Project description:To study the responses of kiwifruit to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, one-year-old potted seeding A. c. var. deliciosa cultivar ‘Jinkui’ and the pandemic Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae bacterial strain JF8 (CCTCC AB2018305) were used for this study. This bacterial strain was originally isolated from A. c. var. chinensis cultivar ‘Jinfeng’ and further characterized . Plants were maintained in an aseptic room, with 95% of relative humidity, have natural light and no further fertilization after their receiving from the nursery. For inoculation, the P. s.pv. actinidiae strain was streaked on nutrient-sucrose agar (NSA) and incubated at 25 °C for 48-h. Ten microliters of a bacterial suspension (1-2×107cfu/mL) prepared in sterile 0.85 % w NaCl were inoculated in the plants chosen for investigation. The bacterial suspension was sprayed to entirety tree. In parallel, control plants were treated in the same way with sterile 0.85 % w NaCl solution. The inoculated and control plants were randomly distributed in the room at 15 ± 3 °C. 24-h after inoculation, ‘Jinkui’ leaves were sampled from the infected and control plants for further analyses. Each sample consisted of the leaves of one tree. Three biological replicates were used for each line.
Project description:Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) continues to be a disease with high mortality and no efficacious medical treatment. Although severe AH is presented as acute on chronic liver failure, what underlies this transition from chronic alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) to AH, is largely unknown. To address this question, unbiased RNA-seq and proteomic analyses were performed on livers of the recently developed AH mouse model which exhibits the shift to AH from chronic ASH upon weekly alcohol binge, and these results are compared with gene expression profiling data from AH patients. This cross-analysis has identified Casp11 (CASP4 in man) as a commonly upregulated gene known to be involved in non-canonical inflammasome pathway. Immunoblotting confirms CASP11/4 activation in AH mice but not in chronic ASH. Gasdermin-D (GSDMD) which induces pyroptosis (lytic cell death caused by bacterial infection) downstream of CASP11/4 activation, is also activated in AH livers. CASP11 deficiency reduces GSDMD activation, bacterial load in the liver, and the severity of AH. Conversely, the deficiency of IL-18, the key anti-microbial cytokine, aggravates hepatic bacterial load, GSDMD activation, and AH. Further, hepatocyte-specific expression of constitutively active GSDMD worsens hepatocellular lytic death and PMN inflammation. These results implicate pyroptosis induced by CASP11/4-GSDMD pathway in the pathogenesis of AH.
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, short, single-stranded RNAs with essential roles in gene regulation in various organisms including higher plants. In contrast to the vast information on miRNAs from many economically important plants, almost nothing has been reported on the identification or analysis of miRNAs from rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis L.), the most important natural rubber-producing crop. To identify miRNAs and their target genes in rubber tree, high throughput sequencing combined with a computational approach was performed. Four small RNA libraries were constructed for deep sequencing from mature and young leaves of two rubber tree clones, PB 260 and PB 217, which provide high and low latex yield, respectively. 237 miRNAs belonging to 37 known miRNA families were identified, and northern hybridization validated miRNA expression and revealed developmental stage-dependent and clone-specific expression for some miRNAs. We took advantage of the newly released rubber tree genome assembly as well as the genomic databases from leafy spurge and cassava, two species related to rubber tree, and predicted 15 novel miRNAs. 4 samples examined: PB260 mature leaves, PB260 young leaves, PB217 mature leaves, and PB217 young leaves.
Project description:ASH-1 orthologs are H3K36-specific methyltransferases that are conserved from fungi to humans but are poorly understood, in part because they are typically essential for viability. Here we examine the H3K36 methylation pathway of Neurospora crassa, which we find has just two H3K36 methyltransferases, ASH-1 and RNA polymerase II-associated SET-2. Our investigation of the interplay between SET-2 and ASH-1 uncovered a regulatory mechanism connecting ASH-1-catalyzed H3K36 methylation to repression of poorly transcribed genes. Our findings provide new insight into ASH-1 function, H3K27me2/3 establishment, and repression at facultative heterochromatin.
2018-08-14 | GSE118495 | GEO
Project description:PacBio sequencing of ash and rowan leaves
Project description:We conducted micro-array analysis to quantify the global transcriptome variations in leaves through the course of the year allowing for identification of changing developmental signals. We used RNA samples from pre-formed and mature leaves in the upper crown of a sexually mature Populus deltoides tree 2 hours after sunrise.
Project description:Understanding the bacterial community structure, and their functional analysis for active bioremediation process is essential to design better and cost effective strategies. Microarray analysis enables us to simultaneously study the functional and phylogenetic markers of hundreds of microorganisms which are involved in active bioremediation process in an environment. We have previously described development of a hybrid 60-mer multibacterial microarray platform (BiodegPhyloChip) for profiling the bacterial communities and functional genes simultaneously in environments undergoing active bioremediation process (Pathak et al; Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,Vol. 90, 1739-1754). The present study involved profiling the status of bacterial communities and functional (biodegradation) genes using the developed 60-mer oligonucleotide microarray BiodegPhyloChip at five contaminated hotspots in the state of Gujarat, in western India. The expression pattern of functional genes (coding for key enzymes in active bioremediation process) at these sites was studied to understand the dynamics of biodegradation in the presence of diverse group of chemicals. The results indicated that the nature of pollutants and their abundance greatly influence the structure of bacterial communities and the extent of expression of genes involved in various biodegradation pathways. In addition, site specific factors also play a pivotal role to affect the microbial community structure as was evident from results of 16S rRNA gene profiling of the five contaminated sites, where the community structure varied from one site to another drastically.
Project description:To determine whether and how warming affects the functional capacities of the active microbial communities, GeoChip 5.0 microarray was used. Briefly, four fractions of each 13C-straw sample were selected and regarded as representative for the active bacterial community if 16S rRNA genes of the corresponding 12C-straw samples at the same density fraction were close to zero.