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Expression data from mouse embryonic stem cells across a time course of Erk stimulation

ABSTRACT: Fgf signaling via Erk activation has been associated with both neural induction and the generation of a primed state for the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to all somatic lineages. To dissect the role of Erk in both ESC self-renewal and lineage specification we explore the requirements for this pathway in various in vitro differentiation settings. A combination of pharmacological inhibition of Erk signaling and genetic loss of function experiments reveal a role for Erk signaling in suppressing endodermal differentiation, but not neural specification. Activation of Erk signaling in ESCs de-represses primitive endoderm (PrE) gene expression as a consequence of inhibiting the pluripotent/epiblast network. The early response to Erk activation correlates with functional PrE priming while sustained Erk activity results in PrE differentiation. Taken together, our results suggest that Erk signaling suppresses pluripotent gene expression to enable endodermal differentiation. We use microarray analysis to determine the transcription response to Erk1/2 in mouse embryonic stem cells across a 24 hour window of time

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE59755 | GEO | 2015/01/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA256128

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Expression data from mouse embryonic stem cells across a time course of Erk stimulation

Project description:Fgf signaling via Erk activation has been associated with both neural induction and the generation of a primed state for the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to all somatic lineages. To dissect the role of Erk in both ESC self-renewal and lineage specification we explore the requirements for this pathway in various in vitro differentiation settings. A combination of pharmacological inhibition of Erk signaling and genetic loss of function experiments reveal a role for Erk signaling in suppressing endodermal differentiation, but not neural specification. Activation of Erk signaling in ESCs de-represses primitive endoderm (PrE) gene expression as a consequence of inhibiting the pluripotent/epiblast network. The early response to Erk activation correlates with functional PrE priming while sustained Erk activity results in PrE differentiation. Taken together, our results suggest that Erk signaling suppresses pluripotent gene expression to enable endodermal differentiation. We use microarray analysis to determine the transcription response to Erk1/2 in mouse embryonic stem cells across a 24 hour window of time Mouse ESCs carrying a tamoxifen inducible constitutively active c-Raf fusion protein were stimulated for 6 time points (30minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours) in the presence of 250nM PD173074. Uninduced (0h hours) and DMSO only treated cells served as controls.

2015-01-01 | E-GEOD-59755 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Trincr1 RNA pull down MS in mESC

Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important components of gene regulatory network in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, the function and molecular mechanism of lncRNAs are still largely unknown. Here we identified Trincr1 (TRIM71 interacting long noncoding RNA 1) lncRNA that regulates the FGF/ERK signaling and self-renewal of ESCs. Trincr1 is exported by THOC complex to cytoplasm where it binds and represses TRIM71, leading to the downregulation of SHCBP1 protein. Knocking out Trincr1 leads to the upregulation of phosphorylated ERK and ERK pathway target genes and the decrease of ESC self-renewal, while knocking down Trim71 completely rescues the defects of Trincr1 knockout. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Trincr1 represses FGF/ERK signaling and the self-renewal of neural progenitor cells. Together, this study reveals more regulators in FGF/ERK signaling pathway and highlights lncRNA as an important player in cell signaling network to coordinate cell fate specification.

2019-02-01 | PXD012493 | Pride

Metabolomic Profiling of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation into Lung Progenitors

Project description:Metabolism is vital to cellular function and tissue homeostasis during human lung development. In utero, embryonic pluripotent stem cells undergo endodermal differentiation towards a lung progenitor cell fate that can be mimicked in vitro using induced human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to study genetic mutations. To identify differences between wild type and surfactant protein B (SFTPB)-deficient cell lines during endoderm specification towards lung, we used an untargeted metabolomics approach to evaluate the developmental changes in metabolites. We found that the metabolites most enriched during the differentiation from pluripotent stem cell to lung progenitor cell, regardless of cell line, were sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines, two important lipid classes in fetal lung development. The SFTPB mutation had no metabolic impact on early endodermal lung development. The identified metabolite signatures during lung progenitor cell differentiation may be utilized as biomarkers for normal embryonic lung development.

2021-06-29 | ST002055 | MetabolomicsWorkbench

Gene expression profiles of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) after genetic depletion of Id1 and knock-down of Zrf1

Project description:Id proteins are dominant negative regulators within the HLH family of proteins. In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), Id1 and Id3 maintain the pluripotent state by preventing neural differentiation. The Id1-interacting protein Zrf1 plays a crucial role as a chromatin-bound factor in specification of the neural fate from ESCs. Here, we show that Id1 blocks Zrf1 recruitment to chromatin, thus preventing the activation of neural genes during ESC differentiation. Moreover, genetic deletion of Id1 in ESCs caused misexpression of more than 6000 genes. Interestingly, the expression of almost half of those genes was restored upon further depletion of Zrf1. We therefore identified Zrf1 as a transcriptional regulator downstream of Id1 in ESCs. In Id1KO mESCs, Zrf1 expression was depleted by using shRNAs. Four replicates corresponding to four independent biological samples per group were collected.

