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Layer-specific molecular expression in neocortical astrocytes

ABSTRACT: Layer-specific molecular expression in neocortical astrocytes

OTHER RELATED OMICS DATASETS IN: GSE111916

PROVIDER: PRJNA438534 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR6845024.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR6845025.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR6845026.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR6845027.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR6845028.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Layer-specific molecular expression in neocortical astrocytes

Project description:Protoplasmic astrocytes in layers II to VI of the mammalian neocortex have historically been thought to comprise a homogeneous population. Given that layer-specific neuronal subtypes play essential roles in cortical circuitry, astrocytes might also be expected to support and modify this circuitry in a layer-specific manner. In order to investigate whether protoplasmic astrocytes exhibit layer-specific heterogeneity, we compared the gene expression profiles of astrocytes between upper layers (layers II to IV) and deep layers (layers V and VI). Although most genes known to be preferentially expressed in astrocytes (astrocyte-enriched genes) were equally expressed between upper-layer astrocytes and deep-layer astrocytes, some such genes (astrocyte-enriched genes or genes with known function in astrocytes) were significantly enriched in upper-layer astrocytes or deep-layer astrocytes.

2018-04-06 | GSE111916 | GEO

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Project description:Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 GeneChip microarrays were used to analyze murine neocortical and cerbellar astrocytes generated from postnatal (PN) day 1 wild-type (ICR) pups. Experiment Overall Design: Three samples each of murine neocortical and cerebellar astrocytes were analyzed.

2008-06-13 | E-GEOD-5582 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Neocortical and cerebellar astrocytes

Project description:Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 GeneChip microarrays were used to analyze murine neocortical and cerbellar astrocytes generated from postnatal (PN) day 1 wild-type (ICR) pups. Keywords: neocortical astrocyte, cerebellar astrocyte, murine, postnatal day 1

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Layer-specific morphological and molecular differences in neocortical astrocytes and their dependence on neuronal layers.

Project description:Non-pial neocortical astrocytes have historically been thought to comprise largely a nondiverse population of protoplasmic astrocytes. Here we show that astrocytes of the mouse somatosensory cortex manifest layer-specific morphological and molecular differences. Two- and three-dimensional observations revealed that astrocytes in the different layers possess distinct morphologies as reflected by differences in cell orientation, territorial volume, and arborization. The extent of ensheathment of synaptic clefts by astrocytes in layer II/III was greater than that by those in layer VI. Moreover, differences in gene expression were observed between upper-layer and deep-layer astrocytes. Importantly, layer-specific differences in astrocyte properties were abrogated in reeler and Dab1 conditional knockout mice, in which neuronal layers are disturbed, suggesting that neuronal layers are a prerequisite for the observed morphological and molecular differences of neocortical astrocytes. This study thus demonstrates the existence of layer-specific interactions between neurons and astrocytes, which may underlie their layer-specific functions.

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Exploitable, highly context-specific astrocytes

Project description:Exploitable, highly context-specific astrocytes

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Astrocytes and neurons share brain region-specific transcriptional signatures (RNAseq: Astrocytes)

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Astrocytes and neurons share brain region-specific transcriptional signatures (RNAseq: Astrocytes)

Project description:Neuronal cell diversity is essential to endow distinct brain regions with specific functions. During development, progenitors within these regions are characterised by specific gene expression programs, contributing to the generation of diversity in postmitotic neurons and glia. While the region-specific molecular diversity of neurons and astrocytes is increasingly understood, whether these cells share region-specific programs remains unknown. Here, we show that in the neocortex and thalamus, neurons and astrocytes express shared region-specific transcriptional and epigenetic signatures. These signatures not only distinguish cells across brain regions but are also detected across substructures within regions, such as distinct thalamic nuclei, where clonal analysis reveals the existence of common nucleus-specific progenitors for neurons and glia. Consistent with their shared molecular signature, regional specificity is maintained following astrocyte-to-neuron reprogramming. A detailed understanding of these regional-specific signatures may thus inform strategies for future cell-based brain repair.

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Project description:To investigate the functional heterogeneity of astrocytes from a defined brain region, we designed 12 experimental manipulations including Huntington's disease models, pathological challenges, ionic and GPCR signaling alterations, and analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of striatal astrocytes. From the analyses, we have identified context-specific changes of striatal astrocytes.

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