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Expression data from human primary fibroblasts (IMR90) stably expressing H-RasV12 and shRNA against ERK2 or a non-targeting shRNA

ABSTRACT: Oncogenic ras activates several signaling pathways that cooperate in cell transformation. They include the ERK/MAP kinase pathway, the PI3K pathway and the Ral pathway among others. Surprisingly, in primary human fibroblasts, oncogenic ras expression induces senescence not transformation, but upon knockdown of ERK2 senescence is bypassed and transformation is stimulated. We used microarrays to characterize the gene expression programme of cells transformed by oncogenic ras, telomerase and knockdown of the ERK2 kinase.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE33613 | GEO | 2014/10/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA148509

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Expression data from human primary fibroblasts (IMR90) stably expressing H-RasV12 and shRNA against ERK2 or a non-targeting shRNA

Project description:Oncogenic ras activates several signaling pathways that cooperate in cell transformation. They include the ERK/MAP kinase pathway, the PI3K pathway and the Ral pathway among others. Surprisingly, in primary human fibroblasts, oncogenic ras expression induces senescence not transformation, but upon knockdown of ERK2 senescence is bypassed and transformation is stimulated. We used microarrays to characterize the gene expression programme of cells transformed by oncogenic ras, telomerase and knockdown of the ERK2 kinase. Primary human fibroblasts were co-infected with a retroviral vector that expresses oncogenic ras and either a control shRNA or an shRNA against ERK2. Cells with oncogenic ras and shRNA control entered senescence while cells with oncogenic ras and shRNA ERK2 bypassed senescence and underwent malignant transformation. Triplicates of these populations were used to purify total RNA, which we sent to Genome Quebec service for hybridization with Affymetrix microarrays.

2014-10-01 | E-GEOD-33613 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of ERK1 and ERK2 knockdown in zebrafish embryos at blastula stage

Project description:ERK1 and ERK2 MAPKs are intensively studied signaling proteins that are involved in numerous cellular processes and signaling networks. However, their specific functions in embryonic development remain elusive. The upstream activation pathways for ERK1 and ERK2 are considered to be highly similar, and also many of their downstream targets are considered as common, but still relatively few in vivo downstream targets of these kinases have been identified conclusively. Recent mice studies indicate distinct roles for both ERKs in cellular proliferation, oncogenic transformation and development. <br><br>Microarray experiments were performed to compare morpholino mediated knockdown of ERK1 versus ERK2 in zebrafish development. These two conditions were compared to a standard control morpholino condition. To exclude possible effects of the control morpholino at a transcriptional level, we also performed the transciptome-analysis of the control morpholino, to an injection control (injection with phenol red).

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Differentially expressed genes between oncogene-introduced wild-type and Atf4-/- cells

Project description:During oncogenic transformation, cells acquire genetic mutations that override the normal mechanisms regulating cellular proliferation. Excessive expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is often observed in mammalian malignant tumors. However, little is known about the role of ATF4 in the malignant transformation of normal cells. Here, we show that ATF4 promotes oncogene-induced malignant transformation of murine fibroblasts by suppressing the expression of cellular senescence-associated genes. Ectopic expression of oncogenes, H-rasV12 and simian virus 40 large T-antigen, elicited malignant transformation of embryonic fibroblasts from wild-type mice, but not from Atf4-null (Atf4-/-) mice. The oncogenic stresses induced the expression of both Atf4 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2a (Cdkn2a), in wild-type cells. Elevated levels of ATF4 successively suppressed the expression of cdkn2a encoding the cellular senescence-associated proteins, p16INK4a and p19ARF, thereby promoting oncogenic transformation. Conversely, the loss of ATF4 caused cellular senescence resulting from the consistent expression of p16INK4a and p19ARF. These findings reveal a novel function of ATF4: that of promoting oncogenic transformation by suppressing cellular senescence. Total 2 samples were derived from [1] H-Ras and SV40T expressing vector-transfected wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and [2] H-Ras and SV40T expressing vector-transfected Atf4-/- MEFs

2011-08-16 | E-GEOD-31405 | biostudies-arrayexpress

(Full Proteome) Kinase Suppressor of RAS 1 (KSR1) maintains the transformed phenotype of BRAFV600E mutant human melanoma cells

Project description:KSR1 is a scaffolding protein for the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway, which is one of the most frequently altered pathways in human cancers. Previous results have shown that KSR1 has a critical role in mutant RAS mediated transformation. Here, we examined the role of KSR1 in mutant BRAF transformation. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out KSR1 in a BRAFV600E transformed melanoma cell line. KSR1 loss produced a complex phenotype characterized by impaired proliferation, cell cycle defects, decreased transformation, decreased invasive migration, increased cellular senescence, and increased apoptosis. To decipher this phenotype, we used a combination of proteomic ERK substrate profiling, global protein expression profiling, and biochemical validation assays. The results suggest that KSR1 directs ERK to phosphorylate substrates that have a critical role in ensuring cell survival. The results furtherindicate that KSR1 loss induces the activation of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and subsequent cell cycle aberrations and senescence. In summary, KSR1 function plays a key role in oncogenic BRAF transformation.

