Similar Datasets
Project description:human lung epithelial cell line infected with hRSV to measure gene expression over time
2014-03-30 | GSE55963 | GEO
Project description:We used the microarray data to analyze host cells response on mouse macrophage cells infected with HRSV The HRSV infected mouse macrophage cells were harvested at 4 and 24 hpi and RNA extraction was performed using standard protocol as described by Affymetrix. The aim of this experiment is to analyze host cell response to HRSV infection.
2013-08-16 | E-GEOD-31378 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric, elderly, and immune compromised populations. A gap in our understanding of hRSVdisease pathology is the interplay between virally encoded immune antagonists and host components that limit hRSV replication. hRSV encodes for non-structural (NS) proteins that are important immune antagonists; however, the role of these proteins in viral pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Here we report the crystal structure of hRSV NS1 protein, which suggests that NS1 is a structural paralog of hRSV matrix (M) protein. Comparative analysis of the shared structural fold with M revealed regions unique to NS1. Studies on NS1 WT or mutant alone or in recombinant RSVs demonstrate that structural regions unique to NS1 contribute to modulation of host responses, including inhibition of type I IFN responses, suppression of dendritic cell maturation, and promotion of inflammatory responses. Transcriptional profiles of A549 cells infected with recombinant RSVs show significant differences in multiple host pathways, suggesting that NS1 may have a greater role in regulating host responses than previously appreciated. These results provide a framework to target NS1 for therapeutic development to limit hRSV associated morbidity and mortality.
2017-06-15 | GSE99298 | GEO
Project description:We used the microarray data to analyze host cells response on mouse macrophage cells infected with HRSV
2013-08-16 | GSE31378 | GEO
Project description:We used the microarray data to analyze host cells response on Hep2 cells infected with HRSV.
2016-12-31 | GSE33485 | GEO
Project description:Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the main cause of bronchiolitis during the first year of life, but other viruses such as rhinovirus also occur and are clinically indistinguishable. In hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis, the analysis of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) gene expression might be useful for identification the etiologies caused by HRSV and human rhinovirus (HRV) and to the development of future tests, as well as to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms triggered by different viral agents and new therapeutic possibilities. In this study, we conducted a comparative global gene expression analysis of infants with acute viral bronchiolitis infected by HRSV (HRSV group) or HRV (HRV group).
2019-03-19 | GSE124124 | GEO
Project description:The respiratory epithelium is a polarised layer at the interface between the outside environment and deeper lung structures, overlaid by the epithelial lining fluid (ELF). This provides a mechanical and immunological barrier to inhaled particulates, such as viruses. Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is a major cause of disease in humans, and targets the respiratory epithelium. However, little is known of the disruption of the ELF proteome in the context of virus-driven respiratory illnesses. To address this, a proteomics approach was combined with an ex-vivo human airway epithelial model (HAE) to investigate the apical and basolateral secretome in hRSV-infected cultures. This demonstrated that several apically- and basolaterally-restricted proteins were subsequently secreted in both directions upon infection, while a number of proteins saw their apical/basolateral abundance ratios significantly altered. Furthermore, another 35 proteins were uniquely identified after hRSV treatment. Importantly, some of these changes were correlated in nasal aspirates (NA) from children with and without hRSV. This study showed that hRSV could affect airway secretions, and disrupted the directionality of the respiratory epithelium.
2022-03-01 | PXD004430 | Pride
Project description:A vaccine against Chikungunya virus (ChikV), a reemerging pathogenic arbovirus, has been made by attenuating wild-type (WT) virus via truncation of the transmembrane domain (TMD) of E2 and selecting for host range (HR) mutants. Mice are a standard model system for ChikV disease and display the same symptoms of the disease seen in humans. Groups of mice were inoculated with one of three ChikV HR mutants to determine the ability of each mutant strain to elicit neutralizing antibody and protective immunity upon virus challenge. One mutant, ChikV TM17-2, fulfilled the criteria for a good vaccine candidate. It displayed no reactogenicity at the site of injection, no tissue disease in the foot/ankle and quadriceps, and no evidence of viral persistence in foot/ankle tissues 21 days after infection. Upon challenge with a highly pathogenic strain of ChikV, the mutant blocked viral replication in all tissues tested. This study identified a ChikV HR mutant that grows to high levels in insect cells but was restricted in the ability to assemble virus in mammalian cells in vitro. The study demonstrates that these HR strains are attenuated in the mammalian host and warrant further development as live-attenuated vaccine strains.
