Genomic localization of Topoisomerase II beta
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REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Eukaryotic topoisomerase I and II relax DNA and are key components in the processes of DNA replication, transcription and genome stability. It is not clear, however, how their activity controls epigenetic states across an entire eukaryotic genome. Using the fission yeast model Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we investigate genome-wide how topoisomerases affect chromatin formation through nucleosome occupancy and regulate transcription. We show that topoisomerase activity is required for nucleosome turnover at promoter regions, affecting epigenetic gene regulatory states, and for effective termination of transcription.
2010-07-02 | E-MEXP-1850 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A variety of important anticancer drugs kill cells by increasing cellular levels of topoisomerase II-DNA cleavage complex. The anthracycline anticancer drug doxorubicin forms a stable ternary complex with DNA and topoisomerase IIa, thereby inhibiting the normal function of the enzyme. In this study we found genes regulated by doxorubicin - induced and repressed - to be located much closer to each other than genes distributed randomly all over the genome (< 100 kbp). Keywords: Doxorubicin-treated human hepatocytes versus non-treated human hepatocytes
2008-10-01 | GSE11940 | GEO
Project description:Trovafloxacin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the uncoiling of supercoiled DNA in various bacteria by blocking the activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Specific members of this drug family display high activity against eukaryotic type II topoisomerase, as well as cultured mammalian cells and in vivo tumor models. Trovafloxacin seems to have a higher affinity for eukaryotic polymerase II system than the other quinolone agents tested. This effect coupled with other factors, such as an inflammatory response, might result in a hepatotoxic reaction seen with drug. In this study we found genes regulated by trovafloxacin - induced and repressed - to be located much closer to each other than genes distributed randomly all over the genome (< 100 kbp). Keywords: Trovafloxacin-treated human hepatocytes versus non-treated human hepatocytes
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Project description:One major class of anti-cancer drugs targets topoisomerase II to induce DNA double-strand breaks and cell death of fast growing cells. In vitro experiments showed that doxorubicin can induce histone eviction as well as DNA damage, while etoposide can only induce DNA damage. Here, we compare the transcription responses of different tissues to doxorubicin or etoposide treatment in vivo.
2013-06-04 | GSE33626 | GEO
Project description:One major class of anti-cancer drugs targets topoisomerase II to induce DNA double-strand breaks and cell death of fast growing cells. In vitro experiments showed that doxorubicin can induce histone eviction as well as DNA damage, while etoposide can only induce DNA damage. Here, we compare the transcription responses of different tissues to doxorubicin or etoposide treatment in vivo. Total RNA from respective tissues in FVB mice 1 day or 6 days post indicated drug treatment were extracted and compared to un-treated mice. Two mice were used for each treatment.
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Project description:Dosage compensation refers to the equalization of most X-linked gene products between males and females. In Drosophila, it is mediated by the MSL complex that preferentially associates with numerous sites on the X chromosome in somatic cells of males, and is responsible for an enhancement of the transcriptional rate of a substantial number of X-linked genes. Here we show that topoisomerase II (Topo II) is an integral part of the mechanistic basis of dosage compensation and we highlight a novel function for this enzyme. A widely accepted model of transcription postulates that the moving bubble generated by an RNA polymerase elongating complex induces positive DNA supercoiling in the region ahead of the complex and negative supercoiling in its wake. These transitory changes in supercoiling are resolved by the action of topoisomerases. We have investigated the role of Topo II in dosage compensation by RNAi-mediated depletion, and we have used chromatin immunoprecipitation to determine its genomic distribution and relative abundance on X-linked genes. Topo II is enriched on dosage compensated genes and this enrichment is independent from the approximate two-fold enhancement in transcription of these genes. We have demonstrated an RNA-dependent association of Topo II with MLE, the ATPase-helicase subunit of the MSL complex. Our results indicate a role for Topo II that is additional to and different from its function in restoring normal DNA superhelicity during the transcription process. We suggest that the enhanced level of Topo II alters the DNA supercoiling of compensated gene units to facilitate transcription and could provide a basis for the recent report that the MSL complex enhances transcription by increasing the rate of elongation of RNA polymerase II. Investigation of dosage compensated gene expression levels in S2 and S2 Topo II RNAi knockdown cells. mRNA was isolated from S2 cells and S2 cells with RNAi knockdown of Topo II. The mRNA was then converted to cDNA and hybridized to a NimbleGen D. melanogaster gene expression array. 2 replicates each.
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Project description:CRISPR editing of Topoisomerase II alpha in Trypanosoma brucei
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