Dental calculus of ancient baboons
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB34875 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR3609660_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR3609660_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR3609661_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR3609661_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR3609652_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Dental calculus is becoming a crucial material in the study of past populations, with increasing interest in its proteomic and genomic content. Here we suggest further development of protocol for analysis of ancient proteins and a combined approach for subsequent ancient DNA extraction. We tested the protocol on recent teeth. We then applied the optimised protocol to ancient teeth to limit the destruction of calculus, as it is a precious and irreplaceable source of dietary, microbiological, and ecological information in the archaeological context. Finally, the applicability of the protocol was proven on samples of ancient calculus.
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Project description:This study investigated the consumption of milk products in the archaeological record, utilizing human dental calculus as a reservoir of dietary proteins from archaeological samples from across Eurasia. Protein extraction and generation of tryptic peptides from dental calculus was performed using a filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) protocol, modified for ancient samples, on 92 samples of archaeological dental calculus. Samples were extracted at three laboratories; the Functional Genomics Centre Zürich (FGCZ), the Centre for GeoGenetics at the National History Museum of Denmark, and BioArCh at the University of York. Sample extracts were sequenced (LC-MS/MS) using an LTQ-Orbitrap Velos (FGCZ), a Q-Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole Orbitrap and an LTQ-Orbitrap Elite (Central Proteomics Facility, Target Discovery Institute, Oxford).
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Project description:Detailed investigation of extremely severe pathological conditions present in ancient human skeletons is important because they can illuminate the breadth of potential interactions between humans and disease etiologies in the past. Here, we applied palaeoproteomics to investigate the bacterial pathogenic factors and host defense response to an ancient human skeletal individual with severe oral pathology. This female skeleton, from the Okhotsk period (i.e., 5th–13th century) of northern Japan, poses abnormal deposition of large amounts of dental calculus and oral dysfunction due to severe periodontal disease. A shotgun mass-spectrometry analysis identified 81 human proteins and 15 bacterial proteins from her calculus. Two pathogenic or bio-invasive proteins originating from two of the three “red complex” bacteria, the core species associated with severe periodontal disease in modern humans, as well as additional two bio-invasive proteins of periodont-associated bacteria were identified. Human proteins associated with the defense response system were identified, but their proportion was mostly similar to that reported in ancient and modern human individuals with lower calculus deposition. These results suggest that the bacterial etiology was similar and the host defense response was not necessarily higher in ancient individuals with abnormal deposition of large amounts of dental calculus.
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