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Yeast X-Chromosome Associated Protein 5 (Xap5) Functions with H2A.Z to Suppress Aberrant Transcripts

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Schizosaccharomyces pombe

PROVIDER: GSE46506 | GEO | 2014/07/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA200695

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Yeast X-chromosome-associated protein 5 (Xap5) functions with H2A.Z to suppress aberrant transcripts.

Project description:Chromatin regulatory proteins affect diverse developmental and environmental response pathways via their influence on nuclear processes such as the regulation of gene expression. Through a genome-wide genetic screen, we implicate a novel protein called X-chromosome-associated protein 5 (Xap5) in chromatin regulation. We show that Xap5 is a chromatin-associated protein acting in a similar manner as the histone variant H2A.Z to suppress expression of antisense and repeat element transcripts throughout the fission yeast genome. Xap5 is highly conserved across eukaryotes, and a plant homolog rescues xap5 mutant yeast. We propose that Xap5 likely functions as a chromatin regulator in diverse organisms.

| S-EPMC4197047 | biostudies-literature

Yeast X-Chromosome Associated Protein 5 (Xap5) Functions with H2A.Z to Suppress Aberrant Transcripts

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

2014-07-01 | E-GEOD-46506 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Yeast X-Chromosome Associated Protein 5 (Xap5) Functions with H2A.Z to Suppress Aberrant Transcripts [RNA-seq]

Project description:Functional characterization of the Xap5 protein using epistatic genetic interaction analysis (E-MAP), RNA-seq and ChIP-chip along with other growth experiments. wild type and mutant cells were grown at 37C in EMM50 and RNA was extracted from exponentially growing cells. Strand specific libraries were constructed with random primers. Ribo zero was used to remove r-RNA. For ChIP-chip Agilent 60mer array was used to analyze DNA recovered by chromatin immunoprecipitation of Xap5 from fission yeast culture.

2014-07-01 | E-GEOD-46382 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Yeast X-Chromosome Associated Protein 5 (Xap5) Functions with H2A.Z to Suppress Aberrant Transcripts [ChIP-chip]

Project description:Comparison of occupancy profiling of Xap5 and H2A.Z/Pht1 in fission yeast. Agilent 60mer array was used to analyze DNA recovered by chromatin immunoprecipitation of Xap5 from fission yeast culture.

2014-07-01 | E-GEOD-46505 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Yeast X-Chromosome Associated Protein 5 (Xap5) Functions with H2A.Z to Suppress Aberrant Transcripts [ChIP-chip]

Project description:Comparison of occupancy profiling of Xap5 and H2A.Z/Pht1 in fission yeast.

2014-07-01 | GSE46505 | GEO

Yeast X-Chromosome Associated Protein 5 (Xap5) Functions with H2A.Z to Suppress Aberrant Transcripts [RNA-seq]

Project description:Functional characterization of the Xap5 protein using epistatic genetic interaction analysis (E-MAP), RNA-seq and ChIP-chip along with other growth experiments.

2014-07-01 | GSE46382 | GEO

Non-redundant functions of H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 in chromosome segregation and cell cycle progression.

Project description:H2A.Z is a H2A-type histone variant essential for many aspects of cell biology, ranging from gene expression to genome stability. From deuterostomes, H2A.Z evolved into two paralogues, H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2, that differ by only three amino acids and are encoded by different genes (H2AFZ and H2AFV, respectively). Despite the importance of this histone variant in development and cellular homeostasis, very little is known about the individual functions of each paralogue in mammals. Here, we have investigated the distinct roles of the two paralogues in cell cycle regulation and unveiled non-redundant functions for H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 in cell division. Our findings show that H2A.Z.1 regulates the expression of cell cycle genes such as Myc and Ki-67 and its depletion leads to a G1 arrest and cellular senescence. On the contrary, H2A.Z.2, in a transcription-independent manner, is essential for centromere integrity and sister chromatid cohesion regulation, thus playing a key role in chromosome segregation.

| S-EPMC8567233 | biostudies-literature

Histone variant H2A.Z regulates centromere silencing and chromosome segregation in fission yeast.

Project description:The incorporation of histone variant H2A.Z into nucleosomes plays essential roles in regulating chromatin structure and gene expression. A multisubunit complex containing chromatin remodeling protein Swr1 is responsible for the deposition of H2A.Z in budding yeast and mammals. Here, we show that the JmjC domain protein Msc1 is a novel component of the fission yeast Swr1 complex and is required for Swr1-mediated incorporation of H2A.Z into nucleosomes at gene promoters. Loss of Msc1, Swr1, or H2A.Z results in loss of silencing at centromeres and defective chromosome segregation, although centromeric levels of CENP-A, a centromere-specific histone H3 variant that is required for setting up the chromatin structure at centromeres, remain unchanged. Intriguingly, H2A.Z is required for the expression of another centromere protein, CENP-C, and overexpression of CENP-C rescues centromere silencing defects associated with H2A.Z loss. These results demonstrate the importance of H2A.Z and CENP-C in maintaining a silenced chromatin state at centromeres.

| S-EPMC2804349 | biostudies-literature

Non-redundant functions of H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 in chromosome segregation and cell cycle progression

Project description:H2A.Z is a H2A-type histone variant essential for many aspects of cell biology, ranging from gene expression to genome stability. From deuterostomes, H2A.Z evolved into two paralogues, H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2, that differ by only three amino acids and are encoded by different genes (H2AFZ and H2AFV, respectively). Despite the importance of this histone variant in development and cellular homeostasis, very little is known about the individual functions of each paralogue in mammals. Here, we have investigated the distinct roles of the two paralogues in cell cycle regulation and unveiled non-redundant functions for H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 in cell division. Our findings show that H2A.Z.1 regulates the expression of cell cycle genes such as Myc and Ki-67 and its depletion leads to a G1 arrest and cellular senescence. On the contrary, H2A.Z.2, in a transcription independent manner, is essential for centromere integrity and sister chromatid cohesion regulation, thus playing a key role in chromosome segregation.

2021-07-25 | GSE173113 | GEO

RMD-1, a novel microtubule-associated protein, functions in chromosome segregation in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Project description:For proper chromosome segregation, the sister kinetochores must attach to microtubules extending from the opposite spindle poles. Any errors in microtubule attachment can induce aneuploidy. In this study, we identify a novel conserved Caenorhabditis elegans microtubule-associated protein, regulator of microtubule dynamics 1 (RMD-1), that localizes to spindle microtubules and spindle poles. Depletion of RMD-1 induces severe defects in chromosome segregation, probably through merotelic attachments between microtubules and chromosomes. Although rmd-1 embryos also have a mild defect in microtubule growth, we find that mutants of the microtubule growth regulator XMAP215/ZYG-9 show much weaker segregation defects. This suggests that the microtubule growth defect in rmd-1 embryos does not cause abnormal chromosome segregation. We also see that RMD-1 interacts with aurora B in vitro. Our results suggest that RMD-1 functions in chromosome segregation in C. elegans embryos, possibly through the aurora B-mediated pathway. Human homologues of RMD-1 could also bind microtubules, which would suggest a function for these proteins in chromosome segregation during mitosis in other organisms as well.

| S-EPMC2140014 | biostudies-literature

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