Comparison of cerebellum between High Runner and Control mouse genotypes in Free or Blocked from Wheel running environments
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE84208 | GEO | 2017/02/12
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA328354
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:To examine the impact of selective breeding for voluntary wheel running activity on gene expression in the vomeronasal organ (VNO), RNAseq analysis was conducted in the VNO of 4 High Runner and 4 Control lines.
2020-11-26 | GSE146644 | GEO
Project description:The goals of this study were: 1) to compare the transcriptome of a mouse line selected for high voluntary wheel running and a control line, and 2) evaluate the differences in the cerebellum and in the striatum.
2018-12-25 | GSE114062 | GEO
Project description:n total, 16 7-week-old male F344 rats were subjected to model regular exercise and sedentary lifestyle. In the second week after arrival and acclimatization to the reversed light/dark cycle, rats were introduced to the forced running wheel without a specific running mode. It was followed by a 12-day training phase for all 16 experimental animals (started at 9 weeks of age) by gradually increasing the running speed and duration. During the training phase, 8 best performers were selected for the runner group while the remaining 8 rats were assigned to the sedentary group. The regular forced running exercise phase for the runner group lasted for 5 weeks in total, including 4 weeks of regular running. After 4 weeks of regular exercise, rats underwent brief anesthesia and of blood from the tail vein were taken. This step was repeated for the same animals immediately after 1h of running. On the same day, a blood sample was collected from the sedentary rats following the same protocol. Plasma was collected and immediately frozen for further EV isolation. EVs were isolated from rat plasma by size exclusion chromatography. RNA libraries were constructed using CleanTag® Small RNA Library Prep Kit (Trilink Biotechnologies, USA) and sequenced on Illumina NextSeq500 instrument using NextSeq 500/550 Mid Output Kit v2.5 (150 cycles).
2021-12-28 | E-MTAB-11020 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Weanling gut microbiota in high-runner mice
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Project description:Exercise is known to exert a systemic anti-inflammatory influence, but whether its effects are sufficient to protect against subsequent neuropathic pain is underinvestigated. We report that 6 weeks of voluntary wheel running terminating before chronic constriction injury (CCI) prevented the full development of allodynia for the ?3-month duration of the injury. Neuroimmune signaling was assessed at 3 and 14 days after CCI. Prior exercise normalized ipsilateral dorsal spinal cord expression of neuroexcitatory interleukin (IL)-1? production and the attendant glutamate transporter GLT-1 decrease, as well as expression of the disinhibitory P2X4R-BDNF axis. The expression of the macrophage marker Iba1 and the chemokine CCL2 (MCP-1), and a neuronal injury marker (activating transcription factor 3), was attenuated by prior running in the ipsilateral lumbar dorsal root ganglia. Prior exercise suppressed macrophage infiltration and/or injury site proliferation, given decreased presence of macrophage markers Iba1, iNOS (M1), and Arg-1 (M2; expression was time dependent). Chronic constriction injury-driven increases in serum proinflammatory chemokines were suppressed by prior running, whereas IL-10 was increased. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were also stimulated with lipopolysaccharide ex vivo, wherein CCI-induced increases in IL-1?, nitrite, and IL-10 were suppressed by prior exercise. Last, unrestricted voluntary wheel running, beginning either the day of, or 2 weeks after, CCI, progressively reversed neuropathic pain. This study is the first to investigate the behavioral and neuroimmune consequences of regular exercise terminating before nerve injury. This study suggests that chronic pain should be considered a component of "the diseasome of physical inactivity," and that an active lifestyle may prevent neuropathic pain.
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Project description:Prolonged wakefulness is thought to gradually increase 'sleep need' and influence subsequent sleep duration and intensity, but the role of specific waking behaviours remains unclear. Here we report the effect of voluntary wheel running during wakefulness on neuronal activity in the motor and somatosensory cortex in mice. We find that stereotypic wheel running is associated with a substantial reduction in firing rates among a large subpopulation of cortical neurons, especially at high speeds. Wheel running also has longer-term effects on spiking activity across periods of wakefulness. Specifically, cortical firing rates are significantly higher towards the end of a spontaneous prolonged waking period. However, this increase is abolished when wakefulness is dominated by running wheel activity. These findings indicate that wake-related changes in firing rates are determined not only by wake duration, but also by specific waking behaviours.
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Project description:Exercise can prevent and improve the pathophysiology of diseases and promote healthy aging. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that regulate the beneficial effects of exercise may lead to the development of new strategies to enhance quality of life and to counteract chronic diseases. Voluntary wheel running is an interesting model to study the effects of exercise in mice. Compared to forced treadmill exercise, voluntary wheel running presents several advantages such as: 1) running pattern is similar to natural running behavior of mice; 2) it is performed under non-stressed conditions, according to the rhythmicity of the animal; 3) it does not require direct interference from the researcher, and can be easily applied in long-term studies. Mice run spontaneously when given access to running wheels, for a total distance of ?4 to 20 km per day and a total activity time of ?3 to 7 hours a day. Hence, voluntary wheel running can result in robust endurance-like adaptation in skeletal and cardiac muscles and protect from sarcopenia. However, due to the lack of control over exercise parameters in voluntary exercise models, it is important for the researcher to understand the patterns and variability of wheel running in mice, as well as the factors that can affect voluntary running activity. Overall, voluntary wheel running in mice is a very interesting approach to study the chronic adaptation to exercise, analyze the effects of exercise, and test exercise capacity in different experimental models.
