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Novel Pharmacologic Inhibition of Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 as a Potential Therapeutic for Glioblastoma [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A) is a pivotal epigenetic enzyme that contributes to several malignancies including malignant glioma. LSD1 is a flavin adenine dinucleotide dependent histone demethylase that specifically targets histone H3 lysine (K) 4 mono- (me1) and di-methylation (me2) and H3K9me1/2 for demethylation. Herein we report the development of an LSD inhibitor, S2172, which efficiently penetrates the blood-brain barrier. S2172 effectively suppresses LSD1 enzymatic activity, resulting in the depletion of cell growth both in vitro in glioma stem cells (GSCs) (mean half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 13.8 μM) and in vivo in a GSC orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Treatment with S2172 robustly reduced the expression of the stemness-related genes MYC and Nestin in GSC cells. Consistent with this, chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing revealed a significant S2172-dependent alteration in H3K4me2/H3K4me3 status. Furthermore, we identified 284 newly acquired H3K4me2 peak regions after S2172 treatment, which were encompassed within super-enhancer regions. The altered H3K4me2/H3K4me3 status induced by S2172 treatment affected the expression of genes related to tumorigenesis. Our data suggest that targeting LSD1 with S2172 could provide a promising treatment option for glioblastomas, particularly due to targeting of GSC populations.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE261472 | GEO | 2024/11/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Novel Pharmacologic Inhibition of Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 as a Potential Therapeutic for Glioblastoma [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A) is a pivotal epigenetic enzyme that contributes to several malignancies including malignant glioma. LSD1 is a flavin adenine dinucleotide dependent histone demethylase that specifically targets histone H3 lysine (K) 4 mono- (me1) and di-methylation (me2) and H3K9me1/2 for demethylation. Herein we report the development of an LSD inhibitor, S2172, which efficiently penetrates the blood-brain barrier. S2172 effectively suppresses LSD1 enzymatic activity, resulting in the depletion of cell growth both in vitro in glioma stem cells (GSCs) (mean half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 13.8 μM) and in vivo in a GSC orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Treatment with S2172 robustly reduced the expression of the stemness-related genes MYC and Nestin in GSC cells. Consistent with this, chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing revealed a significant S2172-dependent alteration in H3K4me2/H3K4me3 status. Furthermore, we identified 284 newly acquired H3K4me2 peak regions after S2172 treatment, which were encompassed within super-enhancer regions. The altered H3K4me2/H3K4me3 status induced by S2172 treatment affected the expression of genes related to tumorigenesis. Our data suggest that targeting LSD1 with S2172 could provide a promising treatment option for glioblastomas, particularly due to targeting of GSC populations.

2024-11-10 | GSE261471 | GEO

CUT & RUN analysis of H3K4me2 mark upon LSD1 inhibition

Project description:Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a histone demethylase that promotes stemness and cancer cell survival, including in prostate cancer. LSD1 has been shown to perfrom catalytic independent function sto promote prostate cancer survival. Here, we tested the levels of LSD1's canonical target H3K4me2 upon LSD1 inhibition with SP2509 across the genome using CUT and RUN analysis.

2023-08-30 | GSE235211 | GEO

Cyclic LSD1 recruitment and dynamic H3K4 methylation establish TRIM24-activated estrogen response

Project description:The role of histone lysine methylation in estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα)-activated transcription is highly context-specific and poorly understood. Here, we show that lysine demethylase 1 (LSD1) mediates loss of H3 lysine 4 dimethylation (H3K4me2) in coordination with tripartite-motif-containing protein 24 (TRIM24)- regulated growth of breaset cancer-derived cells. We performed global profiling of histone H3K4me2 in comparison to genome-wide binding of TRIM24 in MCF7 cells when estrogen is depleted or added. We found specific subsets of genes with functions in transcription and cell proliferation are depleted of H3K4me2 at TRIM24 binding sites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses over a time course of estrogen induction revealed cyclic demethylation of H3K4me2, LSD1, TRIM24 and ERα binding. Inhibition of LSD1 enzymatic activity led to increased H3K4me2 and decreased estrogen response of TRIM24-dependent genes. Additon of a small molecule inhibitor of the TRIM24 bromodomain or depletion of TRIM24 expression amplified the impact of LSD1 inhbition as measured by survival and proliferation of MCF7 cells, suggesting that combinatorial inhibition of LSD1 and TRIM24 may be effective in targeting ER-positive breast cancers.

