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Simultaneous Host and Parasite Expression Profiling Identifies Transcriptional Programs Associated with Cerebral Malaria

ABSTRACT: The development and outcome of cerebral malaria (CM) reflects a complex interplay between parasite-expressed virulence factors and host response to infection. To simultaneously analyze transcriptional programs in both parasite and host over the course of infection, we created microarrays to concurrently detect transcripts in the genomes of both Plasmodium berghei and mouse. Analysis of RNA from brain, lung, liver, and spleen of mice infected with P. berghei ANKA showed that parasite gene expression is readily detected in whole organ RNA. Comparison of CM-susceptible (C57BL/6) and CM-resistant (BALB/c) mice showed that both host and parasite display distinct organ-specific transcriptional signatures in susceptible versus resistant animals. Host genes whose expression differs between CM-resistant and CM-susceptible mice, at either baseline or induced by infection, tend to relate to humoral and immune response, complement activation, or cell-cell interactions, suggesting differences in immune function that may directly underlie protection from or susceptibility to CM. P. berghei, in contrast, displayed differential expression of genes related to apparent biosynthestic activities, with the majority of transcriptional activity observed in the lung. These data show that analysis of host and parasite gene expression profiles by hybridizing infected host samples to a single microarray is feasible, and can facilitate dissection of complex host-pathogen interactions. Keywords: Time course, Disease state analysis

OTHER RELATED OMICS DATASETS IN: PRJNA96953

ORGANISM(S): Plasmodium berghei Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE5672 | GEO | 2006/11/24

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA96953

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Analysis of transcriptional response to Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in cerebral malaria susceptible C57BL/6 mouse brains as well as cerebral malaria resistant BXH2 mice which carry a severe hypomorphic Irf8-R294C allele. Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8) is required for development, maturation and expression of anti-microbial defenses of myeloid cells. BXH2 mice harbor a loss-of-function allele at Irf8 (Irf8-R294C) that causes susceptibility to infection with intracellular pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We report that XH2 are completely resistant to the development of cerebral malaria following Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Comparative transcriptional profiling of brain RNA as well as chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) was used to identify IRF8-regulated genes whose expression is associated with pathological acute neuroinflammation. Genes up-regulated by infection were strongly enriched for IRF8 binding sites, suggesting that IRF8 acts as a transcriptional activator in inflammatory programs. These lists were enriched for myeloid-specific pathways, including interferon responses, antigen presentation and Th1 polarizing cytokines. We show that inactivation of several of these downstream target genes confers protection against experimental cerebral malaria. We also report strong overlap between genes bound and regulated by IRF8 during cerebral malaria and genes regulated in the lungs of M. tuberculosis infected mice. This IRF8-dependent network contains several genes recently identified as risk factors in acute and chronic human inflammatory conditions. In summary, this work defines a common core of IRF8-bound genes forming a critical inflammatory host-response network. Comparison of whole brain transcript profiles for wildype C57BL/6 mice versus severely hypomorphic Irf8-R294C BXH2 mice following experimental infection with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (d7). Baseline (d0) profiles are also compared. Pleaes note that each sample record represents 2-4 replicates and sample data table contains mean, standard error of the mean (SEM), and quality for the replicates. The non_normalized data matrix contains raw data for each replicate (total 12 samples).

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Simultaneous Host and Parasite Expression Profiling Identifies Transcriptional Programs Associated with Cerebral Malaria

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