| S-EPMC3676113 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Since its emergence, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), a novel insect-transmitted orthobunyavirus which predominantly infects ruminants, has caused a large epidemic in European livestock. Newly developed inactivated vaccines are available, but highly efficacious and safe live vaccines are still not available. Here, the properties of novel recombinant SBV mutants lacking the nonstructural protein NSs (rSBV?NSs) or NSm (rSBV?NSm) or both of these proteins (rSBV?NSs/?NSm) were tested in vitro and in vivo in type I interferon receptor knockout mice (IFNAR(-/-)) and in a vaccination/challenge trial in cattle. As for other bunyaviruses, both nonstructural proteins of SBV are not essential for viral growth in vitro. In interferon-defective BHK-21 cells, rSBV?NSs and rSBV?NSm replicated to levels comparable to that of the parental rSBV; the double mutant virus, however, showed a mild growth defect, resulting in lower final virus titers. Additionally, both mutants with an NSs deletion induced high levels of interferon and showed a marked growth defect in interferon-competent sheep SFT-R cells. Nevertheless, in IFNAR(-/-) mice, all mutants were virulent, with the highest mortality rate for rSBV?NSs and a reduced virulence for the NSm-deleted virus. In cattle, SBV lacking NSm caused viremia and seroconversion comparable to those caused by the wild-type virus, while the NSs and the combined NSs/NSm deletion mutant induced no detectable virus replication or clinical disease after immunization. Furthermore, three out of four cattle immunized once with the NSs deletion mutant and all animals vaccinated with the virus lacking both nonstructural proteins were fully protected against a challenge infection. Therefore, the double deletion mutant will provide the basis for further developments of safe and efficacious modified live SBV vaccines which could be also a model for other viruses of the Simbu serogroup and related orthobunyaviruses.SBV induces only mild clinical signs in adult ruminants but causes severe fetal malformation and, thereby, can have an important impact on animal welfare and production. As SBV is an insect-transmitted pathogen, vaccination will be one of the most important aspects of disease control. Here, mutant viruses lacking one or two proteins that essentially contribute to viral pathogenicity were tested as modified live vaccines in cattle. It could be demonstrated that a novel recombinant double deletion mutant is a safe and efficacious vaccine candidate. This is the first description of a putative modified live vaccine for the complete genus Orthobunyavirus, and in addition, such a vaccine type has never been tested in cattle for any virus of the entire family Bunyaviridae. Therefore, the described vaccine also represents the first model for a broad range of related viruses and is of high importance to the field.
| S-EPMC4300748 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The potato Rx gene provides resistance against Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) in tomato; however, recent work has suggested that the resistance conferred may not be durable. Resistance breaking can probably be attributed to multiple mutations observed to accumulate in the capsid protein (CP) region of resistance-breaking isolates, but this has not been confirmed through directed manipulation of an infectious PepMV clone. The present work describes the introduction of two specific mutations, A-T78 and A-T114, into the coat protein minimal elicitor region of an Rx-controlled PepMV isolate of the EU genotype. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and phenotypic evaluation were conducted in three Rx-expressing and wild-type solanaceous hosts: Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana tabacum and Solanum lycopersicum. Mutation A-T78 alone was sufficient to confer Rx-breaking activity in N.?benthamiana and S.?lycopersicum, whereas mutation A-T114 was found to be associated, in most cases, with a secondary A-D100 mutation to break Rx-mediated resistance in S.?lycopersicum. These results suggest that the need for a second, fitness-restoring mutation may be dependent on the PepMV mutant under consideration. Both mutations conferred Rx breaking in S.?lycopersicum, whereas neither conferred Rx breaking in N.?tabacum and only A-T78 allowed Rx breaking in N.?benthamiana, suggesting that Rx may function in a different manner depending on the genetic background in which it is present.
| S-EPMC6638469 | biostudies-literature