2023-08-15 | PXD036265 | Pride

(AP-MS) Kinase Suppressor of RAS 1 (KSR1) maintains the transformed phenotype of BRAFV600E mutant human melanoma cells

Project description:KSR1 is a scaffolding protein for the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway, which is one of the most frequently altered pathways in human cancers. Previous results have shown that KSR1 has a critical role in mutant RAS mediated transformation. Here, we examined the role of KSR1 in mutant BRAF transformation. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out KSR1 in a BRAFV600E transformed melanoma cell line. KSR1 loss produced a complex phenotype characterized by impaired proliferation, cell cycle defects, decreased transformation, decreased invasive migration, increased cellular senescence, and increased apoptosis. To decipher this phenotype, we used a combination of proteomic ERK substrate profiling, global protein expression profiling, and biochemical validation assays. The results suggest that KSR1 directs ERK to phosphorylate substrates that have a critical role in ensuring cell survival. The results further indicate that KSR1 loss induces the activation of p38 Mitogen- Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and subsequent cell cycle aberrations and senescence. In summary, KSR1 function plays a key role in oncogenic BRAF transformation.

2023-10-24 | PXD036261 | Pride

Influence of C/EBPβ 3'UTR on RasV12 induced gene expression

Project description:C/EBPb is an auto-repressed protein that becomes posttranslationally activated by Ras-MEK-ERK signalling. C/EBPb is required for oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) of primary fibroblasts, but also displays pro-oncogenic functions in many tumour cells. Here, we show that C/EBPb activation by H-RasV12 is suppressed in immortalized/transformed cells, but not in primary cells, by its 30 untranslated region (30UTR). 30UTR sequences inhibited Ras-induced cytostatic activity of C/EBPb, DNA binding, transactivation, phosphorylation, and homodimerization, without significantly affecting protein expression. The 30UTR suppressed induction of senescence-associated C/EBPb target genes, while promoting expression of genes linked to cancers and TGFb signalling. An AU-rich element (ARE) and its cognate RNA-binding protein, HuR, were required for 30UTR inhibition. These components also excluded the Cebpb mRNA from a perinuclear cytoplasmic region that contains activated ERK1/2, indicating that the site of C/EBPb translation controls de-repression by Ras signalling. Notably, 30UTR inhibition and Cebpb mRNA compartmentalization were absent in primary fibroblasts, allowing Ras-induced C/EBPb activation and OIS to proceed. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism whereby non-coding mRNA sequences selectively regulate C/EBPb activity and suppress its anti-oncogenic functions. NIH-3T3 cells were retrovirally infected and selected with appropriate antiobiotics. Equal number of cells were plated and collected 48-72 hours later.

2011-07-22 | E-GEOD-30834 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Influence of C/EBPβ 3'UTR on RasV12 induced gene expression

2011-07-23 | GSE30834 | GEO

RAS-induced transformation of mammary epithelial cells relies on ZEB1-dependent cellular reprogramming through a paracrine process

Project description:The distinct frequency of activation of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway in human cancers suggests a context-dependent cellular state of vulnerability to RAS transformation. While uncommon in breast cancers, oncogenic activation of this pathway is frequent in claudin-low (CL) tumors, a subtype of breast malignancies enriched in features of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), suggesting an interplay between RAS activation and EMT. Using inducible models of human mammary epithelial cells, we show that RAS-mediated transformation relies upon cellular reprogramming governed by the EMT-inducing transcription factor ZEB1. The path to ZEB1 induction involves a paracrine process: cells entering a senescent state following RAS induction release proinflammatory cytokines, notably IL-6 and IL1 which promote ZEB1 expression and activity in neighboring cells, thereby fostering their malignant transformation. Collectively, our findings unveil a previously unprecedented role for senescence in bridging RAS activation and EMT over the course of malignant transformation of human mammary epithelial cells.

2024-02-16 | GSE201536 | GEO

ERK2-dependent gene expression

Project description:ERK2-dependent gene expression

| PRJNA514405 | ENA

Characterization of active piRNAs and piRNA machinery in WRR-1 cells deficient for the Hippo pathway (deficient for the warts tumor suppressor) and expressing activated RasV12 (RNA-seq)

Project description:We have found that oncogenic Ras combined with loss of the Hippo tumour-suppressor pathway reactivates a primary piRNA pathway in Drosophila somatic cells, coincident with oncogenic transformation. In these cells, Piwi becomes loaded with piRNAs derived from generative loci, which are normally restricted to either the germline or the somatic follicle cells. Negating the pathway leads to increases in the expression of a wide variety of transposons and also to altered expression of some protein coding genes. This correlates with a reduction in the proliferation of the transformed cells in culture, suggesting that at least in this context, the piRNA pathway may play a functional role in cancer.

2016-08-01 | GSE83843 | GEO

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