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Project description:Free-running wheel (FRW) is an animal exercise model that relies on high-intensity interval moments interspersed with low-intensity or pauses apparently similar to those performed in high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Therefore, this study, conducted over a 12-weeks period, aimed to compare functional, thermographic, biochemical and morphological skeletal and cardiac muscle adaptations induced by FRW and HIIT. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were assigned into three groups: sedentary rats (SED), rats that voluntarily exercise in free wheels (FRW) and rats submitted to a daily HIIT. Functional tests revealed that compared to SED both FRW and HIIT increased the ability to perform maximal workload tests (MWT-cm/s) (45 ± 1 vs. 55 ± 2 and vs. 65 ± 2). Regarding thermographic assays, FRW and HIIT increased the ability to lose heat through the tail during MWT. Histochemical analyzes performed in tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles showed a general adaptation toward a more oxidative phenotype in both FRW and HIIT. Exercise increased the percentage of fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) in medial fields of TA (29.7 ± 2.3 vs. 44.9 ± 4.4 and vs. 45.2 ± 5.3) and slow oxidative (SO) in SOL (73.4 ± 5.7 vs. 99.5 ± 0.5 and vs. 96.4 ± 1.2). HITT decreased fiber cross-sectional area (FCSA-?m2) of SO (4350 ± 286.9 vs. 4893 ± 325 and vs. 3621 ± 237.3) in SOL. Fast glycolytic fibers were bigger across all the TA muscle in FRW and HIIT groups. The FCSA decrease in FOG fibers was accompanied by a circularity decrease of SO from SOL fibers (0.840 ± 0.005 vs. 0.783 ± 0.016 and vs. 0.788 ± 0.010), and a fiber and global field capillarization increase in both FRW and HIIT protocols. Moreover, FRW and HIIT animals exhibited increased cardiac mitochondrial respiratory control ratio with complex I-driven substrates (3.89 ± 0.14 vs. 5.20 ± 0.25 and vs. 5.42 ± 0.37). Data suggest that FRW induces significant functional, physiological, and biochemical adaptations similar to those obtained under an intermittent forced exercise regimen, such as HIIT.
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Project description:An active lifestyle is generally recommended for hypertensive patients to prevent subsequent end-organ damage. However, experimental data on long-term effects of exercise on hypertension are insufficient and underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on renal expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTHR1) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Twenty-four rats started free running wheel exercise at the age of 1.5 months (pre-hypertensive state) and proceeded for 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 10.0 months. Thirty rats kept under standard housing conditions were used as sedentary controls. Kidney function was assessed by measuring plasma creatinine levels and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratios. Renal expression of PTHrP and PTHR1 was analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Renal expression of PTHR1 was markedly increased between the 6th and 10th months in sedentary rats and this increase was significantly lower in SHRs with high physical activity on mRNA (-30%) and protein level (-27%). At the same time, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio increased (from 65 to 231 mg/g) but somehow lower in exercise performing SHRs (48-196 mg/g). Our data suggest that enhanced exercise, stimulated by allocation of a free running wheel, is associated with lower PTHR1 expression in SHRs and this may contribute to preserved kidney function.
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Project description:The fine-scale grading of the severity experienced by animals used in research constitutes a key element of the 3Rs (replace, reduce, and refine) principles and a legal requirement in the European Union Directive 2010/63/EU. Particularly, the exact assessment of all signs of pain, suffering, and distress experienced by laboratory animals represents a prerequisite to develop refinement strategies. However, minimal and noninvasive methods for an evidence-based severity assessment are scarce. Therefore, we investigated whether voluntary wheel running (VWR) provides an observer-independent behaviour-centred approach to grade severity experienced by C57BL/6J mice undergoing various treatments. In a mouse model of chemically induced acute colitis, VWR behaviour was directly related to colitis severity, whereas clinical scoring did not sensitively reflect severity but rather indicated marginal signs of compromised welfare. Unsupervised k-means algorithm-based cluster analysis of body weight and VWR data enabled the discrimination of cluster borders and distinct levels of severity. The validity of the cluster analysis was affirmed in a mouse model of acute restraint stress. This method was also applicable to uncover and grade the impact of serial blood sampling on the animal's welfare, underlined by increased histological scores in the colitis model. To reflect the entirety of severity in a multidimensional model, the presented approach may have to be calibrated and validated in other animal models requiring the integration of further parameters. In this experimental set up, however, the automated assessment of an emotional/motivational driven behaviour and subsequent integration of the data into a mathematical model enabled unbiased individual severity grading in laboratory mice, thereby providing an essential contribution to the 3Rs principles.
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