The protein and transcript profiles of human semen
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE69434 | GEO | 2016/06/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA285487
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Transcriptome of testes was examined for comparison of transcript abundance with that of sperm/seminal fluid (as sequenced in separate study) Commercially available (Ambion) human testes RNA was prepared and sequenced in two replicates
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Project description:Preparation of exosomes isolated from semen contain a substantial amount of RNA, mostly from 20 to 100 nucleotides in length. We sequenced separately 20-40 and 40-100 nucleotide fractions of RNA from exosomes isolated from semenal fluid from six healthy donors. We found various classes of small non-coding RNA, including mature microRNA and piwi-RNA, as well as abundant Y RNAs and tRNAs present in both full length and fragmented forms. Specific RNAs were consistently present in all donors. For example, fifteen (of ~2,600 known) microRNAs constituted over 80% of mature microRNA in SE. Additionally, tRNA fragments were strongly enriched for 5M-bM-^@M-^Y-ends of 18-19 or 30-34 nucleotides in length. Size-fractionated small RNA profiles from exosomes isolated from the seminal fluid of six healthy donors
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Project description:During mammalian reproduction, sperm are delivered to the female reproductive tract bathed in a complex medium known as seminal fluid, which plays key roles in signaling to the female reproductive tract and in nourishing sperm for their onwards journey. The majority of seminal fluid is produced by a somewhat understudied organ known as the seminal vesicle. Here, we report a single-cell RNA-Seq atlas of the mouse seminal vesicle, generated using tissues obtained from 23 mice of varying ages, exposed to a range of dietary challenges. We define the transcriptome of the secretory epithelial cells in this tissue, identifying a relative homogeneous population of the epithelial cells responsible for producing the majority of seminal fluid. We also define the immune cell populations – including large populations of macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and NKT cells – which have the potential to play roles in producing various immune mediators present in seminal plasma. Together, our data provide a resource for understanding the composition of an understudied reproductive tissue with potential implications for paternal control of offspring development and metabolism.
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Project description:Seminal fluid factors modulate the female immune response at conception to facilitate embryo implantation and reproductive success. Whether sperm affect this response has not been clear. We evaluated global gene expression by microarray in the mouse uterus after mating with intact or vasectomized males. Intact males induced greater changes in gene transcription, prominently affecting pro-inflammatory cytokine and immune regulatory genes, with TLR4 signaling identified as a top-ranked upstream driver. Recruitment of neutrophils and expansion of peripheral regulatory T cells were elevated by seminal fluid of intact males. In vitro, epididymal sperm induced IL6, CXCL2, and CSF3 in uterine epithelial cells of wild-type, but not Tlr4 null females. Collectively these experiments show that sperm assist in promoting female immune tolerance by eliciting uterine cytokine expression through TLR4-dependent signaling. The findings indicate a biological role for sperm beyond oocyte fertilization, in modulating immune mechanisms involved in female control of reproductive investment. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression in mice following exposure to different components of seminal fluid
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Project description:The objective of this study was to determine whether prostate cancer-associated miRNAs are present in seminal fluid and, if so, evaluate their diagnostic potential. Small RNA sequencing was used to profile and compare miRNAs in the non-sperm cellular fraction of seminal fluid from men with biopsy-proven cancer (one pooled sample from 6 men) and men with elevated serum PSA but negative biopsy results (one pooled sample from 6 men).
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Project description:The importance of parental diet in relation to eventual offspring health is increasing in prominence due to the increased frequency of reproductive age adults consuming poor diets. Whilst maternal health and offspring outcome have been studied in some detail, the paternal impacts are not as well understood. A father’s poor nutritional status has been shown to have negative consequences on fetal growth and development and ultimately impact the long-term adult health of the offspring. In this study we examined sperm and seminal plasma mediated mechanisms of preimplantation embryo development alterations in response to sub-optimal paternal diets. Male mice were fed a diet to model either under (low protein diet (LPD)) or over (high fat/sugar (Western) diet (WD)) nutrition, LPD or WD supplemented with methyl-donors or a control diet before mating with age-matched control fed females. Male metabolic health was influenced by WD and MD-WD; with significant changes in serum lipids and hepatic 1-carbon metabolites. Sperm RNA sequencing revealed significant changes to mRNA profiles in all groups when compared to CD (LPD: 32, MD-LPD: 17, WD: 53, MD-WD: 35). In vitro embryo development was revealed all sub-optimal diets with and without methyl-donors increased the rate of embryo development. As embryo development can be directed by sperm and seminal plasma mediated mechanism, we also examined the proteomic profile of the seminal plasma, revealing a significant number of changes in all groups compared to control (LPD: 13, MD-LPD: 27, WD: 24, MD-WD: 19). Male diet also altered uterine gene expression examined via qPCR, specifically alterations in Cd14 and Ptgs1 were observed in response to male WD matings. Our current study shows that paternal nutritional status has the potential to influence male metabolic and reproductive factors, which can ultimately alter embryonic development and the post-mating maternal environment. This study highlights potential direct (sperm mediated) and indirect (semen mediated) pathways in which a father's poor diet could shape the long-term health of his offspring.
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