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Acriflavine inhibits the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in vitro in liver and pancreatic cancer cells (part of study with TGF-b1 stimulation)

ABSTRACT: Background: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered an important driving mechanism behind aggressive cancer phenotype. This was recently challenged by the finding that cells can metastasize without undergoing EMT. However, the same studies confirmed the important role of the EMT program in drug resistance. The EMT program is largely dependent on the cell’s microenvironment. Acriflavine (ACF) is a heteroaromatic dye with antibacterial and antiviral effects. Recently, ACF was suggested as anticancer agent for its topoisomerase inhibitor activity. ACF further blocks the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, an important driver of cancer aggressiveness. How ACF works in cancer is however unknown. Aim: Identification of the working mechanism, molecular pathways and signaling of ACF in EMT cancer cells. To this end, three in vitro models were developed of EMT induction (human pancreatic cancer cells stimulated with TGF-b1, human pancreatic cancer cells stimulated with CoCl2, drug resistance against sorafenib in human liver cancer cells). Only the first model - PANC1 stimulated with TGF-b1 - is discussed in this GEO submission.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE82293 | GEO | 2017/03/08

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA324571

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Acriflavine inhibits the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in vitro in liver and pancreatic cancer cells (part of study on HepG2)

Project description:Background: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered an important driving mechanism behind aggressive cancer phenotype. This was recently challenged by the finding that cells can metastasize without undergoing EMT. However, the same studies confirmed the important role of the EMT program in drug resistance. The EMT program is largely dependent on the cell’s microenvironment. Acriflavine (ACF) is a heteroaromatic dye with antibacterial and antiviral effects. Recently, ACF was suggested as anticancer agent for its topoisomerase inhibitor activity. ACF further blocks the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, an important driver of cancer aggressiveness. How ACF works in cancer is however unknown. Aim: Identification of the working mechanism, molecular pathways and signaling of ACF in EMT cancer cells. To this end, three in vitro models were developed of EMT induction (human pancreatic cancer cells stimulated with TGF-b1, human pancreatic cancer cells stimulated with CoCl2, drug resistance against sorafenib in human liver cancer cells). Only the third model - drug resistance against sorafenib in HepG2 cells - is discussed in this GEO submission.

2017-03-08 | GSE82110 | GEO

Acriflavine inhibits the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in vitro in liver and pancreatic cancer cells (part of study on PANC1 cells treated with CoCl2)

Project description:Background: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered an important driving mechanism behind aggressive cancer phenotype. This was recently challenged by the finding that cells can metastasize without undergoing EMT. However, the same studies confirmed the important role of the EMT program in drug resistance. The EMT program is largely dependent on the cell’s microenvironment. Acriflavine (ACF) is a heteroaromatic dye with antibacterial and antiviral effects. Recently, ACF was suggested as anticancer agent for its topoisomerase inhibitor activity. ACF further blocks the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, an important driver of cancer aggressiveness. How ACF works in cancer is however unknown. Aim: Identification of the working mechanism, molecular pathways and signaling of ACF in EMT cancer cells. To this end, three in vitro models were developed of EMT induction (human pancreatic cancer cells stimulated with TGF-b1, human pancreatic cancer cells stimulated with CoCl2, drug resistance against sorafenib in human liver cancer cells). Only the second model - PANC1 with CoCl2, a model of severe hypoxia - is discussed in this GEO submission.

2017-03-08 | GSE82104 | GEO

Effects of DNA topoisomerase inhibitor acriflavine on endothelial gene expression under hypoxic conditions

Project description:RNA-Seq of human endothelial cells treated with acriflavine (ACF) with or without hypoxia revealed massive changes on gene expression. These were non-randomly and potentially due to DNA topoisomerase inhibition rather than HIF inhibition. Surprisingly, in contrast to protein-coding genes, RNA-Seq yielded that an exceeding number of lncRNAs is upregulated.

2022-01-19 | GSE186297 | GEO

Gene expression profile of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) treated with TGF-b1

Project description:Long-term peritoneal dialysis is associated with progressive fibrosis of the peritoneum. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of mesothelial cells is an important mechanism involved in peritoneal fibrosis, and TGF-b1 is considered central in this process. We conducted network-based integrated analysis of transcriptomic data to systemically characterize the molecular signature of TGF-b1-stimulated human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs).

