To study the relationship between 5-HT7 gene expressions and the expression of the glycan binding protein NCAM
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE31924 | GEO | 2011/09/06
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA145045
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Adult Neurogenesis and Gene Expression Changes in 5-HT7 Receptor Knockout Mice: In the adult, the formation of new nerve cells in the CNS is restricted to the subependymal layer and to the subgranular zone of the hippocampus (Duman et al., 2001). Clinically adult neurogenesis has received most attention for its possible role in major depression. Depressed patients have reduced hippocampal neurogenesis (Kasper & McEwen, 2008) and hippocampal volume (Colla et al., 2007). It has also been shown that chronic, but not acute, treatment with currently widely used antidepressants, most notably fluoxetine, results in increased hippocampal neurogenesis (Malberg et al., 2000; Miller et al., 2007). Pharmacologically antidepressants act by elevating the amount of synaptic serotonin (5-HT) and they do that within minutes of administration, but the clinical effect is often delayed, sometimes for weeks (Miller et al., 2007). This delay is believed to involve changes in plasticity and neurogenesis. With currently available treatment options for depression 20% or more of patients do not respond to the therapy. Thus, there is a need for an increased understanding of the mechanism behind plasticity and neurogenesis, and for the development of improved therapies for depression. We have in an ongoing project with the aim to functionally characterize the 5-HT7 receptor, one of the most recently discovered receptor subtypes for 5-HT (Lovenberg et al., 1993). Interestingly, we have found that this receptor might be a new target for the treatment of depression. Inactivation or pharmacological blockade of this receptor induces an antidepressant-like profile in several preclinical models of depression (Hedlund et al., 2005; Guscott et al., 2005; Wesolowska et al., 2006a, 2006b) and in sleep patterns (Thomas et al., 2003; Hedlund et al., 2005). Of special interest is also the finding that inhibition of the 5-HT7 receptor potentiates the effect of antidepressants in behavioral models of depression (Wesolowska et al., 2007; Bonaventure et al., 2007). We have recently determined that mice lacking lacking the 5-HT7 receptor show a 25% decrease in the number of proliferating cells in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus compared to wildtype mice. The mice were treated with BrdU, a thymidine analog that is incorporated into the DNA of cells undergoing mitosis. BrdU was then detected immunohistochemically. Both wildtype and knockout mice responded to fluoxetine treatment with an increase in the number of dividing cells. The reduction in the number of dividing cells in the 5-HT7 receptor knockout mice seemingly contradicts the antidepressant-like profile previously observed in these mice, but might on the other hand help to explain previously observed impairments in hippocampus-dependent learning seen in the knockout mice (Roberts et al., 2004) and after pharmacological blockade (Meneses, 2004). The observation that 5-HT7 receptors influence neurogenesis constitutes an entirely new regulatory mechanism for this physiologically and pathophysiologically important process. In order to further understand hippocampal neurogenesis and how it is influenced by 5-HT in general and 5-HT7 receptors in particular we propose to perform a microarray study using the glycogene array designed by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics using total RNA from the hippocampus. A comparison will be made between young adult male mice lacking the 5-HT7 receptor and wildtype sibling controls. Such a study should yield new valuable insights into the pathways regulating neurogenesis. The glycogene array is of particular interest as it includes several genes that have been shown to be either directly or indirectly involved in adult neurogenesis and to be regulated by 5-HT and antidepressants. Of particular interest are cell adhesion molecules which are glycoproteins. One such molecule is NCAM, a marker for immature neurons undergoing remodeling and plasticity (Nakagawa et al., 2002), which is upregulated by fluoxetine treatment (Varea et al., 2006). In contrast, NCAM is downregulated following 5-HT depletion (Brezun & Daszuta, 1999). Chronic fluoxetine treatment has also been shown to upregulate neuropeptide Y, Galectin I, Activin A receptor and Inhibin beta-A, all included in the glycogene array (Miller et al., 2007). Another relevant gene on the glycogene chip is ST8SiaIV (Nakagawa et al., 2002). Experimental Design: The hippocampus will be dissected and total RNA will be extracted according to recommended protocols for array studies. RNA from a sufficient number (2-3 animals) of male 5-HT7 receptor knockout mice will be pooled for each of the three replicates. Control samples will be similarly generated from wildtype siblings. The 5-HT7 receptor mice are on a genetically homogeneous background (backcrossed for 16 generation on a C57BL6/J background) so inter-animal variability should be negligible. The RNA will be analyzed on the glycogene array. 3 KO replicates + 3 WT replicates per glycogene array = 6 arrays
2011-09-05 | E-GEOD-31924 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Dynamic transcriptome analysis of osmotic stress response. Unperturbed RNA synthesis and decay rates can be obtained via metabolic RNA labeling and kinetic modeling (Cleary et al, 2005; Kenzelmann et al, 2007; Dolken et al, 2008; Friedel and Dolken, 2009; Miller et al, 2009). The nucleoside analog 4-thiouridine (4sU) is taken up by eukaryotic cells and incorporated into mRNA during Pol II transcription (Melvin et al, 1978). The thiol-labeled newly transcribed RNA can then be isolated by affinity chromatography (Kenzelmann et al, 2007) or by biotinylation and purification with streptavidin-coated magnetic beads (Cleary et al, 2005; Dolken et al, 2008).
