Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

DNA methylation enables recurrent endogenisation of giant viruses in an animal relative

ABSTRACT: 5-methylcytosine (5mC) is a widespread silencing mechanism that controls genomic parasites. However, in many eukaryotes 5mC has gained complex roles in gene regulation beyond parasite control. Animals are a paradigmatic case for 5mC evolution, as they show widespread variability across lineages, ranging from gene regulation and transposable element control to loss of this base modification. Here we show that the protist animal relative Amoebidium appalachense displays both transposon and gene body methylation, a pattern reminiscent of invertebrates and plants. Unexpectedly, large hypermethylated regions of the Amoebidium genome derive from viral insertions, including hundreds of endogenised giant viruses contributing 14% of the encoded genes. Using a combination of inhibitors and functional genomic assays, we demonstrate that 5mC silences these giant virus insertions. Moreover, alternative Amoebidium isolates show polymorphic giant virus insertions, highlighting a dynamic process of infection, endogenisation and purging. Therefore we propose that 5mC is critical for the controlled co-existence of newly acquired viral DNA into eukaryotic genomes, making Amoebidium a unique model to understand the hybrid origins of eukaryotic genomes.

ORGANISM(S): Ichthyosporea sp. XGB-2017a Amoebidium appalachense Amoebidium parasiticum Creolimax fragrantissima Sphaeroforma arctica

PROVIDER: GSE249241 | GEO | 2024/07/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Identifying host factors associated with DNA replicated during virus infection

Project description:Viral DNA genomes replicating in cells encounter a myriad of host factors that facilitate or hinder viral replication. Viral proteins expressed early during infection modulate host factors interacting with viral genomes, recruiting proteins to promote viral replication, and limiting access to antiviral repressors. Although some host factors manipulated by viruses have been identified, we know little about pathways exploited during infection and how these differ between viruses. To identify cellular processes manipulated during viral replication, we defined proteomes associated with viral genomes during infection with adenovirus, herpes simplex virus and vaccinia virus. We compared enrichment of host factors between virus proteomes and confirmed association with viral genomes and replication compartments. Using adenovirus as an illustrative example, we uncovered host factors deactivated by early viral proteins, and identified a subgroup of nucleolar proteins that aid virus replication. Our datasets provide valuable resources of virus-host interactions that affect proteins on viral genomes.

2017-10-04 | PXD007741 | Pride

EGAS00001003310 - samples

Project description:Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a defective mono-stranded DNA virus, endemic in human population (35-80%). Recurrent clonal AAV2 insertions are associated with the pathogenesis of rare human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed on normal liver. This study aimed to characterize the natural history of AAV infection in the liver and its consequence in tumor development. In silico analyses using viral capture data explored viral variants and new clonal insertions. Clonal AAV insertions were positive selected during HCC development on non-cirrhotic liver challenging the notion of AAV as a non-pathogenic virus.

| EGAD00001004484 | EGA

High-throughput RNA sequencing of six ant transcriptomes

Project description:RNA sequencing data was used to identify novel viral positive-strand RNA virus genomes within ant transcriptomes.

2017-10-24 | E-MTAB-5781 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Active Demethylation of Both Maternal and Paternal Genomes in Mouse Zygotes

Project description:The epigenomes of mammalian sperm and oocytes, characterized by gamete-specific 5-methylcytosine (5mC) patterns, are reprogrammed in early embryogenesis to establish full developmental potential. It is broadly accepted that the paternal genome is actively demethylated in the zygote while the maternal genome undergoes passive demethylation thanks to DNA replication over the subsequent cleavage divisions. Here we reveal that both maternal and paternal genomes undergo widespread active and passive demethylation in the pronuclear zygote before the first mitotic division. Whereas the passive demethylation requires DNA replication, the active demethylation relies on enzymatic oxidation of 5mC, as deletion of the DNA dioxygenase, Tet3, but not the inhibition of replication, blocks the active demethylation. At actively demethylated loci, 5mCs appear to be processed to unmodified cytosines in a manner independent of the DNA glycosylase TDG. These observations suggest the occurrence of genuine active demethylation in both parental genomes following fertilization. An extra supportive Tet3 knock-out female pronuclear sample related to experiment Series GSE56650.

2016-09-01 | E-GEOD-60777 | biostudies-arrayexpress

ChIP-seq analysis with an antibody directed against the human H3K27ac protein in Raji cells (Genbank: KF717093.1) prior to and post induction of BZLF1.

Project description:ChIP peaks were identified in both the human and viral genomes (genome assembly GRCh37 (hg19) and Epstein-Barr virus, Human Herpesvirus 4; GenBank accession KF717093.1).

