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Spermidine restricts neonatal inflammation via metabolic shaping of PMN-MDSCs [CUT&Tag]

ABSTRACT: Newborns exhibit a heightened vulnerability to inflammatory disorders due to their underdeveloped immune system, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we report that plasma spermidine is correlated with the maturity of human newborns and reduced risk of inflammation. Administration of spermidine led to the remission of neonatal inflammation in mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that spermidine enhanced the generation of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) via downstream eIF5A hypusination (eIF5A-Hyp). Genetic deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS), a key enzyme of eIF5A-Hyp, diminished the immunosuppressive activity of PMN-MDSCs, leading to aggravated neonatal inflammation. The eIF5A-Hyp pathway was found to enhance mitochondrial function via histone acetylation-mediated epigenetic transcription of immunosuppressive signatures in PMN-MDSCs. These findings demonstrated spermidine-eIF5A-Hyp metabolic axis as a master switch to restrict neonatal inflammation.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE287179 | GEO | 2025/04/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Spermidine restricts neonatal inflammation via metabolic shaping of PMN-MDSCs

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: Hypusine Biosynthesis in β Cells Links Polyamine Metabolism to Facultative Cellular Proliferation to Maintain Glucose Homeostasis

Project description:: Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) utilizes the polyamine spermidine to catalyze the hypusine modification of the mRNA translation factor eIF5A and promotes oncogenesis through poorly-defined mechanisms. Because germline deletion of Dhps is embryonically lethal, its role in normal postnatal cellular function in vivo remains unknown. We generated a mouse model that allows for inducible, postnatal deletion of Dhps specifically in postnatal islet β cells, which function to maintain glucose homeostasis. Removal of Dhps did not have an effect under normal physiologic conditions. However, upon development of insulin resistance, which induces β-cell proliferation, Dhps deletion caused alterations in proteins required for mRNA translation, reduced production of the cell cycle molecule Cyclin D2, impaired β-cell proliferation, and overt diabetes. We found that hypusine biosynthesis was downstream of protein kinase C-ζ and was required for c-Myc-induced proliferation. Our studies reveal a requirement for DHPS in β cells to link polyamines to mRNA translation to effect facultative cellular proliferation and glucose homeostasis.

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