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Altered expression of maize PLASTOCHRON1 enhances biomass and seed yield by extending cell division duration

ABSTRACT: Altered expression of maize PLASTOCHRON1 enhances biomass and seed yield by extending cell division duration

PROVIDER: PRJEB19185 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Altered expression of maize PLASTOCHRON1 enhances biomass and seed yield by extending cell division duration

Project description:Transcriptome analysis in maize of GA2OX:PLA1 versus segregating wild type at 2 time points

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Altered expression of maize PLASTOCHRON1 enhances biomass and seed yield by extending cell division duration.

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Ef-cd locus shortens rice maturity duration without yield penalty

Project description:The contradiction between ‘high-yielding’ and ‘early-maturing’ hampers further improvement on annual rice yield. Here we reported the positional cloning of a major maturity duration-regulatory gene, Early flowering-completely dominant (Ef-cd), and demonstrated that natural variation in Ef-cd could be used to overcome the above contradictory. The Ef-cd locus gives rise to a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) antisense transcript overlapping the OsSOC1 gene. Ef-cd lncRNA expression positively correlates with the expression of OsSOC1 and H3K36me3 deposition. Field test comparisons of early-maturing Ef-cd near-isogenic lines (NILs) with their wild types as well as the derivative early-maturing hybrids with their wild-type hybrids conducted under different latitudes determined that early-maturing Ef-cd allele shortens maturity duration (ranging from 7 to 20 days) without a concomitant yield penalty. Ef-cd facilitates nitrogen utilization and also improves the photosynthesis rate. Analysis of 1,439 elite hybrid rice varieties revealed that the 16 homozygotes and 299 heterozygotes possessing Ef-cd matured significantly earlier. Therefore, Ef-cd could be a vital contributor of elite early-maturing hybrid varieties in balancing grain yield with maturity duration.

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Project description:Altered expression of maize PLASTOCHRON1 enhances biomass and seed yield by extending cell division duration

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Rare Allele of A Novel Histone H4 Acetyltransferase Enhances Grain Weight, Yield and Plant Biomass Presumably Through the Regulation of Transcription

Project description:Grain weight is an important crop yield component; however, its underlying regulatory mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we identify a grain-weight quantitative trait locus (QTL) encoding a new-type GNAT-like protein that harbors intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity (OsglHAT1). Our genetic and molecular evidences pinpointed the QTL-OsglHAT1’s allelic variations to a 1.2-kilobase region upstream of the gene body, which is consistent with its function as a positive regulator of the traits. Elevated OsglHAT1 expression enhances grain weight and yield by enlarging spikelet hulls via increasing cell number and accelerating grain filling, and increases global acetylation levels of histone H4. OsglHAT1 localizes to the nucleus, where it likely functions through the regulation of transcription. Despite its positive agronomical effects on grain weight, yield and plant biomass, the rare allele elevating OsglHAT1 expression has so far escaped human selection. Our findings reveal the first example, to our knowledge, of a QTL for a yield component trait being due to a chromatin modifier that has the potential to improve crop high-yield breeding.

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