2014-11-05 | E-GEOD-58627 | biostudies-arrayexpress

AMPK governs lineage specification through Tfeb-dependent regulation of lysosomes

Project description:Faithful execution of developmental programs relies on the acquisition of unique cell identities from pluripotent progenitors, a process governed by combinatorial inputs from numerous signaling cascades that ultimately dictate lineage-specific transcriptional outputs. Despite growing evidence that metabolism is integrated with many molecular networks, how pathways that control energy homeostasis may affect cell fate decisions is largely unknown. Here, we show that AMPK, a central metabolic regulator, plays critical roles in lineage specification. Although AMPK-deficient embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were normal in the pluripotent state, these cells displayed profound defects upon differentiation, failing to generate chimeric embryos and preferentially adopting an ectodermal fate at the expense of the endoderm during embryoid body (EB) formation. AMPK-/- EBs exhibited reduced levels of Tfeb, a master transcriptional regulator of lysosomes, leading to diminished endolysosomal function. Remarkably, genetic loss of Tfeb also yielded endodermal defects, while AMPK-null ESCs over-expressing this transcription factor normalized their differential potential, revealing an intimate connection between Tfeb/lysosomes and germ layer specification. The compromised endolysosomal system resulting from AMPK or Tfeb inactivation blunted Wnt signaling, while up-regulating this pathway restored expression of endodermal markers. Collectively, these results uncover the AMPK pathway as a novel regulator of cell fate determination during differentiation. 2 WT and 2 AMPK DKO ESC lines were differentiated into embryoid bodies (EBs) for various lengths of time (2, 4, 8, and 12 days) in high and low glucose conditions. Both ESC and EB samples were profiled by mRNA-seq to examine how global gene expression changes associated with ESC differentiation are affected by AMPK deletion.

2016-03-09 | E-GEOD-77705 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Human PGC commitment shares key gene dynamics to mouse, but owns a unique PRDM14 expression pattern

Project description:The molecular mechanisms of human primordial germ cell (PGC) specification are poorly understood due to the inaccessibility of cell materials and the lack of an alternative in vitro model that enables tracking of the earliest stages of germ cell development. Here, we introduce a defined and efficient differentiation system for the induction of pre-migratory PGC-like cells from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). By step-wise differentiation, we generated an OCT4+/ T+/BLIMP1+ cell population that transitioned into STELLA expressing PGC-like cells that exhibited a similar key gene expression as mouse PGCs as well as global epigenetic reprogramming. Even though, these PGC-like cells expressed PRDM14 at very low levels, they underwent activation of pluripotency/PGC genes, suppression of neural induction and suppression of de novo DNA methylation, events that are regulated by Prdm14 during mouse PGC specification. This study demonstrates that human PGC commitment shares many key features with mouse PGC specification, but harbors unique and so far unknown mechanisms that, point to a novel human transcriptional regulation. 7 samples were analyzed. ESC: Human Embryonic Stem Cells, 1 biological rep iPSC: Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, 1 biological rep d2: Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, 2 days differentiation treatment , 2 biological rep d4PGCLC: Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, 4 days differentiation treatment towards Primordial Germ Cells Like Cells, 1 biological rep d6PGCLC: Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, 6 days differentiation treatment towards Primordial Germ Cells Like Cells, 2 biological rep

2015-04-06 | E-GEOD-53498 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression profiles of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) after genetic depletion of Id1 and knock-down of Zrf1

2014-11-05 | GSE58627 | GEO

AMPK governs lineage specification through Tfeb-dependent regulation of lysosomes

2016-03-09 | GSE77705 | GEO

A TRIM71 binding long noncoding RNA Trincr1 represses FGF/ERK signaling in embryonic stem cells

Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important components of gene regulatory network in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, the function and molecular mechanism of lncRNAs are still largely unknown. Here we identified Trincr1 (TRIM71 interacting long noncoding RNA 1) lncRNA that regulates the FGF/ERK signaling and self-renewal of ESCs. Trincr1 is exported by THOC complex to cytoplasm where it binds and represses TRIM71, leading to the downregulation of SHCBP1 protein. Knocking out Trincr1 led to the upregulation of phosphorylated ERK and ERK pathway target genes and the decrease of ESC self-renewal, while knocking down Trim71 completely rescued the defects of Trincr1 knockout. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Trincr1 repressed FGF/ERK signaling and the self-renewal of neural progenitor cells. Together, this study reveals novel regulators in FGF/ERK signaling pathway and highlights lncRNA as an important player in cell signaling network to coordinate cell fate specification.

2019-01-23 | GSE125458 | GEO

Dynamic developmental signaling logic underlying lineage bifurcations during human endoderm induction and patterning from pluripotent stem cells [Endoderm RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data sets]

Project description:Unraveling complex signaling programs animating developmental lineage-decisions is pivotal to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) into pure populations of desired lineages for regenerative medicine. Developmental signals are strikingly temporally dynamic: BMP and Wnt initially specify primitive streak (progenitor to endoderm) yet 24 hours later suppress endoderm and induce mesoderm. At lineage bifurcations we show mutually-exclusive embryonic lineages are segregated through cross-repressive signals: TGFM-NM-2 and BMP/MAPK duel to respectively specify pancreas versus liver from endoderm. Unilateral endodermal differentiation requires blockade of alternative fates at every stage, revealing a universal developmental strategy for efficient differentiation and anterior-posterior patterning of diverse hPSC lines into highly-pure endodermal populations. This culminated in hPSC-derived hepatic progenitors that, for the first time, engraft long-term in genetically-unconditioned mouse livers and secrete human albumin. Finally, thirty transcriptional and chromatin state maps capturing endoderm commitment revealed endodermal enhancers reside in an unanticipated diversity of "pre-enhancer" chromatin states before activation. Endoderm RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data sets

2013-11-22 | E-GEOD-52657 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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