2013-01-08 | E-MTAB-1059 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The critical role of the endothelium in governing vascular, tissues homeostasis and pathological processes is increasingly recognized (Deanfield et al., 2007). Cellular senescence of endothelial cells has been proposed to be involved in endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis (Minamino T et al., 2007), although the mechanisms underlying the aging induced attenuation of endothelium dependent functions are yet to be clarified. Recent evidences implicated overall miRNA levels and miRNA in regulating angiogenesis and endothelial function (Suarez et al., 2007; Kuehbacher et al., 2007; Harris et al., 2008; Fish et al. 2008; Wang et al., 2008).
2009-09-29 | GSE14912 | GEO
Project description:Emerging evidence has shown that noncoding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), contribute to the pathogenesis of mood and anxiety disorders, although the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we show altered levels of miR-17-92 in adult hippocampal neural progenitors have a significant impact in neurogenesis and anxiety- and depression-related behaviors in mice. miR-17-92 deletion in adult neural progenitors causes a decrease, while its overexpression an increase of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, through regulating genes in the glucocorticoid pathway, especially serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible protein kinase-1 (Sgk1). miR-17-92 knockout mice show anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, whereas miR-17-92 overexpressing mice exhibit anxiolytic and antidepression-like behaviors. Furthermore, we show that miR-17-92 expression in the adult mouse hippocampus responds to chronic stress, and miR-17-92 rescues proliferation defects, induced by corticosterone, in hippocampal neural progenitors. Our study uncovers a crucial role for miR-17-92 in adult neural progenitors to regulate neurogenesis and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors.
2016-12-09 | GSE83636 | GEO
Project description:miR-17-92 cluster regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis, anxiety and depression
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Project description:Down syndrome (DS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by an extra copy of human chromosome 21 (HSA21). People with Down syndrome have poor motor skills and speech, impaired adaptive behavior, and cognition deficits. (Carlesimo et al., 1997; Contestabile et al., 2010; Roizen and Patterson, 2003; Sherman et al., 2007; Vicari et al., 2000). At the brain anatomical level, DS is characterized by structural deficiencies in diverse regions. These deficits include hippocampal and cortical growth reduction, abnormal lamination and differentiation of neurons, decreased dendritic branching and spine density, and abnormal synaptic plasticity (Kazemi et al., 2016; Rachidi and Lopes, 2011). Even though the genetic cause of DS was discovered in 1959 (Megarbane et al., 2009), we still do not know the precise mechanisms by which triplication of HSA21 genes leads to neuroanatomical and neurobehavioral phenotypes in DS individuals. Moreover, a fundamental question in DS is to discover the impact of the triplication of chromosome 21 on the global expression regulation of non-triplicated genes (Letourneau et al., 2014) and how these profound changes at the genetic level translate to phenotypic changes in DS individuals. Finally, drug treatments targeting various putative molecular pathways are effective in rescuing cognition in DS animals. Nevertheless, while the preclinical studies performed in diverse mouse models of DS have reported improvement in cognitive deficits, the same drugs have failed to replicate all the good and promising effects when administered to people with DS during clinical trials (Rueda et al., 2020). Therefore, there is a notable need in strongly extending our understanding of DS in humans. Global gene expression analysis at the mRNA or protein level with different techniques have reported interesting findings on disparate DS-derived samples (fibroblasts, circulating immune cells, and amniocytes) (Guedj et al., 2016; Stamoulis et al., 2019; Waugh et al., 2019; Lanzillotta et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2017. Liu et al., 2018; Sommer et al., 2008) or iPSC-derived neurons obtained from DS individuals (Gonzales et al., 2018; Huo et al., 2018; Sobel et al., 2019). However, only a few studies have directly assessed global mRNA dysregulation in the adult DS brains by microarray hybridization (Lockstone et al., 2007; Olmos-Serrano et al., 2016). Although the latter studies have provided interesting information about the significant cellular pathways altered in trisomy, they lacked the depth, sensitivity, and isoform specificity that characterize modern gene expression analysis by next-generation sequencing (NGS). In this regard, another study used single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to profile aging DS brains (Palmer et al., 2021). Although this cutting-edge technique can deliver high-level information for the characterization of cellular diversity in brain tissues, this comes at the cost of profiling less number of genes (Bakken et al., 2018) and the possibility of missing the specific signature of important pathological processes (Thrupp et al., 2020). Moreover, none of these studies addressed the other side of the coin, assessing the corresponding changes in protein expression. In fact, the question of how well the transcriptome expression profiles match with those at the protein level remains largely unanswered. Large-scale analysis of transcriptome and proteome of the human brain would therefore provide a more comprehensive data-driven approach to identify dysregulated biological processes or genes/proteins co-expression networks as drivers of disease pathogenesis and prioritize the development of corresponding therapeutic interventions. Here, we took a multi-level data acquisition and interpretation approach to integrate in-depth transcriptomics and proteomics data in parallel from the same set of human brain samples to identify dysregulated expression networks in DS, a complex and multigenic neurodevelopmental disorder. We also provide unprecedented evidence of changes in mRNA transcript (isoform) expression, and to our knowledge, a first integrative analysis to identify alternative splicing, RNA binding proteins, and miRNAs as crucial intermediate regulatory steps in DS. Our data provide molecular information signatures that consistently repeat at gene, transcript, and protein levels and may function as critical players in DS pathophysiology. In particular, our multi-level data pinpoint to alteration in cell projection genes that translate into defects in axon and dendrites formation, which we find in DS iPSC derived neurons and primary hippocampal culture from a murine DS model.
