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Immunological landscape of human lymphoid explants during measles virus infection [BulkSeq]

ABSTRACT: In humans, lymph nodes are the primary site of measles virus (MeV) replication. To understand the immunological events that occur at this site, we infected human lymphoid tissue explants using a pathogenic strain of MeV that expresses GFP. We found that MeV infected between 5-15% of cells across donors. Using single cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) and flow cytometry, we found that while most of the 29 cell populations identified in the lymphoid culture were susceptible to MeV, there was a broad preferential infection of B cells and reduced infection of T cells. Further subsetting of T cells revealed that this reduction may be driven by the decreased infection of naïve T cells. Transcriptional changes in infected B cells were dominated by an interferon stimulated gene (ISG) signature. To determine which of these ISGs were most substantial, we evaluated the proteome of MeV-infected Raji cells by mass spectrometry. We found that IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, ISG15, CXCL10, MX2, and XAF1 proteins were the most highly induced, and positively correlated with their expression in the transcriptome. These data provide insight into the immunological events that occur in lymph nodes during infection and may lead to the development of therapeutic interventions.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE272426 | GEO | 2024/09/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Immunological landscape of human lymphoid explants during measles virus infection

Project description:In humans, lymph nodes are the primary site of measles virus (MeV) replication. To understand the immunological events that occur at this site, we infected human lymphoid tissue explants using a pathogenic strain of MeV that expresses GFP. We found that MeV infected between 5-15% of cells across donors. Using single cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) and flow cytometry, we found that while most of the 29 cell populations identified in the lymphoid culture were susceptible to MeV, there was a broad preferential infection of B cells and reduced infection of T cells. Further subsetting of T cells revealed that this reduction may be driven by the decreased infection of naïve T cells. Transcriptional changes in infected B cells were dominated by an interferon stimulated gene (ISG) signature. To determine which of these ISGs were most substantial, we evaluated the proteome of MeV-infected Raji cells by mass spectrometry. We found that IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, ISG15, CXCL10, MX2, and XAF1 proteins were the most highly induced, and positively correlated with their expression in the transcriptome. These data provide insight into the immunological events that occur in lymph nodes during infection and may lead to the development of therapeutic interventions.

2024-09-10 | PXD054861 | Pride

Immunological landscape of human lymphoid explants during measles virus infection [scRNA-seq]

2024-09-10 | GSE272481 | GEO

Transcriptome analysis of peripheral lymphoid tissue immediately before and after the detection of PrPSc in sheep scrapie 2

Project description:Sheep scrapie is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), which are invariably fatal neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Accumulation of the misfolded prion protein, PrPSc in the CNS results in progressive neurodegenerative disease. For many transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), peripheral lymphoid tissue is an important site of PrPSc amplification but without obvious immunological consequence. Susceptible VRQ homozygous New Zealand Cheviot sheep were infected with SSBP/1 scrapie by inoculation in the drainage area of the prescapular lymph nodes. PrPSc was consistently detected by immunohistology in these nodes at 50 days post infection (dpi). This study compares the genes and physiological pathways that are affected by the progression of TSE disease in the prescapular lymph nodes, focussing on time points immediately before (10 dpi) and after (50 dpi) the detection of disease-associated PrPSc.

2014-04-06 | E-MTAB-2330 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptome analysis of peripheral lymphoid tissue immediately before and after the detection of PrPSc in sheep scrapie

Project description:Sheep scrapie is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), which are invariably fatal neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Accumulation of the misfolded prion protein, PrPSc in the CNS results in progressive neurodegenerative disease. For many transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), peripheral lymphoid tissue is an important site of PrPSc amplification but without obvious immunological consequence. Susceptible VRQ homozygous New Zealand Cheviot sheep were infected with SSBP/1 scrapie by inoculation in the drainage area of the prescapular lymph nodes. PrPSc was consistently detected by immunohistology in these nodes at 50 days post infection (dpi). This study compares the genes and physiological pathways that are affected by the progression of TSE disease in the prescapular lymph nodes, focusing on time points immediately before (10 dpi) and after (50 dpi) the detection of disease-associated PrPSc.

