cassava plants inoculated with ORST4 + TALE1Xam we found one gene containing a predicted binding site for TALE1Xam in its promoter region. This gene encodes for a Heat Shock Transcription Factor B3 (HsfB3) and likely acts a transcriptional repressor. HsfB3 may constitute a new type of susceptibility gene activated by a TAL effector that manages to be sufficient for symptom development without suppressing defense responses in the plant.
2014-10-01 | GSE53369 | GEO
Project description:External application of acetic acid has been recently reported to enhance the survival to drought in plants such as Arabidopsis, rapeseed, maize, rice and wheat, but the effects of acetic acid application on increased drought tolerance in woody plants such as a tropical crop “cassava” remain elusive. A molecular understanding of acetic acid-induced drought avoidance in cassava will contribute to the development of technology that can be used to enhance drought tolerance without resorting to transgenic technology or advancements in cassava cultivation. In the present study, morphological, physiological and molecular responses to drought were analyzed in cassava after the treatment with acetic acid. Results indicated that the acetic acid-treated cassava plants had a higher level of drought avoidance than water-treated, control plants. Specifically, higher leaf relative water content, and chlorophyll and carotenoid levels were observed as soils dried out during the drought treatment. Leaf temperatures in acetic acid-treated cassava plants were higher relative to leaves on plants pretreated with water and the increase of ABA content was observed in leaves of acetic acid-treated plants, suggesting that stomatal conductance and the transpiration rate in leaves of acetic acid-treated plants decreased to maintain relative water contents and avoid drought. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the acetic acid treatment increased the expression of ABA signaling-related genes, such as OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1) and protein phosphatase 2C; as well as drought response and tolerance-related genes, such as outer membrane tryptophan-rich sensory protein (TSPO), and heat shock proteins. Collectively, the external application of acetic acid enhances drought avoidance in cassava through the upregulation of ABA signaling pathway genes and several stress response- and tolerance-related genes. These data support the idea that adjustments of the acetic acid application to plants is useful to enhance drought tolerance in order to minimize the growth inhibition in the agricultural field.
2019-05-29 | GSE122140 | GEO
Project description:Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) is a gram negative bacterium causing Cassava Bacterial Blight (CBB), an important limitation for cassava production. The genetic bases underlying cassava resistance and susceptibility to different Xam strains are currently unknown. To identify genes and pathways important for the interaction, we used RNA-seq data to study transcriptomic changes in cassava plants inoculated with the non-pathogenic Xam strain, (ORST4) and a pathogenic strain, ORST4 transformed with the TAL effector TALE1Xam (ORST4+TALE1Xam). This analysis revealed that transcriptomic responses to both strains were very similar and were dominated by the induction of genes related to photosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and the down-regulation of genes related to jasmonic acid signaling, features possibly related to defense responses. Among the genes induced exclusively in cassava plants inoculated with ORST4 + TALE1Xam we found one gene containing a predicted binding site for TALE1Xam in its promoter region. This gene encodes for a Heat Shock Transcription Factor B3 (HsfB3) and likely acts a transcriptional repressor. HsfB3 may constitute a new type of susceptibility gene activated by a TAL effector that manages to be sufficient for symptom development without suppressing defense responses in the plant. mRNA of Cassava stems inoculated with a non-pathogenic (ORST4) and pathogenic (+TALE1Xam) strain of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Manihotis, tissues collected at 0, 5 and7 days post-inoculation, 2 technical replicates used
2014-10-01 | E-GEOD-53369 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cassava mosaic disease caused by cassava begomoviruses is the most serious disease of cassava in Africa. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to symptom development of infected cassava plants are poorly understood. Here a high throughput digital gene expression profiling (DGE) based on Illumina Solexa sequencing technology was used to investigate the global transcriptional response of cassava to the African cassava mosaic virus infection. Results showed that 3,210 genes were differentially expressed in virus-infected cassava leaves. Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that photosynthesis related genes were most affected, which was consistent with the chlorotic symptom on the infected leaves. The upregulation of chlorophyll degradation genes, e.g. the genes encoding chlorophyllase and pheophorbide a oxygenase, as well as the downregulation of the major apoproteins genes in light harvesting complex II (LHCII) identified by the DGE analysis were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Together with the reduction of chlorophyll b content and fewer grana stacks in the infected leaf cells, this study reveals that the degradation of chlorophyll plays an important role during ACMV symptom development for the first time. Meanwhile, we believe that the non-lethal effect on photosystem is a trick for virus to avoid fierce host immune response and a result of the long-term co-evolution. This study will provide a road map for future investigations into virus symptom development.
2014-04-01 | GSE47224 | GEO
Project description:Cassava mosaic disease caused by cassava begomoviruses is the most serious disease of cassava in Africa. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to symptom development of infected cassava plants are poorly understood. Here a high throughput digital gene expression profiling (DGE) based on Illumina Solexa sequencing technology was used to investigate the global transcriptional response of cassava to the African cassava mosaic virus infection. Results showed that 3,210 genes were differentially expressed in virus-infected cassava leaves. Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that photosynthesis related genes were most affected, which was consistent with the chlorotic symptom on the infected leaves. The upregulation of chlorophyll degradation genes, e.g. the genes encoding chlorophyllase and pheophorbide a oxygenase, as well as the downregulation of the major apoproteins genes in light harvesting complex II (LHCII) identified by the DGE analysis were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Together with the reduction of chlorophyll b content and fewer grana stacks in the infected leaf cells, this study reveals that the degradation of chlorophyll plays an important role during ACMV symptom development for the first time. Meanwhile, we believe that the non-lethal effect on photosystem is a trick for virus to avoid fierce host immune response and a result of the long-term co-evolution. This study will provide a road map for future investigations into virus symptom development. ACMV-infected cassava leaves mixture from three independent replicates were collected for RNA extractions at 20 dpi. Control samples were harvested from empty agrobacteria treated leaves incubated under the same conditions.
2014-04-01 | E-GEOD-47224 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptome Analysis of Wild Type and Histone H1.2(MeH1.2) Transgenic Plants by RNA-seq in Cassava.The goal of this study was to compare the phenotypic and transcriptome differences between transgenic and WT plants, and to analyze how overexpression of MeH1.2 gene changed the expression patterns. MeH1.2 overexpressed transgenic cassava plant (HOE) were was made. The 2-month-old seedlings of HOE were significantly smaller and weaker than of the wild type (WT) under Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, while, the leave leaf became yellow senescence and the number of branch root increased significantly in HOE than in WT. We found a total of 1670 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 891 up-regulated DEGs in HOE leave of 2-months-old bottled seedling as indicated by RNA-seq. Many of DEGs were associated with growth metabolism and stress response, such as different amino acids metabolic genes, wound-responsive family genes and peroxidase superfamily genes. We hypothesized the overexpression of MeH1.2 may be similar to mild abiotic stress to retard the growth of HOE, the increased proline content and root-shoot ratio of HOE also support the hypothesis.
2020-07-24 | GSE154948 | GEO
Project description:Female whiteflies are used to inoculate the susceptible and resistant tomato genotypes as follows. Whiteflies are caged with TYLCV-infected tomato plants for a 48 h acquisition access period. Then, the viruliferous insects are collected and used to inoculate 20 plants of each genotype. The plants at their 4 leaf-stage are inoculated by caging ten viruliferous whiteflies with the youngest true leaf (more than 1 cm) of each plant, using leaf cages. Mock inoculations are conducted using the same number of non-viruliferous insects. After a 12 h inoculation access period (which ensures 100% infection), the insect cages are removed and the plants are treated with insecticide (imidacloprid). The plants are kept for 3 or 7 days in an insect-proof greenhouse, in natural daylight (12 h light/12 h dark). Keywords: Direct comparison, loop design
2007-09-01 | GSE8165 | GEO
Project description:Background: Cassava is an important tropical root crop adapted to a wide range of environmental stimuli such as drought and acid soils. Nevertheless, it is an extremely cold-sensitive tropical species. Thus far, there is limited information about gene regulation and signaling pathways related to the cold stress response in cassava. The development of microarray technology has accelerated the study of global transcription profiling under certain conditions. Results: A 60-mer oligonucleotide 4X44K Agilent microarray representing 20,840 genes was used to perform transcriptome profiling in cassava apical shoots subjected to cold at 7M-BM-0C for 0 h, 4 h, and 9 h. A total of 508 transcripts were identified as early cold-responsive genes in which 319 sequences had descriptions when they were aligned with Arabidopsis proteins. Gene ontology (GO) annotation analysis identified many interesting categories including M-bM-^@M-^XResponse to abiotic and biotic stimulusM-bM-^@M-^Y, M-bM-^@M-^XResponse to stressM-bM-^@M-^Y, M-bM-^@M-^XTranscription factor activityM-bM-^@M-^Y, and M-bM-^@M-^XChloroplastM-bM-^@M-^Y. Various stress-associated genes comprising signal transduction components (e.g., MAP kinase 4), transcription factors (TFs; e.g., RAP2.11), and ROS scavenging enzymes (e.g., catalase 2), as well as photosynthesis-related genes (e.g., PSAL), were found. Seventeen major TF families were also identified as being involved in the early response to cold stress (e.g., AP2-EREBP). Meanwhile, KEGG pathway analysis uncovered many important pathways, including M-bM-^@M-^XPlant hormone signal transductionM-bM-^@M-^Y, M-bM-^@M-^XStarch and sucrose metabolismM-bM-^@M-^Y, and M-bM-^@M-^XPlant-pathogen interactionM-bM-^@M-^Y. Furthermore, the expression changes of 18 genes under cold and other abiotic stresses conditions were validated by real-time RT-PCR. As a response to cold stress in cassava, an increase in the ROS scavenging enzyme activities of catalase and superoxide dismutases and the accumulation of total soluble sugars were also detected. Importantly, most of the tested stress-responsive genes were primarily expressed in mature leaves, stem cambia, and fibrous roots rather than apical buds and young leaves. Conclusions: The dynamic expression changes reflect the integrative controlling and transcriptome regulation of the networks in the early cold stress response of cassava. The biological processes involved in the signal perception and physiological response might shed light on the molecular mechanisms related to cold tolerance in tropical plants and provide useful candidate genes for genetic improvement. Apical shoots subjected to cold at 7M-BM-0C for 0 h, 4 h, and 9 h were collected for RNA extractions from three independent healthy 3-month-old cassava (cultivar TMS60444) plants in the greenhouse.
2013-01-17 | E-GEOD-31073 | biostudies-arrayexpress