2024-06-03 | PXD038791 | Pride
Project description:CD47 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is ubiquitously expressed in different organs and tissues (Barclay and Van den Berg 2014; Liu, et al. 2017). In the human immune system, CD47 interacts with some integrins, two counter-receptor signal regulator protein (SIRP) family members, and the secreted thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) (Barclay and Van den Berg 2014; Gao, et al. 2016; Kaur, et al. 2013; Oldenborg, et al. 2000). CD47 has two established roles in the immune system. The CD47-SIRPα interaction was identified as a critical innate immune checkpoint, which delivers an antiphagocytic signal to macrophages and inhibits neutrophil cytotoxicity (Martínez- Sanz, et al. 2021). Its interaction with inhibitory SIRPα is a physiological anti-phagocytic “don’t eat me” signal on circulating red blood cells that is co-opted by cancer cells (Matlung, et al. 2017). Many malignant cells overexpress CD47 (Betancur, et al. 2017; Chao, et al. 2011; Jaiswal, et al. 2009; Majeti, et al. 2009; Oronsky, et al. 2020; Petrova, et al. 2017). CD47/SIRPα-targeted therapeutics have been developed to overcome this immune checkpoint for cancer treatment (Kaur, et al. 2020; Matlung, et al. 2017). Secondly, engagement of CD47 on T cells by TSP1 regulates their differentiation and survival (Grimbert, et al. 2006; Lamy, et al. 2007) and inhibits T cell receptor signaling and antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) (Kaur, et al. 2014; Li, et al. 2002; Liu, et al. 2015; Miller, et al. 2013; Soto-Pantoja, et al. 2014; Weng, et al. 2014). TSP1/CD47 signaling has similar inhibitory functions to limit NK cell activation (Kim, et al. 2008; Nath, et al. 2018; Nath, et al. 2019; Schwartz, et al. 2019) and IL1β production by macrophages (Stein, et al. 2016). CD47 is therefore a checkpoint that regulates both innate and adaptive immunity. The recent understanding of CD47 antagonism associated with increased antigen presentation by DCs (Liu, et al. 2016) and natural killer cell cytotoxicity (Nath, et al. 2019) contributes to the heightened interest in CD47 as a therapeutic target (Kaur, et al. 2020).
2022-09-21 | GSE198820 | GEO
Project description:AMPA receptors are involved not only in neuronal plasticity but also in excitotoxicity, mediated largely by the influx of Ca2+ (Choi et al., 1988). Their implication has been highlighted in animal models of ischemia and epilepsy. Studies of ischemic rodent models featured that prior to cell death, hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells exhibit an increased AMPA receptor-mediated Ca2+ influx and decreased GluR2 and GluR3 mRNA and protein levels (Gorter et al., 1997; Heuerteaux et al., 1995).
2013-12-31 | GSE22993 | GEO
Project description:Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exhibit progressive memory loss, depression, and anxiety, accompanied by impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). Whether modulating AHN is sufficient to improve these cognitive and noncognitive symptoms in AD remains elusive. Here we report that chronic stimulation of hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus (SuM) during early AD restores AHN in an otherwise impaired neurogenic niche. Strikingly, activation of SuM-enhanced adult-born neurons (ABNs) is sufficient to restore memory and emotion deficits in 5×FAD mice. Interestingly, activation of SuM-enhanced ABNs in AD mice increases CA3 and CA1 activity. To probe ABN-activity-dependent changes, we performed quantitative phosphoproteomics and found activation of SuM-enhanced ABNs promotes activation of the canonical pathways related to synaptic plasticity and microglia phagocytosis. Functional assays further confirm increased CA1 long-term potentiation and enhanced microglia phagocytosis of plaques upon activation of SuM-enhanced ABNs. Our findings reveal a robust AHN-promoting strategy that is sufficient to restore AD-associated deficits and highlight ABN-activity-dependent mechanisms underlying functional improvement in AD.
2023-03-08 | PXD034176 | Pride
Project description:We performed a comprehensive survey of DR and MR serotonin neurons in the adult mouse brain by scRNA-seq. To specifically label serotonin neurons, we crossed Sert-Cre mice (Gong et al., 2007) with the tdTomato Cre reporter mouse, Ai14 (Madisen et al., 2010). (Serotonin transporter, or Sert, is a marker for serotonin neurons; see more details below.) We collected serotonin neurons acutely dissociated from brain slices by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and used Smart-seq2 (Picelli et al., 2013) to generate scRNA-seq libraries.
2019-08-01 | GSE135132 | GEO