2014-02-20 | E-MTAB-2327 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Immunological Proteome Resource (ImmPRes): Part two

Project description:Second dataset release from the Immunological Proteome Resource (ImmPRes). This dataset contains both lymphoid and myeloid populations. The whole list is as follows: Bone marrow derived eosinophils, bone marrow derived mast cells, bone marrow derived macrophages, NK cells, TH2 cells, TH17 cells, Cytotoxic T cells cultured in IL15 and Naive CD8+ T cells extractred from the lymph nodes of C57BL/6J mice.

2020-07-02 | PXD020091 | Pride

P14 T cells from C57BL6J draining lymph node after vaccinia-GP33

Project description:CD90.1 T cells were isolated from draining lymph nodes of vaccinia-GP33 infected ears 45 days post infection

2024-08-31 | GSE236283 | GEO

Fibroblastic reticular cells serve as primary immune checkpoint in visceral adipose tissues and secure peritoneal immunity

Project description:Immune protection of the body cavities depends on the swift activation of innate and adaptive immune responses in non-classical secondary lymphoid organs known as fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs). While it is well-established that fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are an integral component of the immune-stimulating infrastructure of lymph nodes and other classical secondary lymphoid organs, it has remained elusive whether and how FRCs in FALCs contribute to peritoneal immunity. Using FRC-specific gene targeting, we found that FALCs are underpinned by an elaborated FRC network and that initiation of peritoneal immunity was governed through FRC activation via MyD88-dependent innate immunological sensing. FRC-specific ablation of Myd88 expression blocked recruitment of inflammatory monocytes into FALCs and subsequent CD4+ T cell-dependent B-cell activation. Moreover, containment of Salmonella infection was compromised in conditionally Myd88-deficient mice indicating that FRCs in FALCs function as initial checkpoint in the orchestration of protective immune responses in the peritoneal cavity.

2018-06-12 | E-MTAB-6886 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A Tessellated Lymphoid Network Provides Whole-Body Antigen Surveillance in Zebrafish

Project description:T cells survey the host for cognate antigen in mammals by trafficking to and searching within lymph nodes distributed throughout the body. Non-mammalian jawed vertebrates lack lymph nodes but still maintain highly diverse repertoires of T cells. How these T cells find antigen in hosts devoid of lymph nodes remains wholly unclear. In this study, we exploit the in vivo imaging amenability of the zebrafish to investigate T cell organization, trafficking, and antigen surveillance in an animal completely lacking lymph nodes. We find that T cells organize into a previously undescribed whole-body scale-associated pattern that we have named the tessellated lymphoid network (TLN). We find that the TLN harbors significantly more T cells than the gills, gut, kidney, and spleen, as well as populations of antigen-presenting cells, suggesting a central role in adaptive immune responses in fish. Within the TLN, T cells perform a highly directional ballistic streaming mode of motility, allowing them to traffic through the host in a coordinated ventral-to-dorsal loop. Local infection results in a dramatic shift in T cell motility, from rapid streaming to a slower random walk in regions proximal to the infection. Here, T cells sequentially interact with and ultimately form stable contacts with antigen-presenting cells. Finally, T cells within the TLN of infected fish show transcriptional changes consistent with TCR signaling and subsequent T cell activation. The TLN thus provides a mechanism for T cells to both traffic through the host and, in the context of an infection, effectively scan for and detect antigen, mirroring the function of lymph nodes in mammals.

2023-04-06 | GSE215189 | GEO

Expression profiling of the host and the Ovine Herpesvirus 2 pathogen during malignant catarrhal fever of cattle

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE13852: Expression profiling of Bos taurus lymph nodes upon infection with Ovine Herpesvirus 2 GSE13853: Expression profiling of Ovine Herpesvirus 2-infected lymph nodes from Bos taurus Refer to individual Series

2010-05-15 | E-GEOD-13854 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing of CD4+ T cells from mice developmentally exposed to vehicle or TCDD prior to and during influenza infection

Project description:We used Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) to compare DNA methylation patterns across the genome of CD4+ T cells. Specifically, mice were developmentally exposed to vehicle or TCDD. At adulthood, CD4+ T cells were purified from peripheral lymph nodes of naive animals or the mediastinal lymph nodes of influenza A virus (IAV) infected mice (9 days post infection). DNA was isolated from these cells, and WGBS was performed. Differential DNA methylation analyses revealed that both developmental exposure and IAV infection influence the pattern of DNA methylation in CD4+ T cells.

2021-01-21 | GSE143893 | GEO

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