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TFE3 fusion oncoprotein condensates drive epigenetic reprogramming and cancer progression [CUT&RUN]

ABSTRACT: Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) presents a significant clinical challenge due to its aggressiveness and limited treatment options. This cancer is primarily driven by fusion oncoproteins (FOs) arising from chromosomal rearrangements, yet their role in oncogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here we investigate TFE3 fusion in tRCC, focusing on NONO::TFE3 and SFPQ::TFE3, constituting 30-40% of all TFE3 FOs. We find that TFE3 FOs form liquid-like condensates with heightened transcriptional activity, selectively recruiting active transcription markers to TFE3 target genes and promoting cell proliferation, migration, and drug resistance. The coiled-coil domains (CCD) of NONO and SFPQ are essential for condensate formation, prolonging TFE3 FOs' chromatin binding time and enhancing transcription. We comprehensively investigated the genome-wide recruitment of TFE3 FOs and their CCD-altered variants, uncovering widespread changes in chromatin accessibility and genomic binding specifically at TFE3 and AP-1 regulated loci. We also observe altered H3K27ac deposition at enhancers and super-enhancers notably at pro-growth and stemness markers such as BCL2 and CD44, and identify novel oncogenic target genes of TFE3 FOs. Disruption of condensate formation, resulting from CCD domain alterations in FOs, robustly dysregulates their role in chromatin accessibility, chromatin binding, H3K27ac occupancy, and gene expression. Altogether our integrated analyses underscore the critical functions of TFE3 FO condensates in driving RCC progression, offering pivotal insights for future targeted therapeutic strategies.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE281165 | GEO | 2025/04/02

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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TFE3 fusion oncoprotein condensates drive epigenetic reprogramming and cancer progression [ATAC-Seq]

Project description:Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) presents a significant clinical challenge due to its aggressiveness and limited treatment options. This cancer is primarily driven by fusion oncoproteins (FOs) arising from chromosomal rearrangements, yet their role in oncogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here we investigate TFE3 fusion in tRCC, focusing on NONO::TFE3 and SFPQ::TFE3, constituting 30-40% of all TFE3 FOs. We find that TFE3 FOs form liquid-like condensates with heightened transcriptional activity, selectively recruiting active transcription markers to TFE3 target genes and promoting cell proliferation, migration, and drug resistance. The coiled-coil domains (CCD) of NONO and SFPQ are essential for condensate formation, prolonging TFE3 FOs' chromatin binding time and enhancing transcription. We comprehensively investigated the genome-wide recruitment of TFE3 FOs and their CCD-altered variants, uncovering widespread changes in chromatin accessibility and genomic binding specifically at TFE3 and AP-1 regulated loci. We also observe altered H3K27ac deposition at enhancers and super-enhancers notably at pro-growth and stemness markers such as BCL2 and CD44, and identify novel oncogenic target genes of TFE3 FOs. Disruption of condensate formation, resulting from CCD domain alterations in FOs, robustly dysregulates their role in chromatin accessibility, chromatin binding, H3K27ac occupancy, and gene expression. Altogether our integrated analyses underscore the critical functions of TFE3 FO condensates in driving RCC progression, offering pivotal insights for future targeted therapeutic strategies.

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TFE3 fusion oncoprotein condensates drive epigenetic reprogramming and cancer progression

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CUT&RUN sequencing of human kidney tubuloid to study genome-wide binding site in tRCC patients

Project description:Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is a rare, aggressive kidney cancer primarily occurring in children. They are genetically defined by translocations involving MiT/TFE gene family members, TFE3. We utilized human kidney organoids, or tubuloids, to engineer a tRCC model by expressing of one of the most common MiT/TFE fusions, SFPQ-TFE3. Lentiviral transductions were performed as previously described with lentiviruses encoding either pLKO.1-UbC-luciferase-blast (TubCtrl), pLKO.1-UbC-TFE3-blast (TubTFE3), or pLKO.1-UbC-SFPQ-TFE3-blast (TubFus). Two days post transduction, 5 µg/ml blasticidin was added to the culture medium to select for successfully transduced cells. To study the genome-wide binding sites of the fusion, we conducted CUT&RUN sequencing. CUT&RUN experiments were performed using a modified protocol for low cell numbers using the following antibodies: anti-TFE3 (ab93808, Abcam, 1:2000). Libraries were sequenced using an Illumina NextSeq2000 (2x100bp).

2024-10-01 | E-MTAB-13900 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is a rare, aggressive kidney cancer primarily occurring in children. They are genetically defined by translocations involving MiT/TFE gene family members, TFE3 or, rarely, TFEB. The biology underlying tRCC development remains poorly understood, partly due to the lack of representative experimental models. We utilized human kidney organoids, or tubuloids, to engineer a tRCC model by expressing one of the most common MiT/TFE fusions, SFPQ-TFE3. Fusion expressing tubuloids adopt a tRCC-like phenotype and gene expression signature in vitro and grow as clear cell RCC upon xenotransplantation in mice. Genome-wide binding analysis suggests that SFPQ-TFE3 reprograms gene expression signatures by aberrant genome-wide DNA binding. Combining these analyses with single-cell mRNA readouts reveals a derailed epithelial differentiation trajectory that is at the root of transformation towards tRCC. Our study demonstrates that SFPQ-TFE3 expression is sufficient to transform kidney epithelial cells into tRCC and defines the trajectories underlying malignant transformation.