2019-12-01 | GSE113654 | GEO

RNA expression in MDA-MB-231 cells treated for 24h with SAHA, Pargyline, or both [HG-U133A_2]

Project description:Abnormal activities of histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) and lysine deacetylases (HDACs) are associated with aberrant gene expression in breast cancer development. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between KDMs and HDACs in chromatin remodeling and regulation of gene transcription are still elusive. In this study, we showed that treatment of human breast cancer cells with inhibitors targeting the zinc cofactor dependent class I/II HDACs, but not NAD+ dependent class III HDACs, led to significant increase of H3K4me2 which is a specific substrate of histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and a key chromatin mark promoting transcriptional activation. We also demonstrated that inhibition of LSD1 activity by a pharmacological inhibitor, pargyline, or siRNA resulted in increased acetylation of H3K9 (AcH3K9). However, siRNA knockdown of LSD2, a homolog of LSD1, failed to alter the level of AcH3K9, suggesting that LSD2 activity may not be functionally connected with HDAC activity. Combined treatment with LSD1 and HDAC inhibitors resulted in enhanced levels of H3K4me2 and AcH3K9, and exhibited synergistic growth inhibition of breast cancer cells. Finally, microarray screening identified a unique subset of genes whose expression was significantly changed by combination treatment with inhibitors of LSD1 and HDAC. Our study suggests that LSD1 intimately interacts with histone deacetylases in human breast cancer cells. Inhibition of histone demethylation and deacetylation exhibits cooperation and synergy in regulating gene expression and growth inhibition, and may represent a promising and novel approach for epigenetic therapy of breast cancer. Twelve samples were subject to microarray anaylsis: 3 biological replicates were treated for 24h with 1)DMSO, 2) 5uM SAHA (suberanilohydroxamic acid), 3) 2.5mM Pargyline or 4) 5uM SAHA + 2.5mM Pargyline.

2015-09-04 | E-GEOD-72688 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Next-generation sequencing reveals a novel role of lysine-specific demethylase 1 in adhesion of rhabdomyosarcoma cells [RNA-seq]

Project description:Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been shown to be overexpressed in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) tumor samples. This study aims at elucidating changes in the RNA expression profile by RNA Sequencing in control and LSD1 knockdown conditions using transient silencing with siRNA. In addition, ChIP Sequencing was employed to investigate changes in the histone methylation pattern of H3K4me2 as a target of LSD1 in control and LSD1 knockdown conditions.

2019-11-07 | GSE140040 | GEO

Next-generation sequencing reveals a novel role of lysine-specific demethylase 1 in adhesion of rhabdomyosarcoma cells [ChIP-seq]

2019-11-07 | GSE140039 | GEO

Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 Has Dual Functions as a Major Regulator of Androgen Receptor Transcriptional Activity

Project description:Lysine Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1, KDM1A) functions as a transcriptional corepressor through demethylation of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4), but has coactivator function on some genes through unclear mechanisms. We show that LSD1, interacting with CoREST, associates with and coactivates androgen receptor (AR) on a large fraction of androgen-stimulated genes. A subset of these AR/LSD1-associated enhancer sites have histone 3 threonine 6 phosphorylation (H3T6ph), and these sites are further enriched for androgen-stimulated genes. Significantly, despite its coactivator activity, LSD1 still mediates H3K4me2 demethylation at these androgen-stimulated enhancers. FOXA1 is also associated with LSD1 at AR regulated enhancer sites, and a FOXA1 interaction with LSD1 enhances binding of both proteins at these sites. These findings show LSD1 functions broadly as a regulator of AR function, that it maintains a transcriptional repression function at AR-regulated enhancers through H3K4 demethylation, and has a distinct AR-linked coactivator function mediated by demethylation of other substrates. Determine the role of LSD1 in androgen signaling.

2014-12-12 | E-GEOD-52201 | biostudies-arrayexpress

LSD1 inhibition promotes epithelial differentiation through derepression of fate- determining transcription factors [ChIP-seq]

Project description:We report the impact of the pharmacological inhibition of the Histone 3 Lysine 4 demethylase (H3K4) LSD1 (KDM1A) enzymatic activity on its binding genome wide and how it impacts genome-wide H3K4me1 and H3K4me2 deposition in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (NHEK)

2019-08-20 | GSE133560 | GEO

H3K4me2 profiling in C3H-10T1/2 preadipocytes [ChIP-seq]

2016-08-30 | GSE74901 | GEO

Transcriptome-wide analysis of gene expression regulated by LSD1 during brown adipocyte differentiation [RNA-seq]

Project description:By screening a collection of epigenetic compounds, we find that Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitors repress brown adipocyte differentiation. RNAi-mediated Lsd1 knockdown shows similar effect, which can be rescued by expression of wild-type, but not catalytically inactive, LSD1. Furthermore, adenoviral Cre-mediated LSD1 deletion in mice leads to inhibition of brown adipogenesis, validating the pivotal role of LSD1 in brown fat development in vivo. LSD1 is a histone H3 demethylase, which selectively removes methyl groups from mono- and di-methylated lysine 4 (H3K4me1 and H3K4me2) under most circumstances, and only from lysine 9 (H3K9me1/2) when bound with androgen receptor (AR) or estrogen receptor (ER). K4 demethylation causes transcription repression, while K9 demethylation may lead to activation of gene transcription. To investigate the target genes of LSD1 during BAT differentiaiton, we performed RNA-seq to profile the gene expression in brown adipocytes treated with DMSO or LSD1 inhibitor 611 (Cpd A) for 6 days, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was then employed to identify Gene Ontology (GO) terms that were significantly enriched.

2016-08-30 | GSE74900 | GEO

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