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Effects of Triclosan exposition on fetal hypothalamic transcriptomics

ABSTRACT: Triclosan (TCS), an antibacterial compound commonly added to personal care products, could be an endocrine disruptor at low doses. Although TCS has been shown to alter fetal physiology, its effects in the developing fetal brain are unknown. The objective of this study was to use transcriptomics and systems analysis to determine significantly altered biological processes in the late gestation ovine fetal hypothalamus after direct or indirect exposure to low doses of TCS. We found that short-term infusion of TCS induces vigorous changes in the fetal hypothalamic transcriptomics, which are mainly related to food intake pathways and metabolism.

ORGANISM(S): Ovis aries

PROVIDER: GSE69275 | GEO | 2016/02/29

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA285068

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Aiming at the development of a micropollutant biosensor in the frame of the Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA), a pilot study was initiated to identify triclosan (TCS)-responsive biomarker genes in the MELiSSA carbon-mineralizing microorganism, Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H. TCS is a biocide, commonly found in human excrements and is considered an emerging pollutant in wastewater and the environment. Chronic exposure to MELiSSA-relevant concentrations (≥25 µg L-1) TCS caused a significant extension of the lag phase without affecting the growth rate. Analytical determination gave no indication of TCS biodegradation during the growth experiment and flow cytometric viability analyses revealed that TCS is only slightly toxic to R. rubrum. Through microarray analyses, the genetic mechanisms supporting the reversibility of TCS-induced inhibition were scrutinized. Hence, an extremely TCS-responsive cluster of four small adjacent genes was revealed, with up to 34-fold induction at 25 µg L-1. These four genes, for which the name micropollutant-upregulated factor (muf) was proposed; appear to be unique to R. rubrum and are shown for the first time to be involved in the response to stress. Moreover, numerous other systems that are associated with the proton-motive force were shown to be responsive to TCS, but never as highly upregulated as the muf genes. Hence, R. rubrum induced the phage shock protein operon (pspABC), numerous major facilitator efflux systems, cell envelope consolidation mechanisms, oxidative stress response, beta-oxidation, and carbonic anhydrase; while downregulating bacterial conjugation- and carboxysome synthesis genes. The muf genes and three efflux-related genes showed most potential as low-dose biomarkers. The two microarray experiments (10 and 25 µg l-1 Triclosan) were all performed in biological triplicate and containing three (in-slide) technical repeats. For all conditions, the Triclosan exposed sample (Cy5) was compared with the non-exposed solvent control (Cy3) to identify those genes that were differentially expressed upon Triclosan exposure.

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Effects of Triclosan exposition on fetal hypothalamic transcriptomics

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