Acetylation of histone H4 at lysine 44 facilitates meiotic recombination by creating accessible chromatin
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PROVIDER: GSE59005 | GEO | 2015/12/07
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA254080
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2015-12-07 | E-GEOD-59005 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Meiotic recombination hotspots are associated with histone post-translational modifications and open chromatin. However, it remains unclear how histone modifications and chromatin structure directly regulate meiotic recombination. Here, we identify acetylation of histone H4 at Lys44 (H4K44ac) as a new histone modification, occurring on the nucleosomal lateral surface. We show that H4K44ac is specific to yeast sporulation, rising during yeast meiosis and displaying genome-wide enrichment at recombination hotspots in meiosis. The H4K44 residue is required for normal meiotic recombination, for normal levels of double strand breaks during meiosis, and for optimal sporulation. Non-modifiable substitution H4K44R results in reduced MNase digestion and decreased binding of recombination-associated proteins at hotspots. Our results show that H4K44ac creates an accessible chromatin environment for key proteins to facilitate meiotic recombination. One sample, H4K44ac chIP from 4hrs sporulation yeast and one background H4 chIP from the same, two replicates each Two replicates each of H3K4me3 and H3K56ac chIP-seq in WT and H4K44->R mutant yeast, with two replicates of H3 chIP-seq in each genetic background Two replicates each of Rad51 chIP-seq in WT and H4K44->R mutant yeast with a single replicate of accompanying input DNA in each genetic background
2015-12-07 | E-GEOD-59003 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Meiotic recombination hotspots are associated with histone post-translational modifications and open chromatin. However, it remains unclear how histone modifications and chromatin structure directly regulate meiotic recombination. Here, we identify acetylation of histone H4 at Lys44 (H4K44ac) as a new histone modification, occurring on the nucleosomal lateral surface. We show that H4K44ac is specific to yeast sporulation, rising during yeast meiosis and displaying genome-wide enrichment at recombination hotspots in meiosis. The H4K44 residue is required for normal meiotic recombination, for normal levels of double strand breaks during meiosis, and for optimal sporulation. Non-modifiable substitution H4K44R results in reduced MNase digestion and decreased binding of recombination-associated proteins at hotspots. Our results show that H4K44ac creates an accessible chromatin environment for key proteins to facilitate meiotic recombination. Two samples, one WT MNase-seq and one MNase-seq from yeast with a lysine->arginine mutation at H4K44, no replicates Two replicates each of MNase-seq in WT and H4K44->R mutant yeast grown in YPD or YPA.
2015-12-07 | E-GEOD-59004 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Meiotic recombination hotspots are associated with histone post-translational modifications and open chromatin. However, it remains unclear how histone modifications and chromatin structure directly regulate meiotic recombination. Here, we identify acetylation of histone H4 at Lys44 (H4K44ac) as a new histone modification, occurring on the nucleosomal lateral surface. We show that H4K44ac is specific to yeast sporulation, rising during yeast meiosis and displaying genome-wide enrichment at recombination hotspots in meiosis. The H4K44 residue is required for normal meiotic recombination, for normal levels of double strand breaks during meiosis, and for optimal sporulation. Non-modifiable substitution H4K44R results in reduced MNase digestion and decreased binding of recombination-associated proteins at hotspots. Our results show that H4K44ac creates an accessible chromatin environment for key proteins to facilitate meiotic recombination.
2015-12-07 | GSE59004 | GEO
Project description:Meiotic recombination hotspots are associated with histone post-translational modifications and open chromatin. However, it remains unclear how histone modifications and chromatin structure directly regulate meiotic recombination. Here, we identify acetylation of histone H4 at Lys44 (H4K44ac) as a new histone modification, occurring on the nucleosomal lateral surface. We show that H4K44ac is specific to yeast sporulation, rising during yeast meiosis and displaying genome-wide enrichment at recombination hotspots in meiosis. The H4K44 residue is required for normal meiotic recombination, for normal levels of double strand breaks during meiosis, and for optimal sporulation. Non-modifiable substitution H4K44R results in reduced MNase digestion and decreased binding of recombination-associated proteins at hotspots. Our results show that H4K44ac creates an accessible chromatin environment for key proteins to facilitate meiotic recombination.