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Comparative genomics incorporating translocation renal cell carcinoma mouse model reveals molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis

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TFE3 fusion proteins drive oxidative metabolism, ferroptosis resistance and general RNA synthesis in translocation renal cell carcinoma. [Cut and Tag/ChIP-seq]

Project description:The oncogenic mechanisms by which TFE3 fusion proteins drive translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) are poorly characterised. Here, we integrated loss and gain of function experiments with multi-omics analyses in tRCC cell lines and patient tumors. High nuclear accumulation of NONO-TFE3 or PRCC-TFE3 fusion proteins promotes their broad binding across the genome, engaging a core set of M/E-box-containing regulatory elements to activate specific gene expression programs as well as promiscuous binding to active promoters to stimulate mRNA synthesis. Within the core program, TFE3 fusions directly regulate genes involved in ferroptosis resistance and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism (OxPhos) increasing functional OxPhos levels. Consequently, human tRCC tumors display high OxPhos scores that persist during their epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT of tRCC tumours was further associated with presence of mesenchymal tRCC cancer cells and myofibroblast cancer-associated fibroblasts (myCAFs) that are both hallmarks of poor prognostic outcomes. We provide unique insights into how broad genomic binding of TFE3 fusion proteins promotes tRCC tumourigenesis by regulating OxPhos and ferroptosis resistance and more generally stimulating RNA synthesis.

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TFE3 fusion proteins drive oxidative metabolism, ferroptosis resistance and general RNA synthesis in translocation renal cell carcinoma. [RNA-seq]

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Analysis of microRNA expression profiles in Xp11 renal cell carcinoma compared to normal adjacent tissue.

Project description:Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) with Xp11 translocation (Xp11 RCC) constitute a distinctive molecular subtype characterized by chromosomal translocations involving the Xp11.2 locus, resulting in gene fusions between the TFE3 transcription factor with a second gene (usually ASPSCR1, PRCC, NONO, or SFPQ). RCCs with Xp11 translocations comprise up to 1-4% of adult cases, frequently displaying papillary architecture with epithelioid clear cells.

2017-04-27 | GSE95384 | GEO

Shared sequence features of diverse oncofusions promote gain-of-function RNA Pol II partitioning to drive gene activation

Project description:Translocation renal cell carcinoma is a rare but aggressive cancer driven by oncogenic fusions between the DNA-binding transcription factor TFE3 and diverse subunits. We have found that these diverse fusions promote condensate formation and activation of target genes. To investigate what the condensates formed by different TFE3 fusions partition we used a cell-free method relying on condensate reconstitution within a nuclear extract. Using recombinant purified PRCC-TFE3 or ASPL-TFE3, we reconstituted condensates in a soluble nuclear extract. The extract was then fractionated by centrifugation into a supernatant and pellet. For each fusion supernatant and pellet fractions were collected in triplicate. Samples were individually labeled using a 6-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) post-tryptic isobaric labeling strategy and the three supernatant and three pellet fractions of each fusion were mixed and analyzed by LC-MS to provide quantitative measurements of partitioning. In summary, we deposit 2 TMT 6-plex samples which represent triplicates for each PRCC-TFE3 (1071162 F1-8) and ASPL-TFE3 (1069084 F1-8). TMT labels 126, 127, 128: Sup TMT labels 129, 130, 131: Pellet

2024-05-08 | MSV000094715 | MassIVE

DETECTION OF FOUR NOVEL RENAL TUMORS CASES HARBORING RBM10-TFE3 FUSIONS

Project description:Microphtalmia-associated-transcriptional-factor-family translocation renal cell carcinoma (MiTF-tRCC) currently includes two main subtypes: “TFEB-tRCC” most often characterized by a t(6;11)(p21;q13) that generates a fusion of TFEB with MALAT1 and “TFE3-tRCC” characterized by rearrangements of TFE3 at Xp11.23 (2-3) that produce a variety of fusion genes. FISH is a handy method in routine practice that allows the detection of a rearrangement of TFE3. However, it reaches its limits in cases of micro-inversions or insertions: in fact paracentric microinversions that involve GRIPAP1 (Xp11.23) (23, Classe) or RBM10 (Xp11.3), very close to TFE3 , are most often undetectable.We report the clinical, immunohistological, genomic and molecular description of four novel TFE3-tRCC with RBM10-TFE3 fusion detected by targeted RNASeq analysis that illustrate the difficulties of diagnosis, especially in reason of disconcerting negative TFE3 FISH results.

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