Dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis KC1 alleviates the negative effects of Mycoplasma gallisepticum on growth performance and amino acid metabolism of broiler chickens
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to explore whether, and if so, how Bacillus subtilis KC1 can enhance the growth performance of broilers that have been adversely affected by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection. A total of 96 1-day-old male broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group (basal diet), the MG group (basal diet + MG challenge), the Bacillus subtilis KC1 group (basal diet + Bacillus subtilis KC1 supplementation), the Bacillus subtilis KC1 + MG group (basal diet + Bacillus subtilis KC1 supplementation + MG challenge). The trial lasted 42 days, and the results showed that the MG group had significantly reduced body weight and average daily gain, as well as increased feed conversion ratio of broilers, compared to the control group. Dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis KC1 significantly improved the growth performance of MG-infected broilers. In addition, dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis KC1 significantly improved oxidative stress and inflammatory response markers, characterized by increased superoxide dismutase levels and reduced levels of malondialdehyde, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Furthermore, both metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses indicated that MG infection markedly disrupted amino acid metabolism in broilers, whereas Bacillus subtilis KC1 supplementation alleviated the abnormal amino acid metabolism caused by MG infection. These results suggested that Bacillus subtilis KC1 may alleviate the poor growth performance caused by MG infection in broilers by improving amino acid metabolism.
Project description:The broilers were randomly allotted to four treatment groups (Con, DEX, P8, and DEX+P8 groups) with 10 replicates per group (10 broilers per replicate). Broilers in the Con and DEX groups were fed a basal diet. Broilers in the P8 and DEX+P8 groups were fed a basal diet containing 1 × 108 CFU/g P8. At 16 days of age, broilers in the DEX and DEX+P8 groups were injected with 3 mg/kg body weight DEX (200 μL), whereas broilers in the Con group were injected with an equal volume of saline.
Project description:PNPase is the primary RNA turnover enzyme in Bacillus subtilis and plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression. To investigate the life activities that PNPase participated in Bacillus subtilis 9407, RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (RIP-seq) analysis was performed to pinpoint the direct RNA targets of PNPase using 6×his-tagged PNPase (PNPase group) and PNPaseD493A (D493A group) constructs that were driven by the IPTG-induced Pgrac promoter.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of C. elegans young adult worms cultured on non-pathogenic Bacillus subtilis strain 67 versus age-matched worms cultured on the control lab food E. coli OP50. The goal was to identify genes regulated in response to differences in diet, which potentially confer immunity to later exposures to pathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis DB27.
Project description:A total of 16 healthy Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire weaned piglets (35 d of age) with an average body weight (BW) of 12.39 ± 0.24 kg were randomly allotted to two treatments with 8 piglets per treatment. The weaned piglets in the control group were fed the basal diet, and the ZEA3.0 treatment was the basal diet supplemented with 3.0 mg/kg ZEA. The basal diet prepared according to the National Research Council (NRC, 2012) The official experimental period was 32 days. After the experiment, four jejunum samples from each group were randomly selected for proteomic analysis.
Project description:Selenium (Se) is an essential cofactor of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase beside other functions. The evaluation of optimal selenium supplementation in chicken feed and the subsequent effects on animal health and performance requires comprehensive knowledge of the overall metabolic effects of selenium. Therefore the gene expression was measured in the control group with a standard diet and in the group with a Se supplemented diet (0.5mg Se/kg diet) to determine significantly altered gene expression. The selenium was supplemented in the form of selenized yeast (Se-yeast), which mainly consists of organic Se in the form of L-selenomethionine and L-selenocysteine. The control group received a diet, which contained 70μg of Se / kg diet and the Se-yeast group 620μg of Se / kg diet (analyzed).
Project description:An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of rye, a model ingredient to increase gut viscosity, between 14 and 28 days of age on immune competence related parameters and performance of broiler. A total number of 960 one-day-old male Ross 308 chicks were weighed and randomly allocated to 24 pens (40 birds per pen), and the birds in every 8 replicate pens were assigned to one of three experimental diets including graded levels, 0%, 5%, and 10% of rye. Tested immune competence related parameters were composition of the intestinal microbiota, genes expression in gut tissue, and gut morphology. The inclusion of 5% or 10% rye in the diet (d14-28) resulted in decreased performance and litter quality, but in increased villus height and crypt depth in the small intestine (jejunum) of the broilers. Relative bursa and spleen weights were not affected by dietary inclusion of rye. In the jejunum, no effects on number and size of goblet cells, and only trends on microbiota composition in the digesta were observed. Dietary inclusion of rye affected expression of genes involved in cell cycle processes of the jejunal enterocyte cells, thereby influencing cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival, which in turn were consistent with the observed differences in the morphology of the gut wall. In addition, providing rye-rich diets to broilers affected the complement and coagulation pathways, which are parts of the innate immune system. These pathways are involved in eradicating invasive pathogens. Overall, it can be concluded that inclusion of 5% or 10% rye to the grower diet of broilers had limited effects on performance. Ileal gut morphology, microbiota composition of jejunal digesta, and gene expression profiles of jejunal tissue, however, were affected by dietary rye inclusion level, indicating that rye supplementation to broiler diets might affect immune competence of the birds.
Project description:Sialyllactose supplementation in pig milk replacer could promote cognitive functions in postnatal piglet behaviour experiment. There are 2 groups of 3-day-old postnatal piglets, feeding basal level and sialyllactose. After 35 days feeding, sialyllactose group showed better performance in behaviour experiment. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying the nervous system development and memory formation.