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Sex differences in gene expression profiles during hantavirus infection of rats

ABSTRACT: Gene expression profiles were examined in whole lung tissue collected from male and female Long-Evans rats at different time points after inoculation with Seoul virus (i.e., the species-specific hantavirus that infects Norway rats) We used microarray analyses to analyze global gene expression differences between the sexes during hantavirus infection Keywords: time course

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

PROVIDER: GSE7271 | GEO | 2007/10/30

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA97989

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant that produces myriad toxicities across various experimental models. In rodents alone, there is huge divergence in the toxicological response across species, between strains within a species and even between sexes within a strain. This difference in sensitivities between sexes has been characterized in multiple rodent models, however with contrasting results: the severity of toxicity is greater in female rats than in males while male mice and guinea pigs are more sensitive to the effects of TCDD than females. While the presence of estrogens or androgens has a known impact on response, the specific transcriptional events that cause this difference remain unclear. We sought to characterize the transcriptional environment of male and female C57BL/6 mice treated with 500 M-NM-<g/kg TCDD and followed across a time-course. This dose was chosen as it is greater than the LD50 for male mice yet produces minimal effects in females. Additionally, evaluation along a time-course allows for the detection of specific changes that occur throughout the development of phenotypic toxicities. The transcriptional profile across the time-course was highly divergent between the sexes. Female TCDD-treated mice demonstrated a large number of altered transcripts as early as 6 hours following treatment, suggesting a large primary response, possibly indicative of the activation of numerous defense mechanisms. Conversely, male animals showed the greatest TCDD-mediated response 144 hours following exposure, potentially implicating significant secondary responses for the increased appearance of TCDD toxicities. Nr1i3 is statistically significantly altered at all time-points in the sensitive male animals. This mRNA encodes a transcription factor (constitutive androstane receptor; CAR) involved in the regulation of xenobiotic metabolism, as well as lipid metabolism, cell cycle and apoptosis. In particular, increased levels of CAR may result in induction of the anti-apoptotic gene Gadd45b and carboxylesterase Ces1d, both of which we identify as transcriptionally altered and may be responsible for phenotypic hepatic abnormalities, such as steatohepatitis and tumor formation. Further evaluation across studies of mice and rats into the role of Nr1i3 and associated genes are crucial to enhance our understanding of various TCDD-induced toxicities. Adult male and female C57BL/6 mice were treated by gavage with either 500 ug/kg TCDD in corn oil or corn oil vehicle alone. Animals were euthanized at either 6, 24, 72 or 144 hours after treatment and tissues were harvested. RNA was isolated from hepatic tissue and the transcriptome for each animal assayed on an individual microarray. Please note that 7 samples (out of total 65 samples) were identified as outliers and therefore the data were processed without the outliers as well. The normalized data without outliers were provided in the 'normalized_data_without_outliers.txt' file.

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Sex differences in gene expression profiles during hantavirus infection of rats

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