2015-12-07 | GSE59003 | GEO
Project description:Cells undergoing developmental processes are characterized by persistent non-genetic alterations in chromatin, termed epigenetic changes, represented by distinct patterns of DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications. Sirtuins, a group of conserved NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases or ADP-ribosyltransferases, promote longevity in diverse organisms; however, their molecular mechanisms in ageing regulation remain poorly understood. Yeast Sir2, the first member of the family to be found, establishes and maintains chromatin silencing by removing histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation and bringing in other silencing proteins. Here we report an age-associated decrease in Sir2 protein abundance accompanied by an increase in H4 lysine 16 acetylation and loss of histones at specific subtelomeric regions in replicatively old yeast cells, which results in compromised transcriptional silencing at these loci. Antagonizing activities of Sir2 and Sas2, a histone acetyltransferase, regulate the replicative lifespan through histone H4 lysine 16 at subtelomeric regions. This pathway, distinct from existing ageing models for yeast, may represent an evolutionarily conserved function of sirtuins in regulation of replicative ageing by maintenance of intact telomeric chromatin.
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Project description:Recent studies have established that the highly condensed and transcriptionally silent heterochromatic domains in budding yeast are virtually dynamic structures. The underlying mechanisms for heterochromatin dynamics, however, remain obscure. In this study, we show that histones are dynamically acetylated on H4K12 at telomeric heterochromatin, and this acetylation regulates several of the dynamic telomere properties. Using a de novo heterochromatin formation assay, we surprisingly found that acetylated H4K12 survived the formation of telomeric heterochromatin. Consistently, the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA4 bound to silenced telomeric regions and acetylated H4K12. H4K12 acetylation prevented the over-accumulation of Sir proteins at telomeric heterochromatin and elimination of this acetylation caused defects in multiple telomere-related processes, including transcription, telomere replication, and recombination. Together, these data shed light on a potential histone acetylation mark within telomeric heterochromatin that contributes to telomere plasticity.
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Project description:The function of histone modifications in initiating and regulating the chromosomal events of the meiotic prophase remains poorly understood. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we examined the genome-wide localization of histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) along meiosis and its relationship to gene expression and position of the programmed double-strand breaks (DSBs) that initiate interhomologue recombination, essential to yield viable haploid gametes. We find that the level of H3K4me3 is constitutively higher close to DSB sites, independently of local gene expression levels. Without Set1, the H3K4 methylase, 84% of the DSB sites exhibit a severely reduced DSB frequency, the reduction being quantitatively correlated with the local level of H3K4me3 in wild-type cells. Further, we show that this differential histone mark is already established in vegetative cells, being higher in DSB-prone regions than in regions with no or little DSB. Taken together, our results demonstrate that H3K4me3 is a prominent and preexisting mark of active meiotic recombination initiation sites. Novel perspectives to dissect the various layers of the controls of meiotic DSB formation are discussed.
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Project description:The acetylation of the NH2-terminal tail of histone H4 by type B histone acetyltransferases (HATs) is involved in the process of chromatin assembly. Histone H4 associated with a nuclear type B HAT complex contains modifications in its globular core domain as well. In particular, acetylation was found at lysine 91. A mutation that alters this residue, which lies in the interface between histone H3/H4 tetramers and H2A/H2B dimers, confers phenotypes consistent with defects in chromatin assembly such as sensitivity to DNA damaging agents and derepression and alteration of silent chromatin structure. In addition, this mutation destabilizes the histone octamer, leading to defects in chromatin structure. These results indicate an important role for histone modifications outside the NH2-tail domains in the processes of chromatin assembly, DNA repair, and transcriptional silencing.
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Project description:Histone acetylation is generally associated with gene activation and chromatin decondensation. Recent mass spectrometry analysis has revealed that histone H4 lysine 20, a major methylation site, can also be acetylated. To understand the function of H4 lysine 20 acetylation (H4K20ac), we have developed a specific monoclonal antibody and performed ChIP-seq analysis using HeLa-S3 cells. H4K20ac was enriched around the transcription start sites (TSSs) of minimally expressed genes and in the gene body of expressed genes, in contrast to most histone acetylation being enriched around the TSSs of expressed genes. The distribution of H4K20ac showed little correlation with known histone modifications, including histone H3 methylations. A motif search in H4K20ac-enriched sequences, together with transcription factor binding profiles based on ENCODE ChIP-seq data, revealed that most transcription activators are excluded from H4K20ac-enriched genes and a transcription repressor NRSF/REST co-localized with H4K20ac. These results suggest that H4K20ac is a unique acetylation mark associated with gene repression.
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