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On the effects of 30 GHz sinusoidal wave exposure on glioblastoma organoids

ABSTRACT: In this study, we evaluated the effects of milli-meter waves on structured Glioblastoma organoids to assess the possibility of therapeutic applications. The exposure setup was completely developed, and the dosimetry carried on based on both numerical and experimental activities. Our results showed that continuous milli-meter waves at 30.5 GHz affect cell proliferation and apoptosis, thus not affecting the differentiation status of the organoids composing of GBM cells. By applying the power level of 0.1 W (RMS), we obtain a synergistic effect with the chemotherapeutic Temozolomide in terms of GBM cell death. All these data open the way to an interventional window in which to treat GBM cells (i.e. with TMZ) exploiting 30.5 GHz CW exposure for potential therapeutic purposes thus improving GBM future management, which remain extremely difficult so far. Our investigation sheds light on the characterization of possible bio-effects of MMW (30.5 GHz CW) on GBM organoids highlighting cell and molecular responses in a relevant 3D tumor model.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE239486 | GEO | 2024/07/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression [C2]

Project description:Millimeter waves are new broadband frequencies that start to be used in several applications such as future wireless communications, medical, and also non-lethal weapons (the 94-GHz band in Active Denial Systems). However, low information are available on their potential effects on human. These frequencies belong to radiofrequency and they have the property to be stopped by the first layer of the skin. Therefore our studies have aimed to evaluate 94 GHz effects on skin cells whole gene expression. Chronic long term 94 GHz MMW exposures were performed on two rat populations constituted by 17 young animals and 14 adult ones. Each group of animals were equally split in Exposed and Sham exposed subgroup. This two independent exposure experiments were conducted during 5 months, with rats exposed 3 h per day, 3 days per week, to an incident power density of 10 mW/cm², which correspond to twice the ICNIRP limit of exposure for professional. At the end of the experiment, skin explant were taken and RNA were extracted. Then, the modification of the whole gene expression were analyzed with gene expression microarray. Without modification of the animal’s temperature, long term chronic 94 GHz-MMW exposure did not significantly modify the rat’s skin gene expression on both young and adult rats.

2021-01-13 | GSE132817 | GEO

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Global gene expression analysis reveals importance of thermal effect in cellular response to millimeter wave exposure

Project description:To evaluate the effect of millimeter waves (MMW) exposure on the gene expression, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling. Neonatal primary Keratinocyte cells pooled from 3 healthy donors were exposed ex vivo, 3 hours at 20 mW/cmÂ². At this condition, corresponding to the maximum power density authorized for public use, MMW exposure induces a significant increase of the temperature and 665 genes were found differentially expressed. To determine the role of hyperthermia in this response, several controls were performed. When the temperature artificially maintained constant, no specific gene modifications were observed after exposure. However, a heat shock control did not mimic exactly the MMW effect: 34-gene signatures were identified between 20 mW/cm2 MMW exposure and its relative heat shock control. Differential expression of seven genes (ADAMTS6, NOG, IL7R, FADD, JUNB, SNAI2 and HIST1H1A) from this signature were confirmed by duplication of the whole experiment and real-time PCR analysis. Gene expression in human keratinocytes was measured after a 60 GHz-exposure at 20 mW/cm2, for 3 h (Expo). It was compared to cells cultured in unexposed condition (Sham). As millimeter wave (MMW) exposure increase temperature in the cell medium, two controls were performed: 1) MMW exposure (3 h, 60 GHz, 20 mW/cmÂ²) with the heat increase compensated to maintain constant the physiological temperature (CompT_Expo); 2) Heat shock control (HSC) to mimicking the heat effect of MMW exposure.

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Untargeted metabolomics unveil alterations of biomembranes permeability in human HaCaT keratinocytes upon 60 GHz millimeter-wave exposure

Project description:A joint metabolomic and lipidomic workflow is used to account for a potential effect of millimeter waves (MMW) around 60 GHz on biological tissues. For this purpose, HaCaT human keratinocytes were exposed at 60.4 GHz with an incident power density of 20 mW/square cm, this value corresponding to the upper local exposure limit for general public in the context of a wide scale deployment of MMW technologies and devices. After a 24h-exposure, endo- and extracellular extracts were recovered to be submitted to an integrative UPLC-Q-Exactive metabolomic and lipidomic workflow. R-XCMS data processing and subsequent statistical treatment led to emphasize a limited number of altered features in lipidomic sequences and in intracellular metabolomic analyses, whatever the ionization mode (i.e 0 to 6 dysregulated features). Conversely, important dysregulations could be reported in extracellular metabolomic profiles with 111 and 99 frames being altered upon MMW exposure in positive and negative polarities, respectively. This unexpected extent of modifications can hardly stem from the mild changes that could be reported throughout transcriptomics studies, leading us to hypothesize that MMW might alter the permeability of cell membranes, as reported elsewhere.

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ADDITIVE EFFECTS OF MILLIMETER WAVES AND 2 DEOXYGLUCOSE CO-EXPOSURE ON THE HUMAN KERATINOCYTE TRANSCRIPTOME

Project description:To evaluate the effect of millimeter waves (MMW) exposure on the gene expression, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling. Neonatal primary Keratinocyte cells pooled from 3 healthy donors were exposed ex vivo, by 60.4 GHz-MMW, at an incident power density (IPD) of 20 mW/cm² (3 hours of treatment in athermic condition).No modification of keratinocyte transcriptome was observed. Considering that MMW could also impact the cell metabolism, we assessed then effect of glycolysis inhibitor 2 deoxyglucose treatment (2dG, 20 mM during 3 hours) in association with MMW co-exposure. 2dG treatment induces a high modification of the transcriptome (632 coding genes). Genes affected in their expression are linked with transcriptional repression, cellular communication and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. The MMW/2dG co-exposition induced a slight modification of cell transcriptome, which reflects the capacity of MMW to interfere with bioenergetic stress response. After RT-PCR validation, 6 genes (SOCS3, SPRY2, TRIB1, FAM46A, CSRNP1 and PPP1R15A) were confirmed as sensitive to MMW exposure during 2dG treatment.

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Transcriptional landscape of human keratinocyte models exposed to 60-GHz millimeter-waves

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