2018-10-18 | GSE121372 | GEO

TGF-b1 stimulates lymphatic endothelial cells to produce IL-7 and IL-15, which act as chemotactic factors for breast cancer cells with EMT properties

Project description:The lymphatic system is a major gateway for tumor cell dissemination but the mechanisms of how tumor cells gain access to lymphatic vessels are not completely understood. Breast cancer cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gain invasive and migratory properties. Overexpression of the cytokine transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-b1), a potent inducer of EMT, is frequently detected in the tumor microenvironment and correlates with invasion and lymph metastasis. Recently, we reported that TGF-b1 stimulated breast cancer cells with EMT properties migrate in a targeted fashion towards the lymphatic system via CCR7/CCL21-mediated chemotaxis, similar to dendritic cells during inflammation. Here, we aimed to identify additional chemotactic factors and receptors that could be involved in this. Through a combination of RNA sequencing analysis, database screening and invasion assays we identified IL-7/IL7R and IL-15/IL15R as pairs of chemokines and chemokine receptors with potential roles in promoting chemotactic migration of breast cancer cells with EMT properties towards the lymphatics. The results warrant studies to further explore their possible roles in lymph metastasis in breast cancer. Moreover, they demonstrate the capacity of TGF-b1 to orchestrate crosstalk between tumor cells and lymphatic endothelial cells.

2023-12-13 | GSE241881 | GEO

Analysis of gene expression changes during long-term induction of EMT in EpRas tumor cells by TGF-b1.

Project description:EMT is a developmental process, which can be reactivated in cancer cells. Cancer cells maintaining EMT in the circulation may have pro-metastatic properties. We used microarrays to profile EMT-related gene expression changes after 14 d of TGF-b1 treatment. EpRas cells were cultured in standard conditions either in the presence of absence of recombinant TGF-b1 (2 ng/ml) for 14 d. After this period, RNA was isolated from triplicate wells of treated and non-treated cells, and hybridized on Affymetrix microarrays.

2014-09-01 | E-GEOD-59922 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome wide binding of Top2 (in WT and uls1 delta cells) and Uls1 (in WT cells) both in the presence and absence of the Top2 poison acriflavine (ACF)

Project description:Topoisomerase II (Top2) is an essential enzyme that decatenates DNA via a transient Top2-DNA covalent intermediate. This intermediate can be stabilised by a class of drugs termed Top2 poisons, resulting in massive DNA damage. Thus, Top2 activity is a double-edged sword that needs to be carefully controlled to maintain genome stability. We show that Uls1, an ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling (Snf2) enzyme, can alter Top2 chromatin binding and prevent Top2 poisoning in yeast. Deletion mutants of ULS1 are hypersensitive to the Top2 poison acriflavine (ACF), activating the DNA damage checkpoint. We map Uls1’s Top2 interaction domain and show that this, together with its ATPase activity, is essential for Uls1 function. By performing ChIP-seq, we show that ACF leads to a general increase in Top2 binding across the genome. We map Uls1 binding sites and identify tRNA genes as key regions where Uls1 associates after ACF treatment. Importantly, the presence of Uls1 at these sites prevents ACF-dependent Top2 accumulation. Our data reveal the effect of Top2 poisons on the global Top2 binding landscape and highlights the role of Uls1 in antagonising Top2 function. Remodelling Top2 binding is thus an important new means by which Snf2 enzymes promote genome stability.

2019-04-17 | GSE123707 | GEO

Analysis of gene expression changes during long-term induction of EMT in EpRas tumor cells by TGF-b1.

2014-09-01 | GSE59922 | GEO

Transcription profiling of mouse mammary epithelial cells NMuMG treatd with TGF-b1 - time series experiment

Project description:Response of mouse mammary epithelial cells NMuMG to TGF-b1 - time course experiment. Identification of novel gene targets involved in TGF-b1-driven regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

2004-10-01 | E-MEXP-139 | biostudies-arrayexpress

DNA microarrays of SKOM transduced MEFs with added Tgfb1 or co-expressing Snail

Project description:The Tgf-b signaling pathway plays an important role in both embryonic development and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), but the influence of this pathway and its relationship with EMT in fibroblast reprogramming is not defined. Using Affymetrix mouse genome array and mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs), we analyzed the expression profiles of Tgf-b1 and one of its important mediators in EMT, Snail, regulated genes at Day 10 during the process of reprogramming. A total of 535 genes were differentially expressed (2-fold change) in cells activated by Tgf-b1 and 970 genes were differentially expressed in cells over-expressing Snail. Among them, 170 genes were shared in both categories. The differentially expressed genes involve in many biological processes, including Tgf-b signaling pathway, cell communication, ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion, focal adhersion, and Hedgehog signaling pathway

2010-06-01 | GSE21064 | GEO

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