2021-06-22 | E-MTAB-8421 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Elucidation of the epitranscriptomic RNA modification landscape of chikungunya virus

Project description:<p>The genomes of positive-sense (+) single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses are believed to be subjected to a wide range of RNA modifications. In this study, we focused on the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) as a model (+) ssRNA virus to study the landscape of viral RNA modification in infected human cells. Among the 32 distinct RNA modifications analyzed by mass spectrometry, inosine was found enriched in the genomic CHIKV RNA. However, orthogonal validation by Illumina RNA-seq analyses did not identify any inosine modification along the CHIKV RNA genome. Moreover, CHIKV infection did not alter the expression of ADAR1 isoforms, the enzymes that catalyze the adenosine to inosine conversion. Together, this study highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to assess the presence of RNA</p><p>modifications in viral RNA genomes.</p>

2024-06-11 | MTBLS8697 | MetaboLights

Massive LINE1 retrotransposon Invasion in Tuberous Sclerosis Astrocytomas

Project description:Somatic retrotranspositions of various mobile genetic elements take place in tumors, and L1 retroelements physiologically transpose in neural progenitor cells during neurogenesis. We sequenced whole genomes of the neural progenitor cell-derived subependymal giant cell astrocytomas that typically affect patients suffering from the neurodevelopmental disease Tuberous Sclerosis. Here we show an unprecedented increased L1 retrotransposition in these tumors, with tens of thousands new genomic insertions, that preferentially invade genes involved in neural activity, synaptic transmission and cancer. The prevalent insertions are short, nested in preexisting L1 repeats in the same orientation, trimmed in both the 5’ and 3’ ends, representing unorthodox retrotransposition”. Most somatic L1 inserts in the genomically stable astrocytomas are nested in preexisting L1 elements. This preferred nested integration may act as a “lightning rod” mechanism dampening the effects of massive retrotransposition. In contrast, the enhanced transposition found in genomically unstable breast tumors includes regions of high-density clustered insertion, transposminos. These clustered insertions are expected to be more detrimental, as many of them are non-nested and frequently invade genic and exonic sequences. Exaggerated L1 retrotransposition may be a common stochastic damaging pathway in neurological disorders and cancer.

2016-12-31 | GSE56871 | GEO

ChIP-exo of HH514-16 treated with NaB or left untreated

Project description:How Krüppel-associated box-domain zinc finger protein (KRAB-ZFP) transcriptional repressors recruit TRIM28/KAP1 to recognizes target sequences or foreign genomes is unclear. Here, we used Epstein-Barr virus-infected cells in which a KRAB-ZFP, SZF1, silences lytic/replicative-phase genes of the virus to determine how the ZFP-footprints on cell and viral genomes to target pericentromeric regions. We observed that it uses non-consensus sites to target viral genes. This heterochromatin machinery employed by the host silences and regulate an invader without deregulating itself.

2021-03-04 | GSE168239 | GEO

Virion proteome of Cafeteria roenbergensis virus strain BV-PW1

Project description:This project describes the protein composition of the Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV, strain BV-PW1: TaxID 693272) particle, a giant marine DNA virus that infects the heterotrophic nanoflagellate microeukaryote C. roenbergensis. CroV is a member of the Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Large DNA Virus clade and related to Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus. CroV possesses a DNA genome of ~730 kilobase pairs that encodes 544 predicted proteins. We analyzed the protein composition of purified CroV particles by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and identified 141 virion-associated CroV proteins. Predicted functions could be assigned to 37% of these proteins, which include structural proteins as well as enzymes for transcription, DNA repair, redox reactions and protein modification. Homologs of 36 CroV virion proteins have previously been found in the virion of Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus. This study shows that giant DNA virus particles contain more than one hundred viral proteins that include specific enzymatic functions.

2014-05-22 | PXD000993 | Pride

Adenovirus prevents dsRNA formation by promoting efficient splicing of viral RNA

Project description:Eukaryotic cells recognize intracellular pathogens through pattern recognition receptors, including sensors of aberrant nucleic acid structures. Sensors of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) are known to detect replication intermediates of RNA viruses. It has been suggested that annealing of mRNA from symmetrical transcription of both top and bottom strands of DNA virus genomes can produce dsRNA during infection. Supporting this hypothesis, nearly all DNA viruses encode inhibitors of dsRNA-recognition pathways. However, direct evidence that DNA viruses produce dsRNA is lacking. Contrary to dogma, we show that the nuclear-replicating DNA virus adenovirus (AdV) does not produce detectable levels of dsRNA during infection. In contrast, abundant dsRNA is detected within the nucleus of cells infected with AdV mutants that lack the virus-directed ubiquitin ligase required for efficient processing of viral RNA. In the presence of nuclear dsRNA, the cytoplasmic dsRNA sensor PKR is relocalized and activated within the nucleus. Accumulation of viral dsRNA occurs in the late phase of infection, when unspliced viral transcripts form intron/exon base pairs between top and bottom strand transcripts. We propose that DNA viruses actively promote efficient splicing and mRNA processing to limit dsRNA formation, thus avoiding detection and restriction by host nucleic acid sensors.

2021-07-15 | GSE179388 | GEO

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data