Salt augments macrophage-driven host defense in the skin
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR768113.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR768114.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR768115.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR768116.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR768117.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
Items per page: 5 1 - 5 of 12 |
Similar Datasets
Project description:Salt augments macrophage-driven host defense in the skin
| PRJEB8633 | ENA
Project description:Immune cells regulate a hypertonic microenvironment in the skin; however, possible functions of increased skin Na+ concentrations are unknown. We found that Na+ accumulated at the site of bacterial skin infections in humans and in mice. We used the protozoan parasite Leishmania (L.) major as a model of skin-prone macrophage infection to test the hypothesis that skin-Na+ storage facilitates antimicrobial host defense. Activation of macrophages in the presence of high NaCl concentrations modified epigenetic markers and enhanced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38/MAPK)-dependent nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) activation. This high-salt response resulted in elevated type-2 nitric oxide synthase (Nos2)-dependent NO production and improved L. major elimination. Finally, we found that increasing Na+ content in the skin by a high-salt diet boosted activation of macrophages in an Nfat5-dependent manner and promoted cutaneous antimicrobial defense. We suggest that the hypertonic microenvironment could serve as a barrier to infection.
2015-02-26 | E-MTAB-3343 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Immune cells regulate a hypertonic microenvironment in the skin; however, the biological advantage of increased skin Na(+) concentrations is unknown. We found that Na(+) accumulated at the site of bacterial skin infections in humans and in mice. We used the protozoan parasite Leishmania major as a model of skin-prone macrophage infection to test the hypothesis that skin-Na(+) storage facilitates antimicrobial host defense. Activation of macrophages in the presence of high NaCl concentrations modified epigenetic markers and enhanced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38/MAPK)-dependent nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) activation. This high-salt response resulted in elevated type-2 nitric oxide synthase (Nos2)-dependent NO production and improved Leishmania major control. Finally, we found that increasing Na(+) content in the skin by a high-salt diet boosted activation of macrophages in a Nfat5-dependent manner and promoted cutaneous antimicrobial defense. We suggest that the hypertonic microenvironment could serve as a barrier to infection.
| S-EPMC4350016 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PARP9 and DTX3L in Antiviral Host Defense
| PRJNA261045 | ENA
Project description:Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are considered to be the innate counterparts of adaptive T lymphocytes and play important roles in host defense, tissue repair, metabolic homeostasis, and inflammatory diseases. ILCs are generally thought of as tissue-resident cells, but whether ILCs strictly behave in a tissue-resident manner or can move between sites during infection is unclear. We show here that IL-25- or helminthic infection-induced inflammatory ILC2s are not tissue-resident but circulating cells, which arise from resting ILC2s residing in intestinal lamina propria and then migrate to mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, lung, and liver. IL-25 induces rapid proliferation of the intestinal ILC2s and a change in their sensitivity to S1P-mediated chemotaxis, leading to lymphatic entry, blood circulation, and accumulation in periphery sites, including the lung where they contribute to anti-helminth defense and tissue repair. Our finding of cytokine-driven expansion and migration of innate lymphocytes, a behavioral parallel to the antigen-driven priming, expansion, and migration of adaptive lymphocytes to effector sites in distant tissues, provides a significant advance in our overall understanding of ILCs and indicates that ILCs complement adaptive immunity by providing both local and distant site effector protection during infection.
2018-01-08 | GSE104708 | GEO
Project description:p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) respond to a wide range of extracellular stimuli. While the inhibition of p38 signaling is implicated in the impaired capacity to repair ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage-a primary risk factor for human skin cancers-its mechanism of action in skin carcinogenesis remains unclear, as both anti-proliferative and survival functions have been previously described. In this study, we utilized cultured keratinocytes, murine tumorigenesis models, and human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) specimens to assess the effect of p38 in this regard. UV irradiation of normal human keratinocytes increased the expression of all four p38 isoforms (?/?/?/?); whereas irradiation of p53-deficient A431 keratinocytes derived from a human SCC selectively decreased p38?, without affecting other isoforms. p38? levels are decreased in the majority of human cutaneous SCCs assessed by tissue microarray, suggesting a tumor-suppressive effect of p38? in SCC pathogenesis. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of p38? and in A431 cells increased cell proliferation, which was in turn associated with increases in NAPDH oxidase (NOX2) activity as well as intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). These changes led to enhanced invasiveness of A431 cells as assessed by the matrigel invasion assay. Chronic treatment of p53-/-/SKH-1 mice with the p38 inhibitor SB203580 accelerated UV-induced SCC carcinogenesis and increased the expression of NOX2. NOX2 knockdown suppressed the augmented growth of A431 xenografts treated with SB203580. These findings indicate that in the absence of p53, p38? deficiency drives SCC growth and progression that is associated with enhanced NOX2 expression and ROS formation.
| S-EPMC4019556 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IL-36? is a proinflamatory cytokine which belongs to the IL-1 family of cytokines. It is expressed in the skin and by epithelial cells (ECs) lining lung and gut tissue. We used human 3-D organotypic cells, that recapitulate either in vivo human vaginal or cervical tissue, to explore the possible role of IL-36? in host defense against pathogens in the human female reproductive tract (FRT). EC were exposed to compounds derived from virus or bacterial sources and induction and regulation of IL-36? and its receptor was determined. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), flagellin, and synthetic lipoprotein (FSL-1) significantly induced expression of IL-36? in a dose-dependent manner, and appeared to be TLR-dependent. Recombinant IL-36? treatment resulted in self-amplification of IL-36? and its receptor (IL-36R) via increased gene expression, and promoted other inflammatory signaling pathways. This is the first report to demonstrate that the IL-36 receptor and IL-36? are present in the human FRT EC and that they are differentially induced by microbial products at this site. We conclude that IL-36? is a driver for epithelial and immune activation following microbial insult and, as such, may play a critical role in host defense in the FRT.
| S-EPMC4911402 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this work, we hypothesized that the aggregation of proteins during wounding is a physiological host defense mechanism, which is triggered during pathogen invasion. Here, we demonstrate the ability of acute wound fluids (AWFs) to aggregate their protein content after exposer to bacterial endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The composition of LPS-triggered aggregates clearly shows the enrichment of specific protein families, which are for example involved in the immune system, coagulation cascade, nuclear matrix, or lipid metabolism.
2023-10-12 | PXD030521 | Pride
Project description:Poorly controlled diabetes leads to comorbidities and enhanced susceptibility to infections. While the immune components involved in wound healing in diabetes have been studied, the components involved in susceptibility to skin infections remain unclear. Here, we examined the effects of the inflammatory lipid mediator leukotriene B4 (LTB4) signaling through its receptor B leukotriene receptor 1 (BLT1) in the progression of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infection in 2 models of diabetes. Diabetic mice produced higher levels of LTB4 in the skin, which correlated with larger nonhealing lesion areas and increased bacterial loads compared with nondiabetic mice. High LTB4 levels were also associated with dysregulated cytokine and chemokine production, excessive neutrophil migration but impaired abscess formation, and uncontrolled collagen deposition. Both genetic deletion and topical pharmacological BLT1 antagonism restored inflammatory response and abscess formation, followed by a reduction in the bacterial load and lesion area in the diabetic mice. Macrophage depletion in diabetic mice limited LTB4 production and improved abscess architecture and skin host defense. These data demonstrate that exaggerated LTB4/BLT1 responses mediate a derailed inflammatory milieu that underlies poor host defense in diabetes. Prevention of LTB4 production/actions could provide a new therapeutic strategy to restore host defense in diabetes.
| S-EPMC6171805 | biostudies-other
Project description:Staphylococcus aureus is a major human bacterial pathogen responsible for deep tissue skin infections. Recent observations have suggested that rapid, localized digestion of hyaluronic acid in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the dermis may influence bacterial invasion and tissue inflammation. In this study we find that cell migration-inducing protein (Cemip) is the major inducible gene responsible for hyaluronan catabolism in mice. Cemip-/- mice failed to digest hyaluronan and had significantly less evidence of infection after intradermal bacterial challenge by S. aureus. Stabilization of large-molecular-weight hyaluronan enabled increased expression of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (Camp) that was due in part to enhanced differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes, as seen histologically and by increased expression of Pref1, PPARg, and Adipoq. Cemip-/- mice challenged with S. aureus also had greater IL-6 expression and neutrophil infiltration. These observations describe a mechanism for hyaluronan in the dermal ECM to regulate tissue inflammation and host antimicrobial defense.
| S-EPMC7029423 | biostudies-literature