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Beneficial rhizobacteria and virus infection modulate the feeding preferences of the virus vector Epilachna varivestis by modifying key metabolic pathways

ABSTRACT: There is growing evidence that microbial plant symbionts shape interactions between plants and other organisms by modulating gene expression and metabolism. However, the detailed mechanisms mediating such effects are not well understood, particularly in systems where plants interact simultaneously with multiple symbionts and antagonists. In this study, we employed a multi-factorial design to explore the individual and combined effects of two plant-beneficial rhizobacteria (Delftia acidovorans and Bradyrhizobium japonicum) and a pathogen (Bean pod mottle virus: BPMV) on gene expression and metabolite production by soybean plants, as well as downstream effects on plant interactions with a beetle vector of BPMV Epilachna varivestis. Our results document microbial effects on basic metabolism and defense pathways, resulting in increased levels of primary metabolites and depletion of secondary metabolites. These changes are consistent with the observed feeding preferences of beetles for rhizobia- inoculated and virus-infected plants, potentially increasing the likelihood to disperse the virus to uninfected plants. Together, our results indicate that BPMV infection and rhizobacteria colonization cause dramatic changes in plant metabolites related to nutrition and defense, with significant consequences for an agriculturally important pathosystem.

ORGANISM(S): Glycine max

PROVIDER: GSE244001 | GEO | 2024/12/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Root exudates are composed of primary and secondary metabolites known to modulate the rhizosphere microbiota. Glucosinolates are defense compounds present in the Brassicaceae family capable of deterring pathogens, herbivores and biotic stressors in the phyllosphere. In addition, traces of glucosinolates and their hydrolyzed byproducts have been found in the soil, suggesting that these secondary metabolites could play a role in the modulation and establishment of the rhizosphere microbial community associated with this family. We used Arabidopsis thaliana mutant lines with disruptions in the indole glucosinolate pathway, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to evaluate how disrupting this pathway affects the root exudate profile of Arabidopsis thaliana, and in turn, impacts the rhizosphere microbial community. Chemical analysis of the root exudates from the wild type Columbia (Col-0), a mutant plant line overexpressing the MYB transcription factor ATR1 (atr1D) which increases glucosinolate production, and the loss-of-function cyp79B2cyp79B3 double mutant line with low levels of glucosinolates confirmed that alterations to the indole glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway shifts the root exudate profile of the plant. We observed changes in the relative abundance of exuded metabolites. Moreover, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing results provided evidence that the rhizobacterial communities associated with the plant lines used were directly impacted in diversity and community composition. This work provides further information on the involvement of secondary metabolites and their role in modulating the rhizobacterial community. Root metabolites dictate the presence of different bacterial species, including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Our results suggest that alterations in the indole glucosinolate pathway cause disruptions beyond the endogenous levels of the plant, significantly changing the abundance and presence of different metabolites in the root exudates of the plants as well as the microbial rhizosphere community.

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Beneficial rhizobacteria and virus infection modulate the feeding preferences of the virus vector Epilachna varivestis by modifying